Ciencias Agropecuarias

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    Comportamiento productivo, características de la canal y función ruminal en toros de engorde alimentados con dietas a base de cascarilla de cacao y aceite vegetal
    (2022-09) Guishca Cunuhay, Carlos Alberto; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos Antonio
    The productive performance, characteristics of the carcass in ruminal function were evaluated in steers fed with diets based on cocoa bean shell and vegetable oil. Records of 30 castrated steers weighing 206 ± 23 kg were randomly distributed into 3 groups (n=10) from the Ruminant Feedlot. The evaluated diets consisted of: T1 [Basal diet: covering the nutritional requirements for late-finishing steers according to the AFRC (1996) + 15% cocoa bean shell (Theobromina cacao) + 6% vegetable oil from passion fruit seed cake (Passiflora edulis) (Control)], T2 [Basal diet + 6% vegetable oil from passion fruit seed cake (Passiflora edulis)] and T3 [Basal diet + 15% cocoa bean shell (Theobromine cocoa)]. Ruminal degradation and in vitro digestibility of DM was evaluated with DaisyII incubator and F57 bags, pore size 25 µn, which contained 0.5 g of sample per treatment (n=5) and were incubated for 0, 4, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h. The volume of gas production in vitro was estimated in amber bottles with 100 ml of nominal capacity, and 0.5 g of sample was used per treatment (n=10). The data obtained were evaluated under a Completely Random Design (CRD). The in vitro rumen degradation kinetics of DM was higher for the soluble fraction (A) in T1 and lower in T3 (p=<0.0001). The rate of potential degradation (A+B) and effective degradation [(c: 0.02; 0.05 and 0.08)] were higher in T1. IVDMD at hour 48 was higher at T1, T3 and lower at T2 (p=0.0004). Total gas production (B) was higher at T2 (p=<0.0001). The productive performance showed higher ADG in T1 and T3 (p=0.0019). The TDMI and IDMI were higher at T1, T3 and lower at T2 (p=0.0142). FC (kg/kg) and FE (kg/kg) were lower and higher at T2 respectively (p=<0.05). Carcass characteristics reflected a higher HCY (%) for T3 (p=0.0032). LdMA (cm2 ) was higher at T1 and T3 (p=<0.0001). However, the RFT was less in T1 and T3 (p=0.0096). Under the conditions of this study, it is concluded that there is a favorable response of the cocoa bean shell alone or combined with vegetable oil from passion fruit seed cake
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    Evaluación de tuza de maíz tostada como sustratos para la producción de plantas de lechuga
    (2018) Garzón Borja, Silvana Del Carmen; Curay, Segundo
    This studio was carried out in the Tungurahua Province, Ambato canton, Montalvo Parish, Luz de America Town, in the Segundo Curay engineer’s property, its coordinates are: 01⁰24'00" S, longitude: 78⁰23’00" W, and to 2600 meters above sea level. This searching was carried out in order to assess the roasted corncob as a substrate to produce lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa), to establish the efficacy of roasted corncob as a substrate for the production of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa), to determine the characteristics of chemical of the substrate made with corncob. The studied treatments were the followings: T1 fine corncob 75% + Humus 25%, T2 fine corncob 75% + Pomina 25%,: T3 fine corncob 75% + husk 25%, T4 fine corncob 75 % + Humus 25%, T5 thick corncob 75% + Pomina 25%, T6 thick corncob 75% + husk 25%, T7 fine corncob 100%, T8 thick corncob 100% and finally T9 that is Kekilla 100%. The analyzed variables in the estudio were: analysis of substrates, germinative vigor, percent of germination, stem thickness, height of plant, root volume, days to harvest and leaf analysis. The highest accumulation of nutrients in the substrate at the end of the essay is seen in the treatment T6 thick corncob 75% + Humus 25% with a percent of Nitrogen of 2.68% available for the adequate development of the seedling in its definitive site. The highest percent of germination at 15 days after sowing is the T9 commercial substrate Kekilla treatment with 97,43% it was getting a germination of almost 99% which is the acceptable in this variable, then it found the treatment T6 thick corncob 75% + Humus 25% with an average of 88,85%. For the root volume it could be seen that the first place is for the commercial substrate Kekilla T9 treatment with an average of 1.84 cc, for the height of the plant, the T9 Treatment is in the first place the commercial substrate Kekilla with 12,73 cm, then the treatment T6 thick corncob 75% + Humus 25% with 11,35%, being statistically equal, but mathematically different.