Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Adaptación pictográfica de la escala de Lawton y Brody auto evaluable en el adulto mayor(2025-03-11) Erazo Barona, Lissette Katherine; Moscoso Córdova, Grace Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosDuring the aging process, changes occur that affect various areas of the body, leading to a decrease in physical function and motor ability. These changes can restrict or reduce the ability to perform activities of daily living, especially the more complex ones, known as instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). These include tasks such as using the telephone, housekeeping, preparing meals, shopping, doing laundry, managing finances, taking medication, and using public transportation. Therefore, there is a need to assess functionality in the elderly population using the LawtonBrody Scale, a widely recognized instrument for measuring people's ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The functionality of elderly people from four cantons belonging to the province of Tungurahua was assessed, which is particularly important because this region, like many others, faces a progressive demographic aging. This implies that more and more people will reach advanced ages, and therefore, it is crucial to identify possible functional impairments early. This will allow the design and implementation of interventions aimed at improving their quality of life and maintaining their autonomy for as long as possible. The research identified the need to implement a modification of the scale to facilitate selfassessment of functionality. For this reason, it is very important to adapt the Lawton-Brody Scale pictographically, which would allow the elderly population to self-assess in a more accessible and understandable way, in this way they can know their functional status and request help in time if necessary. The use of simple visual representations of the activities to be assessed is especially beneficial for those people with cognitive difficulties or reading limitations, as it reduces comprehension barriers and promotes a more intuitive assessment. This adaptation not only facilitates the direct participation of older adults in their own assessment, but would also improve the accuracy of the results by better reflecting their personal perception of their functional abilities.Item INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL Y ADAPTACIÓN SOCIAL EN ADOLESCENTES(2025-03-05) Jácome Carvajal, Joselyn Paola; Rodríguez Pérez, Mayra Lucía; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaAdolescence is a stage of multiple biopsychosocial challenges. Emotional intelligence is considered as the ability to recognize and understand one's own emotions and those of others. Likewise, social adaptation implies the ability to form positive relationships, comply with social norms and expectations. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and social adaptation in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. A quantitative approach with a non-experimental design and correlational scope was used. The Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Inventory: youth version was used to assess emotional intelligence, and the Self-Applied Social Adaptation Scale (SASS) was used to assess social adaptation. The results indicated that in both variables the adequate level predominated: 64.4% in emotional intelligence and 88.1% in social adaptation, there is no statistically significant difference between the mean of males M=78.1 and females M=79.1 (U=1135, p>0.05) and there is no significant correlation between the two variables in this group of adolescents (Rho=0.127, p>0.05). This suggests that the levels of emotional intelligence remain independent in the face of social adaptation, which implies that they are not directly related in this study.Item Relato de vivencias de un paciente con insuficiencia renal cronica en base al modelo de callista Roy(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermeria, 2022-09) Moreira Proaño, Leslie Elizabeth; Velasco Acurio, Evelyn Fernanda Lic. Mg.A adaptação de pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica (IRC) submetidos a procedimentos invasivos exige uma série de alterações físicas e psicológicas muito significativas. Objetivo: Relatar as experiências de um paciente com Insuficiência Renal Crônica com base no modelo de Callista Roy. Método: Pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo fenomenológico exploratório. Foram analisadas as vivências de um paciente com Insuficiência Renal Crônica em tratamento dialítico, escolhido de acordo com os seguintes critérios de inclusão: maior de idade e familiar. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista semiestruturada baseada no modelo de Callista Roy, explorando o processo de adaptação, função fisiológica, autoconceito e função do papel de cuidador presentes nas experiências relatadas pelo mesmo paciente. Resultados: As informações obtidas mostram que a adaptação de uma doença envolve diversos aspectos sociais, fisiológicos, psicológicos e culturais, desencadeando níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão pelo simples fato de seu estilo de vida gerar um impacto negativo, razão pela qual busca melhorar a qualidade de vida de cada paciente que tem uma doença crônica e recebe tratamento por toda a vida, adaptando-se assim às novas mudanças. Conclusões: Existe capacidade de adaptação e enfrentamento em pacientes com Insuficiência Renal Crônica e que recebem tratamento dialítico, mostrando tendências estáveis no uso de estratégias para melhorar a qualidade de vidaItem “Apoyo social percibido y calidad de vida en adultos mayores del hogar de Ancianos Sagrado Corazón de Jesús”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2019-03-01) Cordonez Jara, Jessica Nataly; Moreno Martín, Mónica Lic. Msc.The research project with the theme "Perceived social support and quality of life in elderly people in the nursing home Sacred Heart of Jesus" have, OMS considers older people to reach the age of 60 years. Old age brings physical, economic and functional modifications. The living conditions of the population and the availability of health services have accelerated in Latin America and the Caribbean. They help maintain independence, establish meaningful lifestyles, adapt to changes, develop self-care strategies, the context of culture and value system. Establish the relationship between perceived social support and quality of life, the application of the survey instrument based on the Multidimensional Scale of Social Support Perceived by Zimet and the Quality of Life Scale, older adults can almost always talk about their problems with their friends, sometimes people who are interested in what they feel. In physical functionality, 86.66% state that they often move aided by a cane or another person, indicates that physical functionality interferes with their quality of life, 54.54%, often maintain relationships with their friends and neighbors; Monetary situation 59.46% are sometimes satisfied with the economic conditions, they can almost always express their family feel and think, 29.03% are almost always able to take care of themselves, the nursing home is defined by the subjects themselves fears in front of to the uncertainty of the future The perception of social support if it influences quality of life.Item “Relaciones intrafamiliares y su influencia en la adaptación social de los estudiantes del 1ro, 2do y 3er año de bachillerato de la unidad educativa Vicente Anda Aguirre de Mocha”.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2017-01-01) Llanganate Yanchatipan, Laura Margarita; Robayo Carrillo, Jessy Mariana Ps.Cl. Mg.The different dimensions that involve intrafamily relationships, greatly influence the human being, therefore, indicates a huge influence on the development of the human being. The main objective of the research is to determine if there is influence of intrafamilial relationships in social adaptation in a population of 109 adolescents, in an age range of 14-17 years, where two psychometric reagents were used: Intra-family relations ERI and the self-applied social adaptation scale SASS. The research is composed by the context, where there are diverse assessments of both variables in several studies, authors and other entities at the macro, meso and micro level, also has the proper justification where it explains the importance of this study and the benefits which allows to know the possible influence between both variables. It also explains the objectives to be fulfilled with the realization of the present project. The research has the theoretical framework and its due state of the art, where the results and conclusions of several investigations that have been made with each one of the variables are presented, the terms and theories of authors of books, magazines scientific articles, scientific articles and theses, which were used to support the study. It also describes the type of research that was carried out, the population that was employed, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the ethical aspects that were taken into account for this project, due to the fact that they worked with adolescents. We have a tabulation of the psychometric reagents, which are described with their frequency table, graphs and their due analysis and interpretation of results, and also to test the alternative hypothesis we performed the chi-square test where the influence is evidenced of intra-family relationships with the social adaptation of adolescents. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations are based on the objectives set at the beginning of the research.