Trabajo Social
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Item Resiliencia en adolescentes del sector educativo público y privado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-02-21) Cunalata Llugcha, Mónica Alexandra; Balseca Basantes, Jeanneth ElizabethCurrently, adolescents face multiple conflictive situations that can affect or strengthen their level of resilience, the constant changes in family, educational and social dynamics generate a significant impact on the behavior of adolescents, causing them to modify their perception of the future, move away from the search for personal improvement and opt for more complex lifestyles, because resilience manifests itself differently at each stage of life, as a result of physical and psychological changes, adolescents adopt behaviors that exposed to multiple risks. This research aims to analyze resilience in adolescents from the public and private educational sector of the Salcedo Educational Unit and the GRAL Eloy Alfaro Educational Unit. In this sense, the methodology adopted a quantitative approach, of a descriptive, analytical-synthetic and comparative nature, where the JJ46 questionnaire by Alvarán et al (2023) was used to study the variable, composed of 46 items divided into 8 dimensions, which was applied to a sample of 288 adolescents, aged between 12 and 17 years, divided equally between the public and private educational sectors. The results indicated that resilience in adolescents in the public and private educational sector reflects a moderate capacity to face adversity, characterized by a medium level of resilience. This ability is supported by family support, self-esteem, creativity and behavior management, which act as key indicators that allow adolescents to identify negative patterns with greater awareness and control, on the other hand, although no significant differences are observed Between both educational sectors, resilience manifests itself in a diverse way, depending on the context of each population, which indicates that the majority of adolescents belonging to the two educational sectors have skills to overcome obstacles and face challenges.Item Dinámica familiar y autoestima en hijos de diversidad sexual(2024-08) Sozoranga Karolys, Mayhuri Nayeli; Paredes Ruiz, Teresa de JesúsSexual diversity encompasses a wide range of sexual identities and orientations, reflecting experiences that go beyond heterosexuality and traditional gender roles. Therefore, promoting respect, tolerance, and inclusion toward sexual diversity is essential for building an equitable society where human rights are fulfilled. This also allows us to create public policies in favor of the LGBTIQ+ community to minimize high levels of homophobia, exclusion, discrimination, murders, and suicides among this vulnerable population due to their sexual orientation. The main objective of this research project is to determine the influence of family dynamics and self-esteem in children of sexual diversity. The study is descriptive and correlational. The findings were obtained through a purely quantitative approach using the survey technique. We attached the instruments previously validated in Latin American contexts adapted to the Spanish language, which measures the variables of analysis for the independent variable - the Rosenberg scale was used and the dependent variable. The questionnaires were applied to 50 people of sexual diversity belonging to the LGBTIQ+ community "COALICIÓN LGBTIQ+ COTOPAXI UN MUNDO DIVERSO" led by Carlos Alberto Sandoval Castro. The research results show a significant influence of family dynamics and self-esteem on children of sexual diversity, revealing that a healthy and supportive family environment is associated with high self-esteem levels. Therefore, it is essential to continue proposing awareness-raising alternatives to mitigate social problems that affect people in the LGBTIQ+ communityItem El Body Shaming y la Adaptación Social en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Núñez Barzola, Johanna Aracelly; Martínez Bonilla, Carlos AlbertoThe student dropout rate in universities and the low persistence rates, particularly in the first year of study, have led to questioning the various factors that influence the transition of students to this new context. As a result, it has been established that body shaming is an emerging factor in the adaptive process, which has not been adequately studied, especially for young university students. Therefore, the influence of body shaming on university adaptation was examined in order to serve as a starting point for the development of intervention strategies that facilitate a successful transition to professional life. The objective of this research was to examine the influence of body shaming on university adaptation through the development of a research instrument (questionnaire) that allowed for the evaluation of the interrelationship between the study variables. The analyzed sample consisted of 177 students from the Early Childhood Education program at the Universidad Técnica de Ambato. It was based on a mixed approach and two data collection instruments were used: a teacher interview related to social adaptation to the university environment and a questionnaire to explore students' perceptions of body shaming and its possible relationship with university adaptation. The main results reflect that within the factors of the adaptive process are social interaction, academic performance, integration into university life, sociocultural adaptation, and social support. The research instrument met the proposed objective and allowed for determining that young university students who experience body shaming perceive this phenomenon with anxiety, feelings of shame, low self-esteem, and anxiety related to body image. Therefore, the mentioned indicators can trigger disorders and limit the social adaptation of the university student. It significantly affects academic performance and social interaction, concluding that body shaming influences university adaptation. This research is part of the "Netnographic Study of communication from invisible to visible in digital violence" projectItem Cosificación de la mujer en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Calvopiña Chicaiza, Kerly Yadira; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaThe objectification of women is a social process in which women are treated as objects, focusing on their bodies and denying their individuality and active role in society. This process denies them civil and political rights, pigeonholing them in a patriarchal and liberal system where their bodies are sexualized and used according to the interests of groups and organizations. Women's body image is closely linked to their professional and family advancements, serving as the basis for defining social roles and their value. Youth and beauty, associated with fertility, become primary desires of men, leading women to accept objectification to gain male approval, even though social standards become stricter over time. The objective of the research is to determine the existence of the objectification of women in university students at the Technical University of Ambato; This research had a quantitative approach of an exploratory, descriptive and correlational nature, we worked with a sample of 283 female students between the ages of 18 and 30, instruments were used: Interpersonal Sexual Objectification Scale (ISOS) adopted and applied by Sáez et al. (2012) is composed of 15 questions, the Self-esteem scale adapted and translated into Spanish by Atienza et al. (2000), which includes 10 items, the Objectified Body Consciusness Scale (OBCS) consists of 24 items, the General Power Feeling scale created by Anderson and Cols (2012), which consists of 8 items. The results obtained demonstrate that reification exists; At the same time, the research shows that women's self-esteem was affected, as was body shame and the feeling of power; It is concluded that strategies must be created through multidisciplinary teams where reification is socialized with the objective of stopping normalizing these practicesItem Estilos de crianza y autoestima en adolescentes de la Fundacion Proyecto Don Bosco(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-02) Samaniego Lema, Maria Belen; Espín Miniguano, Anita DalilaParenting is one of the least studied aspects within Ecuadorian families, despite being a variable that impacts several dimensions of development. The goal of this research is to determine the influence of parenting styles on the self-esteem of adolescents in the Proyecto Don Bosco foundation, in the city of Ambato, in the year 2023. The methodology applied was quantitative, descriptive and correlational. 60 adolescents participated in the study: 22 females and 38 male. They were evaluated using two instruments: Parenting Styles and Intraparental Inconsistency Scale (De Iglesia et al., 2010) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). In the analysis of parenting, it was considered two dimensions: affective response and demandrequirement. For statistical correlation, the Spearman test was applied. The results for parenting show the prevalence of authoritarian style (55%) and negligent style (23.3%). The results for self-esteem show that 58.3% have a low level, 28.3% have a medium level, and 13.3% have a high level. Regarding the correlation between the variables, the association between demand and self-esteem shows a Spearman coefficient of -0.50; while the relation between response and self-esteem has a coefficient of 0.75. This shows that, if parents’ emotional response is high, the levels of children’s self-esteem achieve. On the contrary, if demand and inflexibility increases, the self-esteem in adolescents decreasesItem Factores Psicosociales y Salud Mental en Estudiantes Universitarios(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09) Garcés Chicaiza, Evelyn Estefanía; Pino Loza, Eulalia DoloresResearch is focused on examining psychosocial risk factors for mental health; we worked with factors such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, social skills, decision-making, optimism, resilience, personal satisfaction in the university context; seeking to identify risk factors and protective factors in university students. That is why the main objective of this research was to determine the influence of psychosocial factors on mental health in university students. The methodology used was the analytical - synthetic, hypothetical deductive method, thus being a quantitative investigation. The protective factors of mental health instrument were applied to 269 students of the Technical University of Ambato of the Faculty of Jurisprudence. The main results of the research are the identification of the psychosocial factors that influence mental health, in addition to showing that low self-esteem is one of the most deeply rooted mental health problems in university students; determining that resilience is a significantly influential protective and risk factor in mental health. Thus, the hypothesis that was obtained is that there is an influence of psychosocial factors that protect mental health in university students.Item Micromachismo y factores psicosociales en estudiantes Universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato,Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2022-09) Vega Guaman, Luz Clara; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaThe purpose of this research is to identify the “Micromachismos” and Psychosocial factors in the students of “social work” career at the Technical University of Ambato to enhance the university environment, with a descriptive and correlating nature, and a population made up of 168 students. Nowadays these behaviors are presented in a softened way, due to the normalization with which it is rooted in society, this is the finality of demonstrate the power and dominance through maneuvers that harm the integrity and female autonomy. However, these behaviors are related through of different psychosocial factors, whose results show us actions of devaluation towards women, acting with maneuvers that imposes masculine truths in order to maintain control in the couple. To carry out this research, a quantitative methodology was used, in which there were two questionnaires, for the dependent variable the "psychosocial behavioral imbalance" questionnaire was used, with eighty questions and nine dimensions that are emotional instability, aggressiveness, resentment , low self-esteem, mistrust, hopelessness, dependency, family maladjustment and social maladjustment while in the independent variable the questionnaire "Micromachismo” or microviolence in the couple relationship: An empirical approach" was used with twenty-five items, made up of four dimensions, coercive, covert, crisis and utilitarian. Finally, with the hypothesis verification we can see a positive correlation, because it was evidenced that psychosocial factors affect “micromachismo”, which shows us that university students practice these behaviors and affect comprehensive well-being.Item El clima familiar y el autoestima de las personas con discapacidad visual de la Unidad Educativa especializada para no videntes “Julius Doepfner” del Cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2021-02) Chicaiza Romero, Gioconda Lorena; Espín Miniguano, Anita DalilaThe objective of this research is to determine the incidence of family climate on the self-esteem of visually impaired people of the Specialized Educational Unit for Non-Seers "Julius Doephner" of the canton Ambato; With a qualitative and quantitative methodological approach, with the documentary bibliographic research modality, it was possible to identify that the most important factor to determine if there is a good family climate is the communication that exists between parents and children, such as; Likewise, the field research that using Rosemberng test research instruments, the students that measure the level of self-esteem, whose result reflects a total of 26 points, which indicates that self-esteem in this group is average, means that it does not present serious problems. , but it is necessary to work on it, leading to proposing that workshops be held periodically for students and parents, to socialize concepts and alternatives to improve the family environment, give guidelines for good communication and build trust among participants, In addition to this, it is also recommended to work in the self-esteem workshops used by the students directly to work on tactics that can correct self-esteem and self-confidence.