Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Gestión técnica de seguridad industrial para el factor de riesgo ruido en los trabajadores de la empresa carrocera Mega Santa Cruz(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-08) Acosta Solis, Mario Erick; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra MarleneExposure to noise is an occupational risk factor that can affect workers in the field of industry permanently, considering this as an irreversible long-term health problem. The main objective of this technical project is to technically manage control measures to mitigate these conditions caused by work noise. To develop the methodology, an engineering method described in the International Standard NTE INEN-ISO 9612-2014 was used, where the respective samples were taken for each homogeneous exposure group of the Mega Santa Cruz bodybuilding company, applying the strategy based on function, with the limits established within Executive Decree 2393, where a personal sound exposure meter configured according to the requirements permitted in Ecuador was used. As a result, the analysis and final evaluations gave rise to proposing control measures both at the source, in the environment, and at the worker, according to the previously calculated risk level, where the areas with the highest noise index were indicated in a diagram. technical; These results delved into the workers who exceeded the established limits, in this case 85 dB, leading these proposals to be implemented immediately to avoid any hearing loss problem; and, for a level less than 85 dB (both medium and low), the proposals made will count as a preventive measure since they do not exceed the established limit.Item Desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de seguridad industrial y salud ocupacional para la prevención de riesgos y accidentes laborales dirigido a los colaboradores de la empresa Clima Center de la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-02) Díaz Tandazo, Germán Mauricio; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra MarleneSince the company Clima Center does not have an Industrial Safety Manual, the legal obligation of the companies was analyzed, so measures were implemented with this project to minimize or eliminate occupational hazards. First of all, we reviewed the physical risks, such as noise, lighting and ergonomics, since these are the risks to which employees are most exposed. A quantitative analysis was carried out, which made it possible to establish an evaluative diagnosis of the organization's situation, which adopts guidelines to condition continuous improvement. A procedural framework for training in incidents and nonconformities was developed, as well as the corrective actions to be implemented. The physical, mechanical and ergonomic factors that the collaborator must assume in the daily activities were verified integrally, to prevent occupational risks, with which measures are taken as: information, training, improvement in infrastructure, signage, provide safety equipment according to the activity performed, complying with the Regulation of Safety and Health of Workers that appears in the "Executive Decree 2393" that in Ecuador all companies both public and private must comply with.Item Diseño de un plan de seguridad enfocado a los factores de estrés térmico para los trabajadores en el área de fundición de hierro de la microempresa El Mundo de la Polea de la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-02) Tirado Gutiérrez, María José; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra MarleneThe company "El mundo de la polea", has a problem relationated with high temperatures, this is a drawback for workers. In the iron foundry area, there are five workplaces, where is one worker for area, these were evaluated and determined that exist thermal heat stress risk. In order to determine the thermal heat stress risk, the heats stress index was applied WBGT using the NTP 322 it need different temperatures, the WBGT Reed R6200 WBGT measuring device was used and the metabolic rate of each worker applying NTE INEN ISO 8996 standard, the metabolic rate of each activity and its respective period was used. It was determined that in four out of five workplaces are thermal heat stress risk. In order to mitigate the risk a security plan was elaborated. Training was provided on topics such as: first aid, industrial safety, appropriate clothing for working in high temperatures, among others, and hydration drink dispensers were also set up, since when working at high temperatures the body generates sweat trying to maintain an adequate temperature and not suffer health damages. Finally clothing work and personal protective equipment was implemented.Item Propuesta de un sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud ocupacional basado en la ISO 45001:2018 para la constructora Dialcivilconstructores Cia. Ltda. en la ciudad de Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Castro Carvajal, Kevin Hernán; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierThis research work was developed from the need of the construction company DIALCIVILCONSTRUCTORES CIA.LTDA to ensure the safety and health of workers and comply with legal requirements. Through a matrix of identification and evaluation of occupational risks per job, the existing risks in each workplace were identified and evaluated according to the NTP 330 standard, in order to eliminate and reduce the risk, the design of a Management System for Workers' Health and Safety based on ISO 45001:2018 was proposed, where the policy, objectives, procedures, forms, records and documented information required by the standard were developed. Then the corresponding practices were carried out jointly with the administrative personnel and the interested parties of the construction company, which resulted in an efficient SGSST, thus obtaining the constant improvement in the construction processes, guaranteeing the safety and health of the workers for the benefit of the company's development.Item Diseño y construcción de un molde de inyección de gafas de seguridad de la empresa Arakiprod Cia. Ltda(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Campaña Cortés, Fabricio Germán; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos MauricioThe execution is carried out with the investigation of legal regulations that authorize the design and construction of eye protectors and that is legally permitted in Ecuador, this being the official registry RTE INEN 216, which cites the standard EN 166: 2001 as reference for the design and construction of eye protectors. In accordance with the beneficiary company, a design for "glasses with lateral protection" is established and focuses on optimizing conventional designs under the concept of less, moreover, providing greater protection of the eye area proposed by the standard mentioned with a product of three elements that are assembled by adjustment and without metallic pins. The final geometry was obtained after several designs that were captured in prototypes by means of molten deposition molding (3D printing) and served as a guide to visualize constructive details. Once the 3D geometry was established, the CAD design of the matrix for injection molding was carried out, where the parameters of the injection machines were used for the design of two injection molds, injection pressure parameters, closing force, and injection capacity define the geometry of the mold and number of cavities. Each element of the injection molds was built, with a manufacturing process by chip removal that allows obtaining each mechanized element. To then be assembled piece by piece and then mounted on the injection machine, where injection tests were carried out until the desired product was obtained.Item Estudio ergonómico en el puesto de operario de planta de faenamiento en la empresa H&N Huevos Naturales Ecuador S.A y su incidencia en las condiciones laborales(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Carvajal Naranjo, Miguel Alberto; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra MarleneThe aim of the this researching was to carry out the ergonomic study in the position of operator of the slaughtering plant in the company H&N ECUADOR NATURAL EGGS A.S. and its impact on working conditions. The existence of risks in the developed activities causing musculoskeletal disorders was confirmed, and internationally recognized ergonomic assessment methods for forced postures and repetitive movements, REBA and CHECK LIST OCRA respectively, were applied. In the position of cutting chicken legs and classification there is a high risk level for forced positions and as workers perform repetitive movements in two or three positions, there are unacceptable medium and high risk levels per action by them. To establish a program for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in the position of slaughterhouse operator to reduce the levels of risk and as a company policy to protect the workers’ health is recommended.Item Elaboración de un manual técnico de especificaciones constructivas de proyectos de regadío aplicando normas de seguridad industrial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Semblantes Calvopiña, Milton Roberto; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThis document, based on an experimental work, aims to make a manual of technical specifications. It works as a guide for planification, performance, control and maintenance of irrigation water projects. It also implies to protect physical integrity of workers. This investigation was based on experience documents of institutions and regulations country. For ítems selections, that are included in this manual, this study searched information on public institutions such as Provincial Councils of Cotopaxi, Tungurahua and Chimborazo. Also, it surveys to trained professionals with experience. The technical specifications considers that each item accomplishes with quality requirements of materials and equipments, uses, measurement, payments and industrial security. Besides the manual includes an occupational safety plan and occupational health, making an risk matrix for each item.Item Diseño de la estación y selección de equipamiento para la cabina de metalizado de turbinas hidráulicas de CELEC EP-HIDROAGOYAN(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017-08) Salazar Freire, Mayra Isamar; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoThe process of metallizing by the technique of High Velocity Oxy Fuel (HVOF) is practically based on the use of a high kinetic energy and a relatively low temperature, in which the supply material is supplied as a powder, Center of the accelerated flame at supersonic velocities towards the surface of the part; Resulting in a coating of high hardness, density and strength, which is suitable for applications including erosion, friction, shock and abrasion wear, which are the main phenomenons presented by hydraulic turbines. In addition, the manufacturing processes currently depend on automatic or automation equipment, such as manipulator robots that are very helpful thanks to the precision, flexibility and programmability they possess so they can be adapted for the execution of different tasks by What, to automate the process would be beneficial to obtain finishes of better quality, more precise, fast, efficient.Item Estudio biomecánico en el puesto de lavado de botellas de la industria ILA.S.A y su incidencia en las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Barreno Flores, Charles Fabián; Córdova Suárez, Manolo AlexanderThe present research topic has been developed under the following parameters: Chapter I: Emphasis is given to the study of the biomechanical ergonomic risk factor in the glass bottle washing station as a general objective. Chapter II describes the approaches chosen for research being the qualitative - quantitative and hypothesized: the biomechanical ergonomic risk factor in the bottle washing station of the industry ILA.S.A affects the working conditions of workers. Chapter III: It establishes the operationalization of variables of index OCRA, REBA and the working conditions of the workers. Chapter IV: presents an analysis and interpretation of results of the OCRA index obtaining a maximum of 39 and by the method REBA check unacceptable working conditions. Chapter V: conclusions and recommendations based on general and specific objectives. Chapter VI: the proposal proposes the "implementation of a program of prevention of the ergonomic biomechanical risk factor to improve the working conditions of the bottle washing station of the industry ILA.SA" which will reduce the high indexes that present the workers on the postures and movements inadequate according to criteria of industrial safety and mechanical knowledge.Item La calidad del aire interior en el proceso de acabado (SAND BLAST QUÍMICO) del jeans en la empresa laboratorio del Denim Ecuador LDEEC CIA. LTDA. y su incidencia en el ambiente de trabajo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Chiluisa Chiluisa, Kléber Anibal; Lascano Moreta, Marlene AlejandraThe present research work was developed at installations of Denim Ecuador Ecuador LDEEC CIA. Ltda., has done an evaluation of the quality of the interior air in the process of finishing ( sand blast chemical ) of the jeans, using measurement equipment according the methodology of the regulations UNE of environmental quality indoors, as well as methods based on internationally recognized prevention technical notes, identifying that must take preventive measures immediately in this area of work , especially by the use of potassium permanganate, that is one, it is necessary to resort to specific preventive measures as is localized extraction, the same that through of a weighting analysis and by the chemical characteristic of potassium permanganate which is water-soluble, the water curtain cab is the priority for solution. Finally, propose the proposal of the implementation of a water curtain cabin, the same as once designed, built and put into operation in the sand blast chemical area, satisfies the expectations for which it was designed.