Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad San Juan cantón Tisaleo provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-06) Sailema Cholota, Lourdes Guadalupe; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The Wastewater Treatment Plant of the San Juan community was carried out because it presented different problems such as structural deterioration in the treatment train, deficiency in the wastewater purification processes and the presence of vegetation in all hydraulic units, this due to the lack of proper maintenance on the system. The evaluation began with the topographic survey and collection of information on the current state of the WWTP, then the measurement of flows in the influent and effluent was carried out to obtain the day of greatest demand that served to take composite samples that were sent to the laboratory. to analyze the most important parameters and compare them with the regulations, the same ones that demonstrated non-compliance with ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphate; A diagnosis of all the hydraulic structures was carried out, resulting in the septic tank and the drying bed meeting their objective, however there were problems with the distributor box and the trickling filter. For this reason, improvements were proposed such as the placement of a new screening grid that complies with the parameters established in CONAGUA, redesign of the sprinkling system in the biological filter to eliminate the non-contact area of the filter bed, uniformly distributing the effluent and the construction of a secondary decanter to recover the biomass generated from the biological filter; finally, an operation and maintenance manual for the plant's hydraulic units was created with their respective frequency and reference budget.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Manzanapamba grande de la parroquia Salasaca del cantón Pelileo de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Sarabia Oñate, Frank Israel; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The present work developed the technical evaluation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the Manzanapamba Grande sector, which presented a series of symptoms which indicate problems in it: growth of vegetation, presence of odors and increase in insects. . . Firstly, information was collected from the treatment units, a study of the influent and effluent was carried out for thirty days with the objective of determining those with the highest load in the plant. Once the hydraulic behavior of the plant was known, to obtain a characteristic sample, composite samples of the inlet and outlet flow were taken, laboratory analyzes continued to verify compliance with. with the TUSLMA 2015 regulations for the discharge of wastewater; These analyzes were relevant since it was obtained: that the parameters established in the regulations are not fully complied with; Next, the evaluation of each unit was carried out, where problems were detected in the drying of the sludge bed and the trickling filter. Based on the above, the respective improvements were made to said units. Then, a technical solution was investigated for non-compliance with the regulations in one of its parameters, which was ammoniacal nitrogen, where bioremediation was proposed. For each improvement, a proper budget was prepared; finally, an operation manual was created.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector El Chilco - La Esperanza del cantón Tisaleo de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Sisa Aguagallo, Alex Gustavo; Moya Medina, Dilon Germán
    The various problems existing in the Treatment Plant such as unpleasant odors, deficiency in the wastewater treatment processes, lack of signage of the units, the excessive growth of unwanted vegetation within the facilities and units of the plant as a result of the lack of maintenance and an operation manual carried out the evaluation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the El Chilco – La Esperanza neighborhood of the Tisaleo canton. For the experimental work, it began with the collection of information, the topographic survey and the dimensions of each existing component in the WWTP. The times of highest demand were determined, measuring the inlet and outlet flows of the WWTP, and composite samples of the influent and effluent were collected and then analyzed for physicochemical characteristics in a laboratory to determine water quality parameters. These results were verified with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that the pH levels are within the range, according to the TULSMA, COD and BOD5 do not meet the efficiency values, so a FAFA is implemented. In addition, an analysis of each hydraulic unit was carried out, and it was concluded that all of them meet the criteria established in the design guidelines and manuals for water treatment facilities. To conclude, proposals are presented that include the incorporation of floating macrophytes in the anaerobic filter that was previously implemented, in addition to a specific operation and maintenance manual for the WWTP
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del barrio Cuicuno de la parroquia Guaytacama perteneciente al cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi – Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Arias Meneses, Jazmín Sthephany; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar Eduardo
    The evaluation of the Cuicuno neighborhood treatment plant is necessary because the WWTP presents an evident deterioration of the infrastructure, lack of functionality and odor problems, this is a fundamental process to ensure its operational efficiency, regulatory compliance and environmental sustainability. This periodic review will make it possible to identify areas for improvement, optimize processes and guarantee the quality of the treated effluent before it is discharged into the environment. The evaluation began with a detailed analysis of the plant and its infrastructure, including a review of the treatment equipment and systems that make up the WWTP, such as sand traps, biological filters, and septic tanks. Treatment capacity was evaluated based on current and projected demand to ensure that the plant is adequately sized. In addition, the efficiency of the treatment process was analyzed by measuring key parameters, laboratory tests and online monitoring are carried out to assess the performance of the WWTP. The assessment also included an analysis of compliance with local and national environmental standards and regulations. Compliance with various parameters such as BOD, COD, pH and heavy metals were obtained within the results, these results ensure that the effluent does not cause negative impacts on the receiving environment. In conclusion, it was possible to corroborate that the WWTP does work, but only partially. The results of the assessment will provide a roadmap for implementing improvements, ensuring that the plant continues to be a vital part of protecting the environment and public health.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en el barrio sur San Miguel de la parroquia Mulliquindil de Santa Ana, cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Fernández Atiaja, Alex Steven; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The assessment of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) was conducted due to various issues, including unwanted vegetation proliferation and unpleasant odors within the facilities and surrounding areas, resulting from inadequate system maintenance. The experimental work began with data collection and a topographic survey of the component dimensions. Additionally, the inflow and outflow flow rates of the treatment plant were measured to determine peak demand hours. Composite samples of influent and effluent were collected and analyzed for physicochemical characteristics in a laboratory. In order to determine the most important parameters for water quality, these results were compared with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that pH, COD, BOD5, suspended solids, and total solids levels, with the exception of ammonia nitrogen, were below the permissible limits for discharge into a freshwater body. Furthermore, a diagnosis was carried out for each hydraulic unit of the WWTP, determining that, except for the sludge drying bed, all units meet the parameters established in the design guides and manuals for treatment plants. Lastly, proposed solutions included implementing floating macrophytes on the surface of the upflow anaerobic filter, redesigning the sludge drying bed with a cover, and creating an operation and maintenance manual for the WWTP along with its corresponding budget estimate.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la parroquia rural Once de Noviembre, cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-02) Moreano Panchi, Erik Ricardo; Frías Torres, Alex Xavier
    In order to mitigate the problems of water contamination from a conventional sewage system and that it is returned to the environment with its zero harmful load of contaminants, with the purpose of determining if the treated water that is returned to a source of fresh water complies with the provisions of the TULSMA 2015. Information was collected from the sector where the WWTP is located; Using the volumetric method, we proceeded to collect data on the flows of the tributary and effluent; Taking the NTE INEN 2 176:1998 and NTE INEN 2 169:1998 standards as a reference, residual water sampling was carried out at the entrance and exit of the WWTP, to analyze its physical-chemical characteristics in the laboratory; then the comparison was made with the discharge parameters established by the TULSMA 2015, where it was verified that the total phosphorus, ammoniacal nitrogen, COD and BOD, do not comply with the provisions of the current standard, for which we proceeded to search a proposal to improve the aforementioned parameters. Finally, a new treatment train was proposed, incorporating a Screening, Sand Trap, Septic Tank, FAFA and dried sludge bed, so that the residual water treated in the WWTP could theoretically remove 90 percent of the contaminants efficiently; In addition, an operation and maintenance plan for the WWTP was proposed to guarantee its useful life.