Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector condesan de la parroquia Quisapincha del cantón Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Campaña Ávila, Génesis Betsabé; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The treatment plant under study is designed for the treatment of domestic wastewater; however, despite the fact that the WWTP is operational, its operation causes inconvenience to the inhabitants of the surrounding areas and those who pass through the sector, since it emits bad odors, causing environmental pollution. This research was carried out in three stages: the first was a topographic survey of the plant area, which is 586.15 square meters, and data was collected on its components and system (distribution tank, valve box, revision boxes, septic tank, upflow anaerobic filter, sludge drying bed, outlet well). In the second, the maximum wastewater flows of the influent and effluent of the treatment plant for 30 days for 8 hours per day were estimated using a quantitative method, as well as the analysis of the composite sample that was tested in the Quality Control Laboratory of the Public Company EP-EMAPA-A, using qualitative methodology, in order to verify whether the pollutant load of the WWTP complies with the parameters of the TULSMA 2015 regulations, Book VI: Table 8. Discharge limits to the public sewage system and Table 9. Discharge limits to a freshwater body. As a result, an operation and maintenance plan was proposed for the WWTP. It is worth mentioning that the efficiency of the treatment plant is favorable, even though there is no adequate maintenance and cleaning of the area in question.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Valle Hermoso Artezón perteneciente al cantón San Pedro de Pelileo, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Atiencia Gavilanez, Javier Mateo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The Wastewater Treatment Plant from Valle Hermoso Artezón community, surrounded by houses and extensive crop fields, has generated inconvenience to residents due to bad odors and lack of maintenance. Although the plant has shown favorable efficiency in its treatment process, its maintenance has been found to be insufficient. The study of the plant began with the collection of data corresponding to its components (Distributor Tank, Catchment Tank, Septic Tank, Biological Filter, Descending Filter, Sludge Drying Bed). The maximum flows of wastewater were estimated both at the entrance and at the exit of the plant. A composite sample of the influent and the effluent was made, which was tested in the quality control laboratory of the EMAPA Public Company, which allowed determining the pollutant load treated in the plant and was compared with the parameters established in the TULSMA 2015 standard. The analysis of the wastewater treatment procedure at the plant confirmed that it was operating correctly, since the efficiency obtained for each parameter analyzed in the laboratory was positive, indicating that no changes should be made to its treatment train. Additionally, an operation and maintenance plan was established to improve various aspects of the plant, the construction of a cover for the sludge drying bed was proposed, with the aim of guaranteeing its function of dehydrating the sludge that is discharged from the Septic Tank.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Playa Grande El Artesón de la parroquia Píllaro, perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, de la provincia de Tungurahua.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Chicaiza Oña, Josselin Madelaine; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    Nowadays, the great environmental impact caused by the discharge of wastewater without adequate treatment is of utmost importance for society. For this reason, in this experimental work, the evaluation of the existing Wastewater Treatment Plant in the study sector was carried out in order to determine if it is complying with the minimum parameters and the reduction of pollutants. The evaluation of the WWTP began with the collection of field data, then the maximum flow was determined both at the inlet and outlet, obtaining a value of 0.978 L/s in the influent and 0.927 L/s in the effluent, in addition, each treatment unit was measured showing its compliance with the design manuals, a composite sampling of inlet and outlet was taken, which were sent to a laboratory for their respective physicalchemical analysis and heavy metals. With respect to the results obtained based on the analyses and compared with the TULSMA 2015 standard, there is compliance in all parameters, except for ammonia nitrogen and phosphate, indicating the need to implement the species "Eichhornia carssipes" in two of the three upflow anaerobic filters to reduce the removal of these nutrients. Once all the information has been processed, a metal cover on the sludge drying bed and an operation and maintenance manual are proposed to guarantee the correct operation of the WWTP.
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    Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Relleno sanitario de la parroquia Presidente Urbina perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Rengel Jiménez, Carlos Alberto; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The main objective of this research is to determine if the wastewater treatment plant is performing optimally. The evaluation carried out in the WWTP began with the collection of information and its respective field investigation for which the dimensions of the plant were taken, as well as the influent and effluent of the same, thus determining the design flow that was used. In addition, the collection of wastewater samples was carried out, which were sent to an accredited laboratory, whose results were compared with the limit parameters for the discharge of wastewater to freshwater bodies that are established in the TULSMA 2015 regulations. Where It was found that the parameters such as COD, BOD5 and Suspended Solids do not meet the standards proposed in the standard in question, which gave us the criteria that the WWTP does not have an adequate functioning. For which a "Maintenance and Operation Plan" was proposed, which was divided into measures established in each of the elements, as well as the design of a descending tank and a cover for the sludge drying bed. With the aforementioned proposals, the decrease in the parameters is expected to improve, improving the quality of the discharged liquid, preventing the increasing contamination that can be generated in the sector, for which a referential budget of nineteen thousand one hundred and forty-nine dollars was proposed. with fifty-five cents.
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    Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Infiernillo de la parroquia San Andrés, del cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Guevara Lavayen, Myrka Estefanía; Núñez Aldás, Galo Wilfrido
    The present experimental work has as its main objective the evaluation of the wastewater treatment plant of the Infiernillo sector, located in the Santiago de Píllaro canton, Tungurahua province to determine if its unitary processes currently work efficiently in the purification of wastewater from of the sanitary sewer. For the evaluation, in the field, information was collected on the current state of its treatment units and the volumetric method of the influent and effluent flows from the WWTP was measured in order to determine the value of the maximum flow. same that was used in the calculation of the minimum dimensions required for the correct treatment of wastewater using international standards and guides for the design of treatment plants, in addition samples of raw wastewater and treated wastewater were collected, which were analyzed in the accredited laboratory of the National University of Chimborazo (UNACH), with these results the percentage of pollutant removal was verified, through the comparison with the maximum limits allowed for the discharge of residual water to a body of fresh water regulated in the TULSMA The current unit processes of the WWTP are: inlet tank, screening tank, grease trap, distribution tank, septic tank, biological filter and sludge drying bed, which meet the minimum dimensions, functioning correctly, of the In the same way, after the laboratory analysis of the residual water, it was obtained that the percentage of contaminant removal is more than 80%, however, despite the fact that the water is being adequately treated, there are other factors that in the short or long term can reduce the efficiency of the WWTP, for which an operation and maintenance plan was proposed, to maintain the useful life of the hydraulic infrastructure.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la parroquia San Andrés, cantón Píllaro provincia Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-03) Tamay Chiluiza, Karina Belén; Núñez Aldás, Galo Wilfrido
    In the present experimental work, the evaluation was carried out in order to determine if the treated water that is discharged into the river complies with the TULSMA 2015 standard, which is why it began with the gathering of the information of the entire sector where the PTAR; Data collection on the effluent and effluent flows was carried out, the residual water was sampled at the entry and exit points to the PTAR for the analysis of the physical-chemical characteristics that were processed in a laboratory. Subsequently, a comparison was made with the water discharge parameters established by TULSMA 2015 where it was possible to verify that the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO) and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQO) do not comply with the provisions of current regulations, for so it was decided to look for a proposal that would allow to improve the mentioned parameters. With the results obtained, an analysis was carried out according to the degree of actual removal to perform a recalculation of its geometric properties in order to give a definitive diagnosis of the current state of the PTAR and it was found that they allow to improve the BOD and COD of the water treated before final discharge, which includes: screening, sand trap, inhoff tank, trickling filter, fafa, sludge drying bed and a disinfection plant. Additionally, an operation and maintenance plan was implemented that efficiently fulfills the purpose for which said PTAR was designed.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la parroquia totoras, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-03) Pico Freire, Doris Karina; Castro Solorzano, Fidel Alberto
    In the present experimental work, the evolution of the wastewater treatment plant of the Totoras parish belonging to the Ambato Canton was carried out, with the purpose of determining the current state of both its structure and the quality of treated water that it discharges into the Pachanlica River. The evaluation of the PTAR began with an analysis of the population in which it intervenes, the socio-economic activities of the parish and the year in which it was created. The hours in which there was greater and lower flow of both input and output of the PTAR were determined, the data obtained were tabulated through the use of Excel software in which the information was represented in the form of graphs, in addition it was possible to determine the physico-chemical properties presented by the water of both the tributary and the effluent through tests in a specialized laboratory in order to determine the composition of the water residual. The physical units were evaluated (Grids, Sandblaster, RAFA, FAFA and sludge drying bed) which presented fissures, cracks, concrete detachment and landslide that endangered the tank of arrival of the wastewater, on the other hand, two of its units that are of vital importance such as the grids and the sludge drying bed did not meet the parameters established in the design manuals of the treatment plants. Finally, with the evaluation carried out, an operational improvement plan was developed for the PTAR.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la parroquia el Corazón, cantón Pangue, provincia Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-09) Pillapa Ponluisa, Jorge Daniel; Maldonado Narváez, Lenin Rafael
    In the present experimental work, the evaluation was carried out in order to determine if the treated water that is discharged into the river complies with the TULSMA 2015 standard, which is why it began with the gathering of the information of the entire sector where the WWTP; Data collection on the effluent and effluent flows was carried out, the residual water was sampled at the entry and exit points to the WWTP for the analysis of the physical-chemical characteristics that were processed in a laboratory. Subsequently, a comparison was made with the water discharge parameters established by TULSMA 2015 where it was possible to verify that the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO) and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQO) do not comply with the provisions of current regulations, for so it was decided to look for a proposal that would allow to improve the mentioned parameters. With the results obtained, an analysis was carried out according to the degree of actual removal to perform a recalculation of its geometric properties in order to give a definitive diagnosis of the current state of the WWTP and it was found that they allow to improve the BOD and COD of the water treated before final discharge, which includes: screening, sand trap, inhoff tank, trickling filter, fafa, sludge drying bed and a disinfection plant. Additionally, an operation and maintenance plan was implemented that efficiently fulfills the purpose for which said WWTP was designed.