Ciencias de la Salud
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Item CUIDADOS DE ENFERMERÍA EN LA FOTOTERAPIA NEONATAL(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-29) Verdezoto Andrade, Elvia Jhoanna; Chileno Camacho, Luis FelipeIntroduction: Newborn phototherapy, which uses blue light to convert bilirubin into soluble compounds, is critical for lowering serious levels and preventing complications in neonatal ictericia. Enfermeros play an important role in the administration and supervision of this therapy, ensuring safety and collaboration with other health professionals. This review emphasizes the need of interprofessional education and provides a thorough examination of nursing practices. Methodology: A non-experimental quantitative literature review was conducted, with a focus on phototherapy and pediatric care. PRISMA and Google Scholar yielded 1517 results, with work in Spanish and English taking precedence (2018-2023). 50 articles on neonatology practices, protocols, nursing participation, and interprofessional communication were chosen. Discussion: Researchers are looking at the efficacy and safety of newborn phototherapy, focusing on the efficacy of LED phototherapy and potential risks such as ADN and retina damage. Alternatives are being considered. The role of nurses in phototherapy is also highlighted, as is their ongoing training and collaboration with parents in newborn units. Communication and interdisciplinarity emerge as essential in medical environments, emphasizing the need of communication in care teams. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need of understanding the fundamentals of newborn phototherapy, active participation of nursing professionals in its administration and monitoring, and multidisciplinary collaboration in the medical team.Item Intervención educativa para madres de neonatos en el reconocimiento temprano de hiperbilirrubinemia patológica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Sánchez Aldaz, Kimberly Gabriela; Guarate Coronado, Yeisy Cristina Dra.Introduction: Pathological hyperbilirubinemia, also know as neonatal jaundice, is one of the most common pathologies in the newborn that presents as yellow pigmentation at the level of skin and mucous membranes reflecting a temporary alteration between the elimination and production of bilirubin. Objective: To develop and educational intervention for mothers of neonates in the early recognition of pathological hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: Quantitative, explanatory, quasiexperimental before and after research designed to access the level of knowledge of mothers about the early recognition of pathological hyperbilirubinemia. The population consisted of the postpartum women hospitalized in the maternity and neonatology services of a general hospital who were tested before and after the educational intervention. Results: The data obtained in the pre-test indicated that knowledge was scarce in relation in the pathology, after the educational intervention it was evident that the mothers showed a basic knowledge for an early recognition of hyperbilirubinemia. Discussion: The importance of an educational intervention on pathological hyperbilirubinemia lies in the fact that mothers can easily identify and recognize the clinical manifestations of it. It is important to emphasize that through a timely and appropriate educational intervention it is possible to understand the strategies of prevention and treatment of the disease avoiding future complications. Conclusion: The educational intervention is useful for the acquisition of knowledge related to a particular topic, in this case, the mothers demonstrated basic knowledge related to pathological hyperbilirubinemiaItem Determinación de la Hormona Estimulante de la Tiroides (Tsh) y su relación con la Bilirrubina en Recién Nacidos con Ictericia(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-10-01) Moreno Moreno, Janeth Alexandra.; Tinajero Vásconez, María Fernanda B.Q.FJaundice is a yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes caused by the impregnation of bilirubin in the skin. Too much bilirubin is called hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn can cause brain damage called kernicterus. The thyroid is a gland located in the front of the neck, responsible for the secretion of thyroid hormones, thyroxine or T4, and triiodothyronine or T3. These hormones regulate important aspects of growth, development and functions of cells, organs and systems, metabolism of the heart, digestive tract and reproductive system, including neurons in the brain, these are affected when you do not have adequate levels. The main objective of the research is to determine the values of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), free thyroxine values (FT4) and bilirubin in newborns with jaundice. An observational, descriptive, experimental and field research was conducted in the Department of Neonatology Provincial General Hospital in Latacunga October 2015 to March 2016. The enzymatic method was used for the determination of bilirubin and for determination of TSH and FT4 Immunoassay electrochemiluminescence "ECLIA" was used. The sample consisted of 50 newborns with jaundice who were in the area of neonatology Provincial General Hospital in Latacunga. Newborns may have jaundice when total bilirubin levels reach higher figures than 2.5 mg / dL and usually have two types of jaundice. Physiologic jaundice appears after 24 hours old, poses no harm to the newborn but is used as heliotherapy treatment is the use of sunlight. Pathological jaundice appears in the first 24 hours after birth, the newborn should receive immediate treatment to prevent severe damage. In the research we had 39 newborns who had physiological jaundice corresponding to 78% and 11 newborns had jaundice pathological corresponding to 22%. Infants who have low levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and high or normal levels of free thyroxine (FT4) tell us that the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone and cause hyperthyroidism and newborns who have high levels TSH and low or normal FT4 values we indicate that the thyroid gland is not working properly and does not produce enough thyroid hormone and cause hypothyroidism. In research had 43 infants who had a normal diagnosis corresponding to 86%, 5 infants had a diagnosis of hypothyroidism is 10% and 2 newborns had a diagnosis of hyperthyroidism corresponding to 4%. Treatment for hypothyroidism should be administered levothyroxine and if you have hyperthyroidism is administered propranolol in the acute phase to reduce clinical symptoms or also radioactive iodine you get the same results but because of the risk of leukemia and cancer rarely used in pediatrics. In some cases surgical treatment is necessary.Item Pileflebitis Asociado A Absceso de Psoas Iliaco en Adulto Mayor(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-06-01) Rodríguez Toapanta, Lissette Estefanía; Chuchuca Serrano, Jorge Ricardo Dr.Pylephlebitis of intraabdominal infectious origin (psoas abscess) in the elderly is rare. It is defined as septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein and superior mesenteric, considered a complication for any infectious focus is intra-abdominal or pelvic drained by the branches of the portal venous system is triggered. The case of a male patient of 68 years with a clinical picture of 15-day history of fever, abdominal pain and bloating, jaundice, edema of the left thigh and lumbar region ipsilateral mass is presented. Abdominal radiography at admission showed an obstructive pattern of small intestine; ultrasound revealed purulent soft tissue and muscles of the left lower back. Surgical drainage of the collection was made and subsequently CT abdomen and pelvis in which iliopsoas muscle abscess, which then opens spontaneously into abdominal cavity was shown. Septic condition of the patient from admission required ICU management, its evolution was not satisfactory; pylephlebitis a dialog with intrahepatic abscesses refractory to treatment was started. He remained hospitalized in unstable condition, family requested discharge; patient died at home after a few days. In 1990, mortality was 70%, today it is 25% thanks to technological advances in imaging and antibiotic therapy. However in rural and limited economic capacity areas access to these resources remains a challengeItem Fistula Biliar con Síndrome de Mirizzi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-05-01) Salguero Lozada, Johana Monserrath; Blacio Villa, Carlos Omar Dr.SUMMARY This study analyzes the clinical case of a patient Fistula Bladder Syndrome Mirizzi, disease, biliary tract is one of the most common diseases in the surgery department, and Mirizzi syndrome is one of the infrequent complications of these pathologies but with timely and appropriate treatment can be prevented. This is a female patient of 22 years who presented to the Emergency “Hospital Provincial Docente Ambato” on several occasions for a month to present epigastric pain radiating to the right upper quadrant where it is treated as a disease peptic acid, the day of admission exacerbated box, characterized by abdominal pain of great intensity that is accompanied by nausea, vomiting arriving food content once. Patient oriented physical painful on palpation examination consents right upper quadrant, abdominal soft depressible. Where it is treated with acid peptic disease diagnosis by not improve the picture communicates surgery which valued decide, request additional examinations and imaging; eco reports cholecystitis - cholelithiasis so their income is decided and surgical treatment is performed to the three patient days jaundice and decided to perform ERCP reporting dilated bile duct 8mm, 5mm choledocholithiasis with calculation. Papillotomy calculation is performed and is removed, after which bile output is displayed in height forming a small cystic bilioma.Item Colestasis Neonatal(2016-05-01) Muñoz Arévalo, Johanna Gabriela; Vaca Pazmiño, Carlos Fernando Dr. PhD.The following case was taken as an object of study due to hyperbilirubinemia is one of the biggest causes of admission to the neonatology service, however colestaisi by biliary atresia is a case with low incidence. It is a 27 days of life female patient who is born with Apgar 8/9 atermino without any history of importance,the patient comes with 2 days of suffer of widespread Jaundice besides coluria and physical examination .At acolia jaundiced tint, palpable liver. The patient is admitted with diagnosis of pathological jaundice, Bilirubin Total 31.2 mg / dl, Direct Bilirubin 21.94 mg / dl, reticulocytes 0.4%, while hospitalized multiple routine exams are performed to rule out pathologies that relate to this type of symptomatology such as sepsis and metabolic problems. The obtained results were within normal values; nevertheless,due to the persisting symptoms, a new abdominal eco is made, which reported mild hepatic growth with choledochal dilatation. Taking this as indirect signs of biliary atresia. Consequently she is transferred to Hospital Vaca Ortiz where colangioresonancia is done, confirming diagnosis. Currently,the patient is on palliative treatment on hold of surgical resolution .