Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial
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Item Variabilidad estadística en la producción del cuero de la empresa Curtiembre Quisapincha(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-08) Chuquiana Tamaquiza, Edison Israel; Morales Perrazo, Luis AlbertoThe scarce quality control in the tanning industry represents a problem for small and medium-sized companies. In this sense, the research focused on determining the statistical variability present in the leather production processes in the company CURTIEMBRE QUISAPINCHA. The study was carried out using the Six Sigma and DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) methodologies. In the define phase, data collection techniques such as observation sheets and Pareto diagrams were used. In the measure phase, process variability was determined by using tools such as R&R tests, control charts and capability indices. The analysis was determined by means of the 5-whys and Ishikawa diagrams and finally, in the improvement stage, the 5W-2H tool and the 6 quality m's were used to establish a quality control proposal. The results obtained showed that the defects of "tears or breakage", "different thickness", "scratches" and "holes", are the main problems that cause variability in production, due to causes such as lack of technological innovation, little or inefficient training in the use of machinery or work methods, personnel turnover, for this same reason the sigma level of the company is 2.53, being this value below the desired sigma level (6σ) for the leather industrial sector. It is concluded that the company with the sigma levels mentioned above generates an average of 155,000 defects per million produced, which we are seeking to reduce to 3.4 defects per million opportunities and place the company as world class.Item Análisis de la variabilidad en los procesos productivos en la empresa de calzado Pool Sport mediante la metodología Six Sigma(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-08) Montenegro Rodríguez, Bryan Santiago; López Flores, Mauricio XavierThe research project focuses on analyzing the variability present in the production processes at POOL SPORT, with the objective of proposing an action program to reduce defects using Six Sigma tools and methodologies. These are presented in a list designed to identify the main improvement alternatives, aimed at addressing critical issues, thereby reducing defects in the operational area, decreasing variability, improving the quality of the final product, and increasing customer satisfaction. Through bibliographic-documentary research, field research, and applied research, all the information and data were collected, including the historical sales data for the period (July - December 2023). An ABC analysis was performed, allowing the identification of the most profitable product. Based on this model, information was gathered, followed by the creation of process diagrams to understand the current situation of the company and the current working method employed at the facilities. Tools such as interviews and Pareto diagrams were used to identify defects in the operational area, such as: unstitched pieces 26%, adhesive stains 20.9%, pieces with cutting defects 13.2%, poorly stitched labels 12.4%, irregular cuts 10.9%, loose seams 5.8%, incorrect soles 5.8%, and defective stamping 5.0%. These defects were associated with factors related to labor and raw materials identified through cause-and-effect analysis and the FMEA matrix. Once the critical processes (stitching and sole attachment) and potential defects (adhesive stains and unstitched pieces) were identified, with quality levels for the processes at 2.46σ and 2.70σ respectively, as well as Yield efficiencies of 83.1% and 88.5% respectively, the negative situation of the processes was exposed. Finally, improvement proposals based on the DMAI analysis were developed, where alternatives were established that should be maintained over time through the records and programs outlined in the Control (C) stage.Item Metodología Dmaic Six Sigma para el control de la calidad del calzado de seguridad en la empresa Calzado Sinell(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-09) Condo Llerena, Jefferson Ariel; Morales Perrazo, Luis AlbertoThe footwear industry suffered a severe impact in recent years as an effect of the confinement due to the 2020 pandemic, causing an 80% reduction in footwear production with respect to the previous year, leading to the closure of several companies or mass layoffs, especially for small and medium enterprises. Due to this situation, it was decided to control the quality of safety footwear by applying the DMAIC Six Sigma methodology at Calzado SINELL, aiming to improve production quality and maintain competitiveness in the market. The methodology used in the project was descriptive and field, applying the 4 phases of the DMAIC Six Sigma methodology (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve) to the highest-demand product of the company Calzado Sinell over a period of 5 weeks of analyzed production. The main quality problem occurs in the sole attachment process and is the "excess or shortage of glue," representing 40% of all defects found. The Six Sigma analysis reveals that the process is currently unstable and out of statistical control, resulting in approximately 66 807 units are produced outside their specifications for every million produced, with a yield of 93,82% and a sigma level of 3,04. It concludes that the company does not perform adequate quality control on its product, leading to excessive process variability. This problem is caused by the lack of technical specifications and standardized processes.