Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Reaprendizaje motor para mejorar el equilibrio dinámico mediante la ludoterapia en el adulto mayor(2025-03-11) López Sánchez, Francisco Xavier; Latta Sánchez, Maria Augusta; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosAging worsens the balance which is related with physical functionality and motor skills specially of older adults incorporating walking speed and strength. Determine the effect of the motor relearning to improve dynamic balance through the ludotherapy in older adults. In Ecuador there are many places where people meet to do several activities related with occupational therapy directed to the upper limb but they don’t work with lower limb that’s the reason why this research is important, in our country about 30 to 40% of older adults have a high risk of falls and about the 0,4 % of total older adults population belongs to Ambato City. Motor relearning helps to older adults throughout the personal and interactive participation while they develop their activities in a sure context, based in systems theories, cognitive psychology and neuroplasticity, the ludic platforms what are applied in this research were taken from another research about square stepping exercises, they were adapted in a different easier system of activities. That program is composed of 5 phases that lasted 16 weeks distributed according to the type of activity, with a duration of 10 to 45 minutes for each activity established in the program. The statistics results show differences between the obtained data at the beginning and at the end of this research for Tinetti Test we can appreciate changes of 0,05; the same changes are observed between initial and final results of TUG test, based in this results this program improve the dynamic balance through the ludotherapy in health older adults.Item Reaprendizaje motor de miembro inferior para mejorar el rendimiento visoespacial en adultos mayores(2025-03-11) López Córdova, Andrea Mercedes; Ortíz Villalba, Paola Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosAccording to CEPAL population aging is one of the main demographic phenomena in Latin America and the Caribbean, this group requires actions in several spheres, mainly in physical activities associated with activities of higher mental functions, especially visuospatial function. In the erderly motor relearning of the lower limb is considered as the set of internal processes associated with practice and experience that produce changes in motor activities related to visuospatial performance that allows us to analyze, understand and manage the space in which we live; will be the main axis of the investigation where 90 older adults from the Miñarica II and Huachi Grande Senior Clubs of the City of Ambato, Province of Tungurahua, participated; who were selected with non-probabilistic sampling with convenience selection, having a quantitative methodological approach because we are going to use instruments such as the MoCA test that will numerically indicate the performance of the cognitive abilities of the older adult, Tinetti scale that will assess walking and balance skills by scoring it numerically and Get up and Go that will allow us to have a diagnosis of the older adult's gait that contains numerical scores, It is a prospective, longitudinal, analytical and intervention study because a pre-test and a post-test will be applied after the intervention where motor relearning skills of the lower limb and visuospatial function will be analyzed. The results will be processed in the SPSS platform version 29.9 and the data will be analyzed with Student's t test for normal data and the Wilcoxon test for non-parametric data. The expected results will be to have improvements in said lower limb relearning and visuospatial function in each older adult; through intervention with a duration of at least 6 to 8 weeks to be able to have a significant change in visuospatial function in the elderly.Item Estrategia de estimulación oculomotora con luces led para mejorar el equilibrio del adulto mayor en la parroquia Quisapincha(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Chicaiza Untuña, Daysi Abigail; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía Lic. MSc.Introduction: Balance disorders limit the mobility of the elderly, reducing their physical abilities and increasing the risk of falls. Objective: To evaluate balance disorders in the elderly of the Quisapincha parish and determine the effectiveness of oculomotor stimulation with LED lights to improve it and reduce the risk of falls. Methods: A quantitative, observational study with intervention, longitudinal and prospective was designed. Fifteen older adults with balance disorders were included. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Berg tests were used to assess balance and gait, and the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) test was used to determine the nocturnal fear of falling. An intervention was carried out using led lights that signaled the path from the bed to the bathroom. The collected data was analyzed with Excel and IBMSPSS software using descriptive statistics and correlation tests. Results: Women represented 60%, aged 70 to 79 years. In the initial evaluation of the TUG 93.3% presented a slight risk of falling, in the Berg 60% a slight risk of falling and in the FES-I 33.3% rated their fear with a 6. After the intervention in the TUG 86.6% tube a normal evaluation, in the Berg 86.6% slight risk of falling and the FES-I 46.6% evaluated their fear with a 3. Conclusions: Oculomotor stimulation with LED lights allowed older adults to improve balance, gait and decrease the nocturnal fear of fallsItem Estrategia didáctica desarrolladora para la prevención de demencia en la atención primaria de salud como parte del perfeccionamiento curricular en la carrera de medicina con base en la caracterización neuro inmunológica de adultos mayores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Guayasamín Ortíz, Claudia Carolina; Acosta Acosta, Josué Dr. Esp.Introduction: Dementia constitutes a public health problem to be taken into account within the academic process of the medical career, since the role of the primary health care physician is fundamental in the screening of possible cognitive impairment in the elderly, which motivates the development of a didactic developmental strategy based on the neuro-immunological characterization of older adults. Goal: To develop a didactic strategy for the prevention of dementia in primary health care as part of the curricular improvement in the medical career based on the neuroimmunological characterization of older adults, identifying the competencies to be developed. Methodology: Descriptive qualitative, cross-sectional, qualitative study of period. It included students about to enter the rotating internship in the period September 2022 - August 2023 of the Medicine Career of the Technical University of Ambato, who according to their curriculum received Immunology, Neurology and Community Medicine IV, being a total of 52 students. Results: There is a greater lack of knowledge of general basic concepts about dementia, some students still confuse secondary dementias as primary, some students still need to develop skills for diagnosis, recognition of risk factors, knowledge of what should be identified for primary and secondary prevention, there is still confusion in the use of instruments for the evaluation of dementia in primary health care, they have little experience in the comprehensive management of dementia and do not feel prepared to implement their knowledge and skills of dementia in the community, which aims the strategy proposed in this development project. Conclusions: The strategy is developed based on the requirements of the students and the indicators correspond to the methodology of competency assessment