Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial
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Item Posturas ergonómicas en el área de aparado de la empresa de calzado Gamo’s(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-09) Yugcha Telenchana, Jonathan Mauricio; Sánchez Rosero, Carlos HumbertoDuring the manufacture of footwear, there are activities that can pose a risk to the health of workers, for this reason, the present research work focused on the identification, evaluation and assessment of ergonomic risks in the area of the shoe upper of the Gamo's footwear company. In the investigation, the Nordic questionnaire was applied with the objective of knowing the areas of ailment found in the staff of the lacing area, directed to 8 workers, which confirms the existence of ailments due to inadequate postures. After field visits and the recognition of 6 workstations, which in turn have 20 tasks, the ergonomic hazards linked to each task were identified and through the matrix of the technical report ISO TR 12295:2014, it was determined that 14 will be appropriate for the study, thus having that 5 of the tasks have a trivial risk corresponding to 36%, while 3 tasks have a tolerable risk with 21% and finally it has that 6 tasks corresponding to 43% have a moderate risk. The evaluation of the postures by the Rula method showed that in the tasks performed by the machining personnel, the low risk level prevails with a score of 3 and 4, requiring changes in the design of the task or workstation, while the evaluation of the postures by the Reba method shows that the medium risk level prevails with a score of 5, which requires rapid action in the design of the task or workstation. The procedural manual for inspecting facilities and working conditions was continuously developed. There is also another for training personnel on how to adopt appropriate postures at work and a guide for active breaks, if necessaryItem Evaluación de riesgos para un sistema de gestión de seguridad de la información en base a la Norma ISO/IEC 27001 aplicado a un proveedor de servicios de internet(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2023-09) Hidalgo Martinez, William David; Sánchez Zumba, Andrea PatriciaCybercrime is a constant threat to individuals and organizations worldwide, as it utilizes exposed techniques to steal confidential information, damage systems, and cause significant financial and reputational harm. The importance of cybersecurity is evident in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, as cybercriminals seek new ways to exploit vulnerabilities in systems and networks. One of the primary concerns is protecting sensitive data of companies and users. In today's digital age, it is crucial to safeguard against cyber threats and attacks, secure information, and ensure the integrity of systems and critical infrastructure. In the case of an ISP, Risk Assessment is important due to the critical nature of the data they handle. Risks may include unauthorized access to user information, data loss, online fraud, and damage to the organization's reputation. This assessment is comprehensive, considering factors such as confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, as well as risks associated with processes and technology used based on the ISO/IEC 27001 standard. Since an ISP manages large amounts of customer and user data, it provides a framework for the establishment, implementation, maintenance, and continuous improvement against threats, vulnerability assessment, and the likelihood of occurrence for each risk, along with mitigation measures. Through Open Source technology, information assets are identified, and the evaluation of threats and vulnerabilities to which they are exposed is conducted. Additionally, the potential impact of a threat on the company is determined. With this information, appropriate information security measures are implemented to mitigate the identified risks.Item Riesgos mecánicos en el área de estructurado de la empresa Carrocerías Pérez(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-09) Pérez Carrera, Christian Rafael; Urrutia Urrutia, FernandoThe purpose of this research project entitled "Mechanical risks in the structured area of the company Carrocerías Pérez" is to identify, estimate and evaluate the existing mechanical risks in the structured area of the organization, since there are currently several inherent sources of danger and risk factors that can cause damage or injury to workers who carry out their work activities. The results found in the study show that in the company's production process there are 1428 sources of danger, of which 90 (6.30%) are physical, 65 (4.55%) are chemical, 148 (10.36%) are biological, 299 (20.94%) are ergonomic, 275 (19.26%) are psychosocial, 150 (10.50%) are major accidents, 401 (28.08%) are mechanical. On the other hand, according to the risk estimation carried out, there are 870 (60.92%) moderate risks, 475 (33.26%) major risks and 83 (5.81%) intolerable risks in the entire production process. Specifically in the structured area and with respect to mechanical risks, it was found that there are 101 sources of mechanical hazards, of which 36 are moderate risks, 49 are important risks and 16 are intolerable risks. The latter were considered for the risk assessment, using the GTC-45 methodology, because they are more dangerous. In this sense, 6.25% of the intolerable risks need an intervention level I, i.e. it is a critical situation and requires urgent corrections; while 43.75% have an intervention level II, so it is necessary to adopt or correct control measures, on the other hand, 50% of these risks have an intervention level III, i.e. they can be improved. Finally, for risk control and preventive action, an industrial safety plan is proposed, which contains information on the organization, methods for risk assessment and a series of procedures and programs that will contribute to the proper and safe development of operations in the structured area.Item Riesgo de incendio en las instalaciones del grupo Mil”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-09) Rosero Casa, Jessica Daniela; Morales Perrazo, Luis AlbertoThe risk of fire in organizations can present itself with intrinsic potentials that cause economic and mainly human losses, due to the lack of means, protocols and resources destined to the prevention or control of these risks. In this sense, the preparation of a contingency plan to reduce the risk of fire in the companies of Mil group was of vital importance. This study was carried out in the companies Milpolimeros, Milboots and Milplast. For the development of this research, the Diamante methodology was used to determine the level of vulnerability of these organizations. On the other hand, for the evaluation of the risk of fire, the Meseri method was used in the companies of the Mil group. The research was descriptive through field research on the facilities of the Mil group. The vulnerability with respect to the human factor of the three companies of the Mil group according to the diamond method is high in the event of a fire; while with the Meseri method, the fire risk assessment for the Mil group companies showed that there are unacceptable risks in the Milpolimeros logistics area with an index of 4.6, in the Milboots warehouse area with an index of 4.5 and in the Milplast warehouse area with an index of 4.4. Finally, it is concluded from the investigation that the companies of Mil group have a high probability of suffering fire outbreaks and causing material, economic and, above all, human losses.Item Riesgo ergonómico derivado de la actividad manual en los operarios del departamento de producción de la empresa Reencauchadora de la Sierra, Caucho Sierra S.A.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-09) Chuncha Ashqui, Erika Carolina; Morales Perrazo, Luis AlbertoAccording to the International Labour Organization (ILO), musculoskeletal disorders account for 59% of all occupational diseases worldwide. One of the causes of this issue is ergonomic risks associated with forced postures, repetitive movements, manual lifting of loads, among other risk factors. Therefore, the research objective is to assess the ergonomic risk arising from manual activities among the workers in the production department of the company Reencauchadora de la Sierra, Caucho Sierra S.A. The research was of a descriptive nature, based on ergonomic assessment methods within a population of six (6) males, in the areas of reaming, banding, and vulcanization; the results determined that in the vulcanization area, two workers are exposed to a high level of risk (score 10) due to postural load, evaluated using the REBA method; in the reaming area, three workers are exposed to a moderate level of disergonomic risk (score 1.5) due to manual lifting of loads evaluated by the NIOSH method, and an unacceptable level of risk (score 22.5) for repetitive movements evaluated with the OCRA method; finally, in the buffing area, one worker has an unacceptable risk level (score 22.5) due to repetitive movements evaluated with the OCRA method. It is concluded that the studied workforce population is overexposed to disergonomic risks due to postural load, manual lifting of loads, and repetitive movements that could affect their health.Item Riesgo ergonómico por carga mental en el personal de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Mushuc Runa Agencia Matriz Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-03) Palacios Riera, Denis Ariel; Urrutia Urrutia, FernandoCurrent working conditions require the manipulation of a large volume of information, as well as a high level of attention, demanding the cognitive abilities of the worker, consequently, the presence of out-of-control situations and pressure situations cause adverse effects on workers such as stress and anxiety obtaining a job in poor ergonomic conditions. The present work seeks to manage the present risk through the analysis of the working conditions of the Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Mushuc Runa agencia matriz Ambato, for this reason different types of research were used such as field research because data were collected within the environment for this the method of estimation of mental load NASA TLX was used and the risk was evaluated using the ERGOS method, to finally elaborate a proposal for the prevention of ergonomic risk by mental load oriented to the organization. Through the estimation and evaluation, it is concluded that female staff and staff over the age of 50 suffer a higher mental load index, resulting in mental fatigue and therefore a decrease in performance at the workplace. The presence of mental load in the organization is notorious due to the level of demand in the workplaces, so the mental load prevention program is proposed for the prevention of adverse effects on the health of the worker and the improvement of workplace conditions.Item Protocolos de bioseguridad en la Unidad Educativa Aníbal Salgado Ruiz(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2022-09) Tixe Guamán, Edisson Orlando; Urrutia Urrutia, FernandoEducational activities as a result of the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus have generated sources of biological hazards which can cause health and safety problems in education workers, therefore the need for a study of biological risks present is essential to prevent future complications, currently should consider the importance of implementing biosafety protocols in educational institutions given the recent emergence of variants of viruses that change their characteristics and make them immune to the vaccine an example of these is the Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 which have returned to the mandatory biosecurity measures. Within the research the use of various methodologies for risk management is highlighted, thus for the identification of sources of danger and followed by their estimation the INSST Binary Method was used which allowed a first impression of the current state of the institution, for the evaluation the Biogaval method was applied which was able to provide the impact of the biological risk caused by the Covid-19 virus giving rise to the need for the creation of protocols to correct these drawbacks. It is concluded with the importance of the creation of biosecurity protocols attached to the reality of the Anibal Salgado Ruiz Educational Unit considering the 3 fundamental axes of risk control (source, environment and individual) that will serve as a tool for the mitigation and control of Covid-19 contagion, guaranteeing a safe stay within the institution.Item Riesgos ergonómicos en los puestos de trabajo del personal del Sindicato de Choferes Profesionales “15 de agosto”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2022-09) Salinas Acosta, Pamela Michelle; Tigre Ortega, FranklinNowadays, the different work activities carried out by office workers have increased as well as the relevance of Occupational Health. The uncomfortable postures that workers maintain during their workday can be detrimental to the musculoskeletal system. Similarly, those who work in vehicles are also exposed to ergonomic risks due to forced and monotonous postures. These risk situations can cause pain, discomfort or injuries that can be mild or severe. Therefore, the present research work developed an evaluation of the level of ergonomic risk in each workstation of Sindicato de Choferes Profesionales "15 de Agosto". These evaluations were carried out using the ROSA Method for the office workstations, while the REBA Method was applied for the driving instructors, who work in the Institution's vehicles, and for the doorman. The result of these evaluations was that 100% of the office jobs require action as soon as possible. On the other hand, in the case of driving instructors, 66.67% of the risk level to which they are exposed is low, so that no action is required. While in only 16.66%, action is necessary, although not as soon as possible. Finally, for the janitor, the result was that action is necessary as soon as possible due to the fact that his risk level is high. Therefore, as a proposed solution, a program of active breaks was developed, which is recommended to be carried out at least twice per working day or every 2 hours. In addition, a proposal for the characteristics that office elements should have, their proper use and postures to be adopted by office workers. The guide to good postures in the vehicle details the location of the vehicle elements and the appropriate postures.Item Sistema de gestión técnica de seguridad industrial para la prevención de accidentes laborales en la empresa Multirepcar(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2022-09) Naranjo Romero, Christian Alberto; Gavidia García, José LuisThis research work was carried out at the facilities of Multirepcar, a company dedicated to the repair of light and heavy vehicles, distribution of lubricating oils and marketing of spare parts in the central zone of Ecuador. The problems in the company are due to the presence of risks that influence the generation of accidents and occupational diseases, so the objective is the development of a technical management system of industrial safety for the prevention of occupational accidents. The technical management included four main stages. In the first stage concerning the identification of risk factors, hazard identification sheets were used for each work station, systematizing the most relevant information for the study, identifying thirty sources. In stage two, regarding the evaluation and assessment, the binary method was used for an initial estimation of the risk factors, with 53% of the risks of mechanical type prevailing, which were assessed with the William T. Fine methodology, then for the physical risk due to noise, a sound level meter measurement was performed based on the strategy of the work position (function) according to the UNE-EN-ISO 9612 standard, obtaining noise levels that are not high risk, then the ergonomic risk due to forced postures was evaluated with the REBA method, obtaining a medium and high risk level, and finally for the risk of major fire accident the MESERI method was applied, determining a very slight risk due to the existing fire control systems in the company. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a need to implement controls mainly for mechanical and ergonomic risk factors, for which certain control and improvement measures were established for the different risks detected, focused on minimizing possible accidents in the company.Item Diseño de un sistema de gestión ambiental basado en la norma ISO 14001 en la empresa Indiquimica S.A.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2022-09) Montesdeoca Cruz, Erika Micaela; Jordán Hidalgo, Edisson PatricioThe present research work focuses on the environmental risks of the company INDIQUIMICA S.A., where information was collected to know the initial situation of the organization, taking into account that the company is dedicated to the production of disinfection chemicals for home, industrial and institutional, for this reason the purpose was to carry out a risk analysis and a manual to mitigate them. In order to know the level of compliance with the standard, a check list of ISO 14001:2015 was carried out, where the percentage per chapter and globally of INDIQUIMICA S.A. was determined, as well as compliance with the current legal matrix in Ecuador, After that, the risks and dangers generated in the production activities were analyzed, evaluated and estimated, where the possible scenarios were weighted according to the UNE 150001: 2008 standard, which allowed knowing the level of risk in the 3 environments evaluated. being these natural, human, and socioeconomic. For the mitigation of the risks evaluated, an Environmental Management System Manual was made where the files, procedures and protocols are documented to reduce the consequences of the risks found in the different procedures of the company, as well as waste is considered. created by such activities and how to prevent them from harming workers.