Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Fisioterapia para mejorar las respuestas sensoriales y funcionales en tobillo y pie en pacientes con neuropatía periférica diabética(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) García Camacho, Víctor Manuel; Espín Pastor, Victoria Estefanía Lic. Msc.Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common pathologies in the world, for this reason the present study had the purpose of determining the effect of physiotherapeutic intervention strategies on sensory and functional responses in the ankle and foot in patients with DPN. The evaluations were carried out on two occasions, before and after the intervention, the evaluations of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument test, which contains two parts, the first has a form of 15 questions about the symptoms, while the second part, itself is the physical examination, the following tests were the 10g SemmesWeinstein monofilaments and the manual dynamometer test in the ankle and foot. The research project included 17 patients, the physiotherapy intervention consisted of strengthening exercises for platiflexion, dorsiflexion and intrinsic foot muscles, and balance, for a period of 8 weeks, for one day of supervision and the rest for patients independently. The results consisted of the Michigan test, the results did not show significant changes, while the Monofilament test and the manual dynamometry test, the changes were significantlywith a value of p= <0.00. Concluding that the application of the exercisesof ankle and foot showed positive changes for foot and ankle sensitivity and strength, xii while there were no significant changes to improve symptoms and signs according to the Michigan test.Item Estrategias de intervención fisioterapéutica en muñeca y mano para mejorar las respuestas sensoriales y funcionales en pacientes con neuropatía periférica diabética(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Naranjo Quinteros, Juan Gabriel; Reales Chacón, Lisbeth Josefina Dra.Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a pathology that affects both sensory and motor neurons, causing a decrease in sensitivity, nerve conduction velocity, as well as affecting hand dexterity and maximum grip strength. The aim of this study was to perform a physiotherapeutic intervention on the hand and wrist for 8 weeks to improve their sensory and functional responses. It was performed under a quantitative - analytical, prospective longitudinal approach, applying the evaluation instruments whose results were statistically analyzed by means of the SPSS program. For this purpose, 34 patients with NPD were required at the beginning, but only 17 were able to complete the 8 weeks of intervention. They were subjected to evaluations which consisted of assessing their sensory responses (tactile, thermal, vibratory, pressure and reflex sensitivity) and functional responses (maximum grip strength by dynamometry) before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of resistance exercises to strengthen wrist and hand flexor and extensor muscles. The results showed that the individuals significantly im proved their grip strength compared to their initial state (p=0.000) there was also a significant improvement in the percentage of reflex evaluation (17.6% normal at the beginning - 76.5% at the end). The data obtained from the evaluation of sensitivity had positive results; however, the initial and final relationship was not significant (p=0.323). The findings showed that it wasxii demonstrated that. The intervention with physiotherapeutic exercise in wrist and hand served to improve sensory and functional responses in the population with NPD.Item Estrategias de intervención con movilizaciones neurales para mejorar las respuestas sensoriales y funcionales en la neuropatía periférica diabética(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Mayorga Reinoso, Alba Selena; Reales Chacón, Lisbeth Josefina Dra.Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a condition in which glucose levels are not normal and cause damage to peripheral nerve fibers causing diabetic neuropathy, being the most frequent the sensory-motor, whose symptoms include altered tactile perception, temperature, loss of sensation in hands and feet. The evidence of treatments that include neural mobilization is limited, so the aim of this study is to determine whether intervention strategies with neural mobilization improve sensory and functional responses in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. A quantitative-analytical, prospective longitudinal study was carried out. Applying the instruments and whose results were statistically evaluated through the SSPSS program. The instruments applied correspond to a clinical record for the collection of relevant data such as age, sex, BMI, personal pathological history, the Michigan test that carries a questionnaire of 15 questions related to the symptoms in the last week and an exploratory physical examination to know the patient's condition (foot morphology, skin condition, ulcers, amputations), evaluation of tactile and thermal sensitivityxiv (dermatomas: C5, C6, C7, C8, T1, L2, L3, L4, L5, S1, S2) and vibratory (olecranon, radial styloid, external malleolus and hallux), dynamometry where the maximum hand grip strength and foot dorsiflexion strength are evaluated; these instruments applied pre and post treatment. Being a small sample, the entire population of 37 diabetic individuals was included in the intervention with neural mobilizations of sliding type for the median, radial, ulnar, sciatic and peroneal nerves, in daily sessions during 8 weeks. In the relationship of variables, the Student's T revealed data of a significant improvement in this group since the second evaluation obtained positive results after the intervention, where the strategies of sliding neural mobilization for upper and lower limb are optimal to reduce symptoms such as cramps, numbness, loss of sensitivity to touch, temperature and vibration in hands and feet. However, these strategies do not affect foot morphology and skin appearance. These results provide reliability of neural mobilization as a conservative treatment in diabetic peripheral neuropathyItem Aplicación de estrategias de estimulación sensorial para niños con retraso psicomotor menores de 5 años(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2022-05-01) Chato Rochina, Lorena Alejandra; Grace Verónica, Moscoso Córdova Lic. Mg.Currently there are various drawbacks in the psychomotor development of children, this is due to the limited stimulation they have received as a result of the pandemic, in addition to the difficulties in the child's sensory area, which makes it difficult to adapt to the environment as well as consequences in the educational field. For this reason, the objective of the research is to determine the level of psychomotor development of children from 3 to 5 years of age who attend the Huambalo type B health center to identify the criteria that allow the elaboration of sensory stimulation strategies for their application in the children population; An extensive bibliographic review is necessary to understand, understand and theoretically base the research based on the variables under study such as sensory stimulation and psychomotor development. The methodology used has a quantitative, descriptive and prospective approach, using the Denver II Test as a research tool in areas such as personal-social, fine-adaptive motor, language and large motor; in a total of 30 children aged 3, 4 and 5 years of the Health Center type B Huambalo, obtaining as results that in the social personal more than 50% in the different ages is in the doubtful alternative, as well as fine motor that at the age of 3 years is 75% in the same alternative, in the language area it is established with greater inconveniences at the age of 3 years with 58% and finally in large motor in the three ages it is between 58% and 63% at the doubtful age. Highlighting as a conclusion that in the adaptive fine motor area in most children it was observed in the dimension of doubtful, that is, the children evaluated do not develop coordinated movements, do not have adequate control in their fine movements and have difficulty in actions according to their age.Item Elaboración de un tablero sensorial para estimular la discriminación táctil en niños y niñas de 1 a 5 años con discapacidad visual.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2022-05-01) Aguiar Gaibor, Viviana Carolina Lcda.; Camino, Jonathan Vinicio Lcdo. Mg.The research was developed with the theme: "Development of a sensory board to stimulate tactile discrimination in boys and girls from 1 to 5 years of age with visual impairment", with a population of 15 infants, which x corresponded to the male sex and x of gender feminine, it was proposed as an objective to determine the level of tactile development in boys and girls from 1 to 5 years of age with visual impairment of the Julius Doephner School that allows identifying the criteria for the development of a sensory board, the Leonardth Scale was used and Reynell-Zinkin scale; and from baseline, tactile discrimination was stimulated by the material. The methodological process was developed with the sensory board according to the milestones of the infant and the characteristics of the tactile area. The evaluation was carried out to establish the level of tactile discrimination and sensory development, which are stimulated and developed through the sensory board.Item Beneficios de la estimulación sensorial en el desarrollo psicomotor de los niños de 2 – 4 años.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-03-01) Amán Cuadrado, Pamela Alejandra Lcda; Martínez Cosme, Arturo Dr.Introduction: To evaluate psychomotor development in early ages, helps to detect early developmental delays in children. Sensory stimulation has become the fundamental pillar for children to have a better development. General objective: To determine the psychomotor and sensory development of children from 2 to 4 years of age for the elaboration of a project of sensory, proprioceptive and vestibular intervention. Methodology: A quantitative, analytical, prospective approach study was developed in which 40 children were evaluated that included the ages of 2 - 4 years, in which it was possible to determine how sensory stimulation influenced the adequate psychomotor development of the child. Results: Of the 40 children evaluated, it was possible to identify that 12 children are in risk zone and 4 children are retarded. It was evident that children in this category are those whose mothers did not allow them to explore at an earlier age and present some rejection of various stimuli from the environment. Conclusions: It is concluded that sensory stimulation positively helps the proper psychomotor development of children. In addition, a guide to sensory stimulation activities was established.Item “El tablero sensorial en el desarrollo cognitivo en niños de 1 a 2 años”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2019-04-01) Tarco Cóndor, Claudia Alexandra; Mantilla García, Jimena Paola Lcd. PhD.The research was developed with the theme: "The sensorial board in cognitive development in children from 1 to 2 years", with a population of 15 infants which 10 infants corresponded to male and 5 female, was proposed as a goal to determine the baseline of cognitive development, the "Battelle" Development Inventory Test was used; and from the baseline, stimulation activities for cognitive development were applied through the sensory board. The methodological process was developed with the sensory board according to the milestones of the infant and characteristics of the cognitive area, the panels of the board were reviewed by experts and approved the same after having done three pilot tests and an observation card. The initial evaluation was carried out to establish the level of cognitive development, in the parameters weak points, normal and strong points; In the population under study, Pre-test and post-test was observed, analyzed and described. The results show an adequate increase in the development of skills and abilities in the cognitive area.Item “La estimulación sensorial en el desarrollo psicomotriz de los niños de 4 a 5 años”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2018-10-01) Cáceres Urrutia, Pamela Liliana; Troya Ortiz, Elsa VerónicaLic.Mg.The following research project has as its theme "Sensory stimulation in the psychomotor development of children from 4 to 5 years", for which there was a population of 25 children of which 9 children and 16 girls. In order to obtain the necessary information and to raise the baseline, the Scale of evaluation of psychomotor skills in pre-school was evaluated: Locomotion, balance, positions, coordination of legs, coordination of arms, hand coordination, body scheme in itself, outline body in others. Two evaluations were applied, a pre-test that allows to determine the condition of each of the beneficiary children to later design and apply a guide of sensory activities focused on psychomotor development. After this a pos test is done to make a comparison between the results of the evaluation finding favorable results and improving psychomotor skills in infants. It is concluded that it is necessary to apply an evaluation instrument to understand the potential of each of the children, as well as detect possible problems in the development and provide an appropriate treatment according to the needs of the infant; On the other hand, the application of sensory techniques to improve the psychomotor development of children is indispensable.Item “Estimulación sensorial en el desarrollo motor grueso de niños con lesiones neurológicas del centro terapéutico Multisensory.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2018-04-01) Porras Porras, Dayana Coralía; Valladares López, Victoria Elisa Lcda. Mg.The current research is held based on the topic: “Sensory Stimulation in the development of the gross motor on children who present a neurological lesion (brain palsy) from The Centro Terapéutico Multisensory”. The research takes into account a total sample of 14 children between the ages of 4 and 3 years whose genders are 11 male and 3 female. It employs the Gross Motor Function Measure Test in order to get the accurate information needed to stablish the percentiles. The test allows measuring the following 5 parameters: prone, crowing and knees, standing, marching, running and jumping at the same time. In order to develop this project we’ll start with a prior evaluation which will be helpful to stablish the initial physical condition of our patients. This will be useful because it will allows us to determine the precise techniques to be employed in each patient taking into consideration the development of the gross motor. After that, a second evaluation is done in order to make comparisons between the two results of the treatment. It pointed out positive results because the research shows an increase of a 10 - 40 % on each children’s motor abilities as well as the skills; leading into a factual percentage of 20 in the overall range and items assessed. To sum up I can state that on one hand it’s necessary to apply a measuring instrument to understand the strengths of each patient in order to provide the most accurate and appropriate treatment; on the other hand it is essential to apply sensory techniques as a therapeutic method of patient’s rehabilitation for those who suffers a neurological lesion.Item “La estimulación sensorial en el desarrollo cognitivo en niños de 3 a 4 años con deficiencia mental en el Instituto especial de la cuidad de Latacunga.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Estimulación Temprana, 2017-04-01) Misse Santacruz, Doris Andrea; Troya Ortiz, Elsa Verónica Lcda. Mg.This research emphasizes sensory stimulation for children´s cognitive development, also it achieves linking each of the sensations acquired in the environment him the Latacunga´s Special Institute Sensory Stimulation is essential for children suffering from mental deficiency and the generation of strategies is needed to cope with the proper handling of children, the research is directed to the integral development of children using sensory stimulation in a specific area, was necessary to called the bibliographical information in order to understand the magnitudes of the problems in children three to four years with the help of assessments specific information of the main problems and thanks to the interpretation of the results was achieved becomes feasible, finally conclusions were established, so a viable option for treating these children to improve alternative development is a suitable way to enjoy a full and human life.