Browsing by Author "Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán"

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Las acciones afirmativas como políticas públicas de igualdad de género en un estado constitucional de derechos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho Constitucional, 2020-11) Chávez Toscano, Ivonne Alejandra; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Affirmative action public policies, also known as positive discrimination policies, have been implemented in Ecuador with the aim of mitigating the multiple factors that cause conditions of discrimination and inequality. Most of all, those that are based on social constructions of gender. According to Rawls (2001, p. 29) “Undeserved inequalities require compensation; and since the inequalities of birth and natural gifts are undeserved, they will have to be compensated in some way”. Thus, the creation of the famous affirmative actions is justified, having as a fundamental pillar the right to gender equality that is guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador. However, in recent times, several questions have emerged. For example: Why, despite legislative progress in the field of human rights, are there still such marked phenomena of inequality ?; What is stopping a change in the culture and in the symbolic references of the masculine and feminine ?; Are the affirmative actions implemented in Ecuador really working to generate gender equality or do they only reinforce sexist stereotypes ?; How do the design of public policies with a gender perspective based on social constructions of stereotypes affect the social imaginary? The problem that this research work aims to focus on is precisely the impact of the results generated by the application of affirmative actions in our environment. In such a way that it is demonstrated how those, contrary to precautionary the constitutional right of gender equality, are violating it, strengthening the social stereotypes between men and women. As explained in the previous paragraphs, affirmative actions are being created, not only in Ecuador but in various parts of the world. Thus, they are taken as a means of reducing violence and inequality between men and women. However; The present investigation will criticize that this type of affirmative action implies in itself a reinforcement of stereotypes and protection messages for a certain group that needs special measures by the State. Consequently, said situation generates contradiction and debate regarding gender equality as a constitutional right.
La administración de las instituciones de artes escénicas (“Integración Andina”) en la creación e innovación de obras artísticas
(2022-02-01) Vargas Arcos, Gissela Elizabeth; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Toda investigación nace con el análisis de un problema y el deseo de llegar a solucionar este inconveniente de la vida diaria, de una forma ética y transparente, principalmente parta los sectores más vulnerables y necesitados. Una de las áreas que el gobierno no a reactivado desde la pandemia (COVID-19) es la cultura (artes escénicas) lo que es urgente establecer alternativas de solución en las instituciones públicas y privadas con personas jurídicas, que tienen como objetivo formar el alma y el espíritu alcanzando una formación integral de las futuras generaciones. Es así que la Corporación Cultural Integración Andina con 26 años de vida artística ha entregado a la sociedad Ambateña, tungurahuense, ecuatoriana y mundial una alternativa de adquirir una formación integral, basada en la inteligencia kinestesia que permita desarrollar el hemisferio izquierdo y derecho, ya que solo así se consigue la concentración ideal en lo mejor que tiene un ser humano, que es la inspiración que nace de Dios, desciende a la tierra, se incrusta en el cerebro de los seres humanos y se manifiesta a través del movimiento (la danza y los buenos principios- valores), que necesita nuestra sociedad en la vida diaria y que nosotros lo transformamos en coreografías. Mensajes en formación dancística necesaria para alcanzar una sociedad más justa, más honrada y menos miserable
El derecho consetudinario en la justicia Indigena
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Posgrado, Maestría en Derecho Constitucional, 2019-11) Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán; Tite, Segundo Ramiro
The Constitutional Rights constitute a manifestation in the National Constitutional, of the Human Laws that have been recognized by the international legal instruments. They recognize a set of prerogatives that, in essence, constitute the recognition of the status of being human, manifested in various environments, in which it’s essential as a sign of civility, the guarantee of a set of faculties that enable integral human development. In indigenous justice in Ecuador, by establishing itself as an autonomous jurisdiction, it implies the possibility of communities, peoples and nationalities to know, prosecute and punish those who violate those acts that violate community norms within their territories and by some member of the community. This recognition of legal plurality in Ecuador is a step forward in the recognition of ancestral cultures, but in terms of rights for those involved, it poses a challenge to the difference in the ordinary indigenous worldview. Thus, the absence of written norms, typical of the rights of these peoples, which is transmitted orally from generation to generation, manifests a set of restrictions on constitutional rights in the prosecution of the violator of the rules, such as the presumption Of innocence, the possibility of proposing evidence, access to defense, proportionality between offense and punishment, so that, in many cases, it contradicts the exception to that jurisdiction. It recognizes the proper administration of indigenous justice, but provided that the human rights recognized in the Constitution and international legal instruments aren’t violated, an issue that will build the central theme of this study
Derechos humanos y permanencia de los niños en el Centro de Rehabilitación Social Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2020-01) Guaicha Pacha, Alexis Damián; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
The purpose of the investigation is to analize the children´s human rights in the Ambato Social Rehabilitation Center because it is a topic of social interest. Millions of children are in prisons around the world which brings negative consequencues and harmful effects on their develpment, being the state and the prison system who have ignored the situations of these infants so their needs stay unattended and their rights are violeted. The methodology used is based on qualitative and quantitative approaches performing an analysis of documents and investigations previously executed where the main characteristics of the variables were obtained. The descriptive method allowed to study each variable where positive and negative aspects of human rights and permanence of children in prison were achieved. Three surveys were also applied that evaluated: human rights and permanence that facilitated to understand the development of the problema according to the situation of each member of th population. Establishing a vision of human rights in the Ambato Social Rehabilitation Center will contribute to give a better treatment fot children under three years old, thereby generate an environment of respect and create better conditions for their permanence in prison.
Descentralización Administrativa y eficiencia en la Gestión Pública en la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-28) Guaigua Rivas, Sebastián Jonathan; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
For the development of this research, the objective was to analyze the impact of administrative decentralization on the efficiency of public management in the city of Ambato. Normative documents such as the Organic Code of Territorial Organization, Autonomy and Decentralization (COOTAD) and the Constitution of Ecuador were analyzed, using digital recorders and software to transcribe and analyze interviews with officials. Specialized literature on administrative decentralization and public management was also consulted. The methodology was qualitative, involving interviews with four key officials in Ambato. The data were transcribed and coded, identifying patterns and categories, and the legal framework was reviewed to contextualize the findings. Among the main findings, it is highlighted that administrative decentralization has brought public management closer to the specific needs of the population, improving the capacity of the Autonomous Decentralized Governments (GAD) to make more contextualized and timely decisions. However, this autonomy has not always been supported by an adequate allocation of financial and technical resources, which has limited the efficiency and coverage of public services. It is recommended to implement adjustments in the normative framework to ensure a more equitable and adequate distribution of financial and technical resources.
Edad De Imputabilidad Penal, y La Delincuencia Juvenil en el COIP
(Universidad Técnica de Amabto, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-21) Tapia Molina, Jefferson Marcelo; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Juvenile delinquency in Ecuador has become an alarming social problem due to the limitation of the age of criminal responsibility, which has caused a growing number of adolescents involved in criminal, driven by factors such as the crisis of criminality, poverty, education, and the increasing insecurity in the country. This problem intensifies because many criminal organizations resort to recruiting adolescents, taking advantage of the lenient sanctions imposed on them under the current criminal legislation. According to the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP), minors are not judged by the same criteria as adults; instead of prison sentences, they are imposed socio-educational measures. This difference has created a gap that criminal gangs exploit, using minors to commit serious crimes, with the certainty that they will not receive severe punishments. The central objective of this study is to analyze how Ecuadorian criminal law, especially regarding the non-imputability of juvenile offenders, is contributing to the increase in juvenile delinquency. The methodology applied in the research is descriptive in nature, starting with a documentary bibliographic review of both doctrine and jurisprudence through the use of an analytical-quantitative method, allowing for the analysis of each document. Thus, it is immersed in the research line of public policies, law, and society. This approach focuses on conducting surveys with judges and legal professionals specialized in juvenile justice to understand their perspectives and experiences on the application of sanctions to minors. With the results, it will be possible to determine if it is necessary to modify the current legislation, including the possibility of establishing a different minimum age for criminal liability, with more appropriate sanctions for minors involved in serious crimes. This will seek a more effective response to the growing juvenile delinquency that affects the country.
El derecho a la libertad de expresión: análisis del caso radio pichincha universal
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-21) Bucheli Escobar, Karen Mishell; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
The right to freedom of expression is a fundamental element within society, it guarantees that there is a fair and balanced democracy in the different countries, so that the population when exercising this right can express themselves freely about the different events, being a right enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, it is guaranteed and safeguarded by the State, which ensures that there will be no reprisals when exercising it. There are international organizations that protect this right, even cataloging it as fundamental for individuals. Therefore, the objective of the research is to carefully analyze the national regulations in Ecuador such as conventions and treaties issued by international entities that safeguard freedom of expression, in addition to analyzing an emblematic case in the country "Radio Pichincha Universal". For this reason, the qualitative methodology was used, employing an analytical, explanatory approach, based on secondary sources to obtain information on the subject. Through the investigation, it is concluded that despite the fact that Freedom of Expression is a fundamental human right and is enshrined in regulations such as the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador and international regulations, it has been violated not only by the Ecuadorian State but even by other countries, since in some way citizen opinion does not benefit the government in power, thus generating reprisals towards the media with the aim of closing them down and not allowing them to disseminate their opinions
La jubilación del magisterio por bonos y sus efectos socioafectivos en el ambito familiar, provincia de Tungurahua, año 2014
(2015) Franco Narváez, Verónica Paulina; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad dar a conocer el problema que en esta última década ha suscitado con los jubilados del magisterio ecuatoriano por el decreto presidencial, el cual manifiesta que todos los profesores y profesoras del Ecuador que hayan cumplido con todos los requisitos que solicita la ley y el reglamento de Educación Intercultural deben dejar el magisterio es decir su relación laboral y pasar a la inactividad total. La inactividad total una vez jubilado siempre se lo ha venido practicando y ejecutando pero en esta última temporada el Gobierno ecuatoriano ha manifestado que por el cambio de Matriz Productiva ya no se lo entrega la ayuda económica en forma efectiva, sino con el sistema llamado jubilación por bonos. La jubilación por bonos es entregar el valor de su jubilación (40000) en un documento legal en el cual menciona que el titular (jubilado) tiene 40 000 USD en el Banco Central del Ecuador o en la institución financiera que haya elegido, a cambio de ello se le ira entregando un interés mensualmente del bono entregado. Al recibir los bonos solo en documento y al no disponer el jubilado de una forma efectiva su situación afectiva, económica y social entra en crisis lo que a dado lugar que el adulto mayor se quede solo. Mismo que no tarde en enfermarse y en muchos casos en adquirir una enfermedad grave y catastrófica que no tarda en perder la vida. Razón por la cual en el presente trabajo se exclama justicia a las autoridades de turno para que análisis cada uno de los casos y se entregue el derecho de la jubilación en forma efectiva, oportuna y directa ya que con ella únicamente el adulto mayor cancela las deudas y controla sus dolores producidos por la edad, mismo que deben ser cuidados hasta sus últimos días. Bonos, jubilación, adultos mayores, proceso, derechos, interés público, salud, legalidad, sectores vulnerables, matriz productiva, zonal, distrito, razones por la cual se pide que se dé un cumplimiento en cada uno de los derechos que así la estipula por Ley de la Legislación, dando un mejor estilo de vida a los jubilados
La Garantía Constitucional de Hábeas Corpus; Caso Jorge Glas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-03-21) Arguello Rosillo, Jhomyra Mishell; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Habeas Corpus is a Constitutional Guarantee established in the supreme norm of the Ecuadorian legal system, whose importance lies in the immediate recovery of the freedom of a person who is deprived of it, provided that the procedure applied has been illegal, illegitimate or arbitrary. It is also executed in a scenario where the life or physical integrity of a person who is inside a penitentiary center is put at risk. However, in recent years its essence has been distorted and therefore, it has given way to an inadequate and excessive application. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to carry out an analysis of both the procedure that was used in each of the Habeas Corpus legal actions presented in the “Jorge Glas” case, as well as the sentences issued by the corresponding judicial chambers and the revocations carried out by the State and thus, to determine whether there were irregularities within this specific case. For this purpose, this research applies a descriptive study, with the qualitative, analytical and synthetic method; therefore, it is immersed in the line of research on public policies, law and society. Thus, as a result, it has been determined that there are several distortable elements within the process of applying this constitutional guarantee, such as: the competence of judges, jurisdiction, requirements and regularization of the same. And because of this, this research concludes in the denaturalization of the right, since the actions proposed by Mr. Jorge Glas were resolved based on a criterion far removed from the object and nature of Habeas Corpus as a Constitutional Guarantee.
La práctica procesal constitucional y la tutela judicial efectiva en Tungurahua
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho Constitucional, 2021-01) Vera Flor, Álvaro Francisco; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
The guarantee of compliance with constitutional principles and rights does not depend, for the most part, on the criteria issued by the Constitutional Court, but on the professional application of the instruments developed for the protection of rights. That is, a constitutional procedural practice, through which it is possible to effectively protect the rights of people, with the confidence and sufficient guarantee that the desire for justice is fulfilled. That is why, leaving this problem unnoticed without trying to provide a possible solution, will contribute by omission to the weakening of the constitutional block and the loss of legitimacy of constitutional justice. For a better understanding, effective judicial protection allows citizens, through the jurisdictional function, to exercise their rights and legitimate interests and obtain a resolution based on law. For example, in the constitutional sphere, the jurisdictional function acts within the well-known “constitutional guarantees”. In other words, security institutions created in favor of the people, so that they have the means to protect their subjective rights. However, that becomes mere constitutional lyric in practice, since the number of unmotivated sentences and lack of preparation of the judges that lead to the violation, mainly, of the right to effective judicial protection of citizens is evident. Also, it is necessary to emphasize the role of the judge within constitutional law. Most of all, when in recent times it has been possible to verify and experience a politicized justice. This means that beyond guaranteeing human rights, judges decide on the basis of their political interests, increasingly distancing the long-awaited judicial independence that democratic nations struggle with. From this investigative work, an analytical study will be developed to controversy the mythological view that judges are merely "the mouth of the law"; and, guarantee that the exercise of their jurisdictional functions is not influenced in any way by their personal, political, ideological, religious or any other kind of sympathy.
El precedente, la jurisprudencia y las reglas jurisprudenciales en la justicia constitucional y ordinaria en el Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho Constitucional, 2020-09) Arroba Salazar, Ana Alexandra; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
The present investigation has been developed with the objective of generating a critical legal analysis on the obligatory nature and prevalence of the preceding, the jurisprudence and the jurisprudential rules dictated by the Constitutional and Ordinary Justice in Ecuador, to sensitize their application in the administration of justice. The same is important because it is related to actions taken against the judicial decisions of the National Court of Justice, Courts or Courts of last or only instance, before the Constitutional Court. Which generates disagreements when applying and interpreting constitutional and secondary norms in order to guarantee and protect the rights of people; for this reason the need of the present to raise awareness of their application, considering the principles of legality, devices and legal certainty; In addition to becoming a permanent current issue due to the social dynamics in the different cases resolved by the Constitutional Court of Ecuador and the perspective generated by the judgments that nullify the decisions emanating from ordinary justice. In the present research work, a qualitative approach was applied, a basic modality of field research and documentary bibliography, and as exploratory and descriptive types of research, with the line of research within the Constitutional Jurisdiction, supported by the Ecuadorian legal system. , historical, philosophical and constitutional theoretical assumptions; reaching as a result the normative identification that governs the legal institutions investigated both in constitutional and ordinary justice, which allowed to capture criteria for the distinction of prevalence in the application of the precedent, jurisprudence and jurisprudential rules in constitutional and ordinary justice in the equator.
El principio de aplicación directa de la constitución y el Control concreto de constitucionalidad en el Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Unidad de Posgrado, Maestria en Derecho Constitucional, 2020-09) Cáceres Sánchez, Nelly Natalia; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Ecuador is considered a democratic state of rights and justice; From the separation of the Spanish crown to the present day it has undergone continuous structural and organizational changes. The neo-constitutionalist current generated a substantial transformation with which it has allowed the recognition of rights and guarantees of different kinds. In the development of this investigative work several aspects are approached; starting with the recognition of rights, which are considered justiciable and are in the same normative hierarchy. Likewise, it is established that when the rights are violated, there are different jurisdictional guarantees, which become tools that allow the recognition of the established rights in the constitutional way. And finally, the issue of constitutional principles is addressed, as a link for the validation of rights through guarantees. By referring to principles, the constitutional power of direct application of the supreme norm arises. However, this provision contains some variations as can be verified in the development of the text. Consequently, the same Constitution establishes concrete control, which is a power of the Constitutional Court to guarantee regulatory compatibility within the legal system. As this possible confrontation exists within the constitutional text, a great question arises that seeks to analyze and understand. Although, the Constitution can be applied directly; in case of reasonable doubt, the judges have the power to refer the rule to consultation; Furthermore, when the non-judicial public servant is faced with a regulatory conflict, a major question arises, which is intended to be analyzed in the course of this project.
Rol de la justicia indígena Ecuatoriana en los casos de extorsión en la Parroquia Toacaso
(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-08) Torres Silva, Marilin Mishel; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Indigenous justice has been a fundamental part of the life of indigenous communities since colonial times, based on customary law and ancestral traditions. In Ecuador, its importance and recognition have been reflected in the 2008 Constitution, especially in Article 171, which guarantees the jurisdictional functions of indigenous authorities to resolve internal conflicts according to their own rules and procedures, being crucial to understand how indigenous communities deal with crimes such as extortion within their jurisdiction. The objective of this research is to analyze the application of indigenous justice in extortion cases in the Toacaso parish, in order to understand the role it plays in the resolution of these cases. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology was used, employing descriptive, documentary or bibliographic research and field research. Data collection was carried out through interviews with indigenous authorities of the Toacaso parish and experts in the field. The results of these interviews revealed that indigenous justice focuses on reintegration and community harmony, using sanctions ranging from public apologies to economic compensation and symbolic physical punishment, in the same way they will act in extortion crimes even though this crime has not been known and resolved by the indigenous authorities before. In conclusion, indigenous justice has mechanisms to resolve any type of crime, but murder is not part of these mechanisms. In the case of the lynching of two alleged extortionists in the community of Plancha Loma, Toacaso parish, the indigenous authorities did not intervene in the lynching, so this fact cannot be attributed to indigenous justice since this justice system must guarantee the protection of human rights enshrined in the Magna Carta and international instruments
El Sistema de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe y el Derecho a la Educación de los niños, niñas y adolescentes de la comunidad indígena de Chibuleo
(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-02) Flores Colina, Geidy Estefania; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Throughout history, members of different indigenous peoples and nationalities have been oppressed, marginalized, and exploited. For decades, their most basic rights were denied, and after several social struggles and protests, this social group achieved the vindication of their rights. However, even today, there are many aspects that need to improve for this social group to achieve true material equality. Regarding the right to education, it must be remembered that, for decades, this social group was trapped in a traditional and homogenizing educational model. With the Constitution of 1945, the right to education of this social group would be greatly benefited with the creation of the Bilingual Intercultural Education System. However, even today, 78 years after the creation of this new educational model, there are large gaps that need to be closed for this social group to fully enjoy their right to education. The present research project constitutes basic research, with an exploratory methodology and a qualitative approach. And through the collection of information from primary and secondary sources, it has been possible to determine as the main result of this research project that the bilingual Intercultural Education System, through the Bilingual Intercultural Millennium Educational Intercultural Education System, through the Bilingual Intercultural Millennium Educational Unit of Chibuleo, helps to guarantee the right to education of the children and adolescents od this indigenous community.
Tenencia monoparental y derechos de los niños
(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Rodríguez Murillo, Sara Nohemí; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
Single parenthood at the current time is of greater importance, due to its increase and heterogeneity of scenarios that it represents, this negatively affects the fulfillment of the rights of the child. The main objective is to analyze the influence of single parentage on children's rights. The approach adopted is quantitative and qualitative, with a descriptive-correlational level and the application of hypothetical-deductive and analytical-synthetic methods. The research was carried out with families that meet the criteria of a single-parent family. To collect data, a survey was developed and administered to parents of single-parent families, consisting of 26 questions; In addition, two semi-structured interviews were implemented for parents and children respectively; The interview with parents had 23 aspects and the interview with children with 19. The results showed that single-parent families present socioeconomic problems, that a large part of these families suffer from alimony, and that they do not receive help or social assistance, aspects that influence in the violation of the rights of the child. It was proven that single-parent ownership influences the rights of children
La violencia física transgeneracional y los trastornos de conducta en la mujer victimizada en el Cantón Sucúa
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Maestría en Trabajo Social familiar, 2016-05) Vélez Rivera, Maria Cristina; Vargas Villacrés, Borman Renán
The data obtained in the literature and field research conducted in the Sucúa Canton have helped me to develop this thesis with the theme: 'The transgenerational physical violence and behavioral disorders in women victimized in Canton Sucúa ''. The surveys were implemented during 2015, physically women who came to the Judicial Council of the Canton to file the respective complaint assaulted. It should be noted that the data obtained from the Judicial Unit Multicompetente Sucúa Canton, are not a real number of women victims of aggression in Canton, because not all put the complaint of this type. They treat your way to mitigate or pardon the offender or simply think will change or feel very submissive and dependent in some way. Through surveys it was found that a high percentage of respondents have behavior changes, it affects the whole family negatively. This is where the technical team involved, with the aim of reinserting it into their daily lives in a positive way and be a support for their children. The crew of the Judiciary follows up the victim of family violence, depending on the judge's decision. The proposal made based on this research is to establish reception centers for women who have suffered different kinds of attacks, so you can work more directly and help you overcome all traumas suffered.