Carrera Ingeniería Bioquímica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ISOTERMAS DE ADSORCIÓN

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    Determinación de las isotermas y cinéticas de adsorción de metales pesados (Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu) sobre adsorbentes de zeolita y piroclasto volcánico para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de lavadoras automotrices del cantón Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2023-09) Arguello Rodríguez, Diter David; Peñafiel Ayala, Rodny David
    Wastewater from human activity and industry mostly ends up in water effluents without any prior treatment, which exacerbates the level of contamination of this resource, these practices cause the decrease in water availability. Automotive washing machines generate high loads of hydrocarbons and heavy metals of which vehicles are composed, which is why the objective of the project was the determination of isotherms and kinetics of adsorbent materials on the wastewater of automotive washing machines in the Ambato canton. The present experimental research project consists of an analysis of adsorption isotherms on heavy metals with known initial concentrations of heavy metals, applying linear adjustment and models of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, for which the adsorption capacity of a porous material (pyroclast) and materials with a high degree of ion exchange (mordenite zeolite and cliptonilolite) was evaluated. In addition, the adsorption efficiency of the materials was verified on a sample of synthetic water (distilled water and metal) and one of matrix water (wastewater and metal cations), thus executing a simple adsorption process and a competitive adsorption system, for the preparation of samples the regulations of the Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation (TULSMA) were taken as reference. Finally, it was shown that adsorbent materials can decrease the concentration of heavy metals in wastewater, removing up to 95 percent of the initial load of contaminants.
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    Caracterización de agua residual proveniente de la industria automotriz del cantón Ambato y su tratamiento por adsorción para remoción de metales
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2022-03) Aguas Salazar, Bryan Gilmar; Peñafiel Ayala, Rodny David
    Most of the residual effluents are discharged into bodies of water without any type of pre-treatment, which increases the risk of contamination of surface and groundwater. This experimental project consists of a physicochemical characterization and a pre- treatment of the residual effluent generated in several car laundries of the Ambato canton to suggest alternative treatments for the removal of metals present in the effluent, in order to be disposed of properly. For this, random samples were collected from the laundries at different points for subsequent homogenization, these samples were characterized through 14 physicochemical parameters. These results were compared with the current Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria de Medio Ambiente (TULSMA), where it was observed that they do not comply with some parameters established by the standard. On the other hand, for its pre-treatment with adsorption isotherms, solutions with known concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn were used, which were added in different types of adsorbent materials (peat, limestone and activated carbon) to different weights, obtaining a result of 24 samples for each metal that were subsequently analyzed by spectrophotometry. Thanks to this, it was possible to describe the individual behavior of each pollutant used in the Langmuir and Freundlich models, finding a great correlation in the latter according to the determined parameters. Once the results were analyzed, it was established that the degree of removal of each contaminating metal was greater than 90 percent; having active carbon and peat as the best bioadsorbent.