Centro de Posgrado
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Item CARACTERIZACIÓN MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PLASMODIUM SPP. Y DISEÑO DE UNA ESTRATEGIA DE INTERVENCIÓN COMUNITARIA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2024-09-03) Napa Altamirano, Yomara Cristina; Salazar Garcés, Dolores KrupskayaMalaria is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium that are transmitted through the bite of a female mosquito of the genus Anopheles. Within this genus we find four species of great health interest, which are P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae and P. falciparum; The latter is the one that generates the most complications in humans. The primary objective is to microbiologically characterize Plasmodium spp. For the determination of malaria in peripheral smear samples from the residents of the Domingo Playa community in the province of Orellana, the methodology used in this study is a descriptive and observational cross-sectional type with a nonexperimental quantitative approach because no modifications were made. the variables under study by the researcher the results obtained from the 60 participants of the sampling corresponding to 100%, 48% belong to the male population and 52% to the female sex, for the analysis the positive cases are taken as reference, with sex predominating male with 57%, while 43% are female, of which 100% are indigenous, 73.3% of patients who came to undergo the study in the Domingo Playa community tested positive through thick smear analysis and 26.7% reflected negative results, 9.1% of them presented Plasmodium falciparum, while the parasite that predominated was Plasmodium vivax in 90.9% of the total of 44 patients positive for malaria and aged between 20-24 years, in conclusion the risk factors were determined, which found that 25% of the patients do not present any type of risk, 43.3% of the participants live near the river, while 16.7% lack an awning 10% do not have coverage and 5% maintain constant trips, so they are autochthonous cases, all of the above are risk factors for malaria contagion. In a globalized world, diseases have no borders, so the fight against malaria must be done jointly to allow for strategies to eradicate malariaItem COINFECCIÓN DE HELICOBACTER PYLORI Y ENTEROPARÁSITOS EN TAXISTAS DE LA CIUDAD DE AMBATO, FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud / Centro de posgrados, 2024-09-03) Cajo Andrango, Andrés Isaac; Vilcacundo Córdova, Mario FernandoCoinfection involves two or more microorganisms colonizing the same host; When the Helicobacter pylori bacteria and enteroparasites share the same host, they cause a negative impact on health. These two microorganisms are among the main infectious agents that cause intestinal problems throughout the world. They justify part of the consultations for chronic abdominal pain. They are generally associated with risk factors such as: hygiene habits, age, geographical area, living conditions. Vehicle drivers are subject to the risks of driving itself and also to various problems that arise and alter their health system; gastrointestinal disorders are among one of the main conditions. The objective was to analyze cases of coinfection between Helicobacter pylori and enteroparasites in taxi drivers in the city of Ambato with their associated risk factors. The research had a mixed approach of correlational, transversal and prospective nature. When analyzing the results of the total sample, there was a high frequency of people infected by any of these microorganisms. Of these cases that presented infection, a high percentage had coinfection with both infectious agents; When performing the Chi Square correlation statistical analysis, a statistically significant value was obtained that indicates that there is a correlation between these two microorganisms; Regarding the associated risk factors, lack of knowledge and poor hygiene practices were the main factors that could be evidenced in this study. At the end of this investigation, it was clarified that there is a significant correlation of coinfections caused by Helicobacter pylori and enteroparasites in taxi drivers in the City of Ambato. In addition, a workshop was held with the participants as a preventive contribution, which is why it is of great importance to carry out workshops as strategies to improve health status.Item Identificación de enfermedades micóticas superficiales y estrategia de prevención en pacientes geriátricos.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2022-06-01) Moya Espín, Santiago Gustavo; Urbina Salazar BqF. Ph.D, Anabell del RocíoItem Rol de la educación nutricional en la ganancia de peso que logran las gestantes atendidas en el primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Santana Barreno, Carmen Imelda Md.; Castro Acosta, Norma del Carmen Dra. . Esp. Ginecología y ObstetriciaFeeding in pregnant women when performing nutritional and energy needs must comply with eating behaviors that promote the development of the fetus and the health and well-being of the pregnant woman. The research focused on determining whether nutrition education has a relationship with weight gain in pregnant women who attend prenatal care at the Patate Health Center type "B. The methodology applied in this research has a quantitative approach, with an inductive-analytical research and with a descriptive scope. For the research, the universe of pregnant women who attended prenatal control during 2020 was considered, where 152 patients were identified, of which 135 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The age they presented was from 16 to 44 years, in those who began their pregnancy with normal weight prevailed insufficient gain in 43.5%, in those overweight, adequate gain in 42.6%, in obese, excessive gain in 64.7% and the low weight group in equal percentage for insufficient and excess gain. When the correlation between the two variables was carried out, a value of p=0.490 was obtained. Concluding that, there is no significant value among the variables studied, thus understanding that nutritional education alone does not generate changes in weight gain during pregnancy; that is, the existence of other factors that intervene in the expected weight gain at the end of pregnancy must be considered.Item Conocimiento y autoexploración mamaria como prevención de cáncer de mama en mujeres que asisten al primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Quishpe Molina, María del Carmen Md.; Iza Anguisaca, Freddy Bayardo Dr.Knowledge and breast self-examination is a procedure that allows the identification of different pathologies in women, so self-examination or early detection strategies reduce morbidity and mortality around this disease. The research to determine the knowledge about breast self-examination in women from 20 to 60 years of age during the period January-December 2020. The methodology applied in this study is observational, descriptive and cross-sectional with pretest - posttest and a control group. The sample population is made up of 195 women who attend the Alaquez health center, to whom a questionnaire and observation sheet are applied, whose purpose is to collect through a survey; sociodemographic characteristics, the level of knowledge on the subject and determine the components to design the strategy. The data obtained will be processed in Excel 2010 spreadsheets, Windows 7 version, and Pearson's confirmation will be performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 program, where the relationship will be determined: the low level of knowledge about breast self-examination can be a result. for an incorrect application as a technique to determine breast cancer in women who attend xvi the Aláquez Health Center belonging to the Latacunga Canton, Cotopaxi Province during the period January - December 2020.Item Estrategia de prevención de riesgo metabólico y cardiovascular en pacientes con lipodistrofia e infección por vih en tratamiento antirretroviral.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Rubio Lalama, Diego Andrés Dr.; Quishpe, Graciela Lic. Esp. Mg.Introduction: Antiretrovirals as a side effect generates the appearance of metabolic alterations that phenotypically manifest with lipodystrophy, the present investigation seeks a strategy for the prevention of metabolic and cardiovascular risk in patients living with HIV and lipodystrophy. Methods: Systematic bibliographic review of articles published within the years 2015 - 2021 in the databases PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Medes, Cochrane, in which the MeSH terms were used: “Lipodystrophy”, “HIV / AIDS ", "Nutritional condition". The use of the boolean "and" was used, discarding the use of "or" since the interest was to examine publications on metabolic and cardiovascular risk in patients with lipodystrophy and HIV infection. The following equations were used in the aforementioned databases, “HIV / AIDS” AND “Lipodystrophy” AND “Nutritional status”. In addition, as a complement, the bibliographic references of each article were manually reviewed. The inclusion criteria were articles from all countries, published during the previous 5 years, in the Spanish and English languages. Studies conducted in human adults infected with HIV / AIDS, undergoing antiretroviral treatment and presenting lipodystrophy were chosen. Articles that studied pediatric patients, that did not include lipodystrophy, and those that did not have conclusive results were excluded. Titles and abstracts were read. the inclusion or not of the article to read the full text; For this, an abstract selection table was prepared. The information of each article was recorded, in a database in Microsoft Excel 2010, which included year and place of occurrence, population, age, sex, diagnostic tests, indicators, percentage of lipodystrophy, metabolic and cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: It is necessary to present a strategy for the early identification of metabolic and cardiovascular risk and its prevention early.Item Estrategia de prevención comunitaria en COVID-19 en la población fundamentada en el análisis epidemiológico(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Baño Barrionuevo, Marlene Soledad Lcda.; Villacís Valencia, Sandra Elizabeth Dr. Esp.The SARS-CoV-2 virus causal agent of the COVID-19 disease has caused a pandemic with extraordinary repercussions on the health, economic, political and social situation worldwide, for which Ecuador has been significantly affected with figures of 446,633 confirmed cases and 15,713 deaths, Tungurahua reports high numbers of infections and deaths. Objective: Design a community prevention strategy for the COVID-19 disease produced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the population of the province's population based on epidemiological analysis. ' Methods and Materials: This study is articulated with two Research Projects, it is defined as explanatory, experimental, longitudinal and prospective where a community prevention strategy for COVID-19 is designed based on the results obtained for the province of Tungurahua in, the period from October 05, 2020 to April 30, 2021.Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. Results: The age group of 18 to 26 years old predominated in the female gender, the mestizo ethnic identification 7.2% of patients with a history of COVID-19 prior to the evaluation. 13% of the cases had signs suggestive of COVID-19 at the time of In the evaluation, among the risk factor the following predominated: Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Bronchial Asthma, Ischemic Heart Disease. And among the social risk factors predominated: overcrowding, extreme poverty, inability to access health services. 7 Conclusion: The community prevention strategy of COVID-19 based on the epidemiological analysis in the Tungurahua province shows a probable impact on the reduction of transmission, morbidity and associated mortality from the modification of identified clinical and social risk factors, together with actions for the promotion and community prevention of the diseaseItem Factores predisponentes de policitemia neonatal a 2900 metros de altura(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Torres Constante, Diana Vanessa Md.; Jurado Melo MD. Esp., Patricio SantiagoNeonatal polycythemia is considered when the hematocrit value at the peripheral venous level is equal to or greater than 65%, the risk is greater in newborns who present predisposing factors, given the complexity of the predisposing factors for polycythemia, it is necessary to understand their behavior for this reason, it is necessary to know in detail the clinical profile of newborns. Therefore, it is important to determine the relationship of predisposing factors with the presence of neonatal polycythemia in newborns seen from January 2017 to December. of 2018 in the Type C Health Center of Lasso that during their prenatal development they resided at more than 2,900 meters of altitude. A quali-quantitative research approach is applied, with a correlational type of research and with a retrospective design. It is concluded that there is a relationship between predisposing factors with the presence of neonatal polycythemia in newborns seen from January 2017 to December 2018 at the Lasso Type C Health Center who resided during their prenatal development more than 2900 meters high.Item Limitaciones para diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el primer nivel de atención centro de salud Tisaleo(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Salazar Villacís, María Gabriela Md; Cando Candor Dra. Esp., Irma de los ÁngelesThe objective of the research was to identify the limitations of the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus of the Tisaleo Health Center, the research has a mixed, qualiquantitative approach, the research modality was based on a bibliographic and field review, with a descriptive and cross-sectional approach. The sample was made up of 22 professionals who work in the Tisaleo Health Center permanently and traveling, a structured questionnaire and a compliance checklist were applied, in addition, information was obtained from the Automated Daily Registry of Outpatient Consultations and Attention (RDACCA) and the Health Care Registry platform (PRAS). To verify the research hypothesis, the Chi-square statistical test was applied. It was found that in 72.7% of the population, there were situations or conditions that made it difficult to diagnose Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, such as excessive administrative work, high demand from the population compared to the low number of available shifts and Call Center scheduling In addition, the professionals in charge of patient care in the consultation did not identify the risk factors for developing the disease, did not carry out promotional activities for the screening of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. that the main limitation for the diagnosis was administrative overwork, however, other significant limitations were evident.Item La estimulación musical en el desarrollo de niños prematuros(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-03-01) Guevara Arroba, Laura Daniela Lic.; Troya. Lic. Mg, Elsa VerónicaMusical stimulation is a tool that helps to develop capacities and skills especially in the premature population, when studied from the neurological perspective, it is a strategy that stimulates and integrates neuronal pathways to create connections through musical stimuli acting on the organization of behavior, behavioral change and learning. The main objective of the research is to determine the development of premature children and its relationship with prenatal and natal risk factors and being a study with a quantitative, prospective analytical approach, it was given from an initial evaluation carried out through the Denver II test whose results dictated a presumptive diagnosis Abnormal with 53.6% and a presumptive diagnosis with 6.7%. By means of this result, the Musical Stimulation Guide was created, which was delivered and should be applied by the representatives of the 30 premature children from 0 to 2 years old of the Early Attention Center of the Technical University of Ambato who participated in the research project. This research could not be expanded because of the sanitary emergency due to Covit-19 through decree 1074 issued by the President of the Republic, Mr. Lenin Moreno.