Carrera Ingeniería Bioquímica

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/809

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Subject: search.filters.subject.LEVADURAS AISLADAS

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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Estudio de factibilidad para la creación de una empresa de producción de xilitol a base de levaduras aisladas de frutos de durazno (Prunus persica), fresa (Fragaria vesca) y manzana (Malus doméstica) en el cantón de Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2022-03) Bombón Nuela, Adriana Esmeralda; Valencia Silva, Alex Fabián
    Xylitol or birch sugar is a substitute for sugar, which has gained popularity in recent years, its flavor is like to of sugar cane, since its original and natural glycemic index makes it the first option of sweeteners for diabetics. For this reason, a feasibility study was carried out for the creation of a company that produces xylitol based on fruit yeasts, which is used to control or prevent diabetic, prediabetic or metabolic diseases. The market study was carried out, which showed that 99 percent of consumers of calorie-free sweeteners would be willing to purchase the product in the city of Ambato. In addition, the technical study that determined the optimal location of the plant being the Totoras in Ambato city, province of Tungurahua with the highest weighting. Finally, the economic-financial study indicated a NPV value of 80,537.63dollars, an IRR of 74 percent, an R per B cost benefit ratio of 1.64, an ROI of 26 percent and a PRI of 1 year 5 months. When analyzing these points, it was concluded that the project is feasible.
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    Caracterización de levaduras aisladas a partir de frutos de durazno (Prunus persica), fresa (Fragaria vesca) y manzana (Malus domestica)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2019-07) Escobar Reyes, Mercy Jeaneth; Rodríguez Meza, Carlos Alberto
    This paper shows the importance of the phenotypic and genotypic characterization for the identification of yeasts that were isolated from seasonal fruits peach, strawberry and apple from three different locations Montalvo-Palagua, Huachi Grande-San Alfonso, Alobamba – the triumph. The time, yeasts have generated a biotechnological interest due to their application in the industry, rapid growth and biomass production. The fermentation of the fruits made before the isolation allowed to obtain differences in the number of CFU for every ml according to the fruit and place of collection. A total of ninety four isolated and conserved strains were obtained. For the identification of these was taken different criteria as morphological where analyzed their characteristics macroscopic and microscopic, physiological criteria of growth in different ranges of pH, salinity, temperature and assimilation of Amino acids as a source of carbon and nitrogen. The characterization genotypic was performed by analyzing the digestion of the region ITS by means of RFLP, the results of numerical taxonomy obtained were analyzed in the statistical software NTSys which allowed to obtain a taxonomic determination with which it was possible to group and form sixteen species groups resulting from the analysis of numerical taxonomy of phenotypic data and fourteen species groups resulting from the numerical taxonomy of genotypic data. The final analysis of taxonomy Polifásica made for fifty-four strains of yeast where they grouped their characteristics resulting from the analysis phenotypic and Genotypic obtaining a final dendogram with a cut to 80 percent of similarity that allowed Obtain 18 species groups where it is observed its wide distribution for the fruits and places of where they were isolated the yeasts.
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    Evaluación de la capacidad de remoción de cadmio mediante levaduras (Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Lecythophora ps.LE034), aisladas del volcán Tungurahua.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2016-07) Aguas Bonilla, Daniela Magaly; Dugarte Jiménez, Nahir Yerely
    This study determined the removal capacity of cadmium through the use of biomass of yeasts isolated from the Tungurahua volcano. It was chosed two species Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Lecythophora sp. LE034 and a third commercial species as reference Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The determination of cadmium in the removal process was tested by the modification of the colorimetric method of the dithizone by Ecuadorian technical standard INEN 0982. The number of colony forming units (cfu) and growth factor of a series of dilutions were determinated through McFarland curve and count per diffusion in plate. The percentage of inhibition of growth against cadmium using concentrations from 107 up to 1,07 µg/l, was between 85% and 95%, being the yeast Lecythophora sp. LE034 the most susceptible to inhibition. The removal process showed that the three yeasts are able to efficiently remove between 88-89% of cadmium.
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    Evaluación de la capacidad de remoción de cadmio mediante levaduras (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa y Cryptococcus gastricus), aisladas del volcán Tungurahua.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2016-06) Jácome Gavilánez, Marco Antonio; Dugarte Jiménez, Nahir Yerely
    The removal capacity of cadmium by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Cryptococcus gastricus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined by the colorimetric dithizone method. Cadmium removal by the yeasts was studied a pH of 6 and in an incubator orbital at a temperature of 27 ° C, and at concentrations of 34240 mg/l of cadmium, the removal rates were higher than 95 %, showing a high death rate of the yeasts in the removal process. In addition, the process of removing cadmium was tested at concentrations of 2140 mg/l, maintaining the conditions described above. In this case Rhodotorula mucilaginous showed a removal capacity of 100 % of heavy metal while C. gastricus and S. cerevisiae had a maximum capacity of 98,5 % and 99,5 % respectively.
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    Aislamiento e identificación de levaduras a partir de efluentes de curtiembres tungurahuenses y caracterización en función a la Tolerancia a cromo (Cr) VI.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2016-03) Salazar Jácome, Pablo Andréss; Serrano Bueno, Gloria
    Tungurahua is an Ecuadorian province, which is considered one of the most important in terms of leather production and which owns on its territory 80% of the tanneries of the country. Tanneries represent a significant environmental problem due to the contamination they generate. These industries use Cr salts in the tanning process, which in turns generate effluents with high content of this material and once these get in contact with the environment, toxic effects are generated in the biota. This report evaluates the potential of native yeasts to tolerate Cr (VI). In order to achieve this, the yeasts of two tanneries effluents were isolated: a traditional and an industrialized one. There were established 1-9 test points depending on each case, starting from the reception phase until obtaining the final product, isolating in the process twenty five yeast strains. In terms of methodology, great emphasis was laid upon the molecular tools in order to identify the genera and specie of the isolated yeasts, which lead to identify eleven different species. The phylogenetic analysis classified them in three categories and in two families (Basidiomycota and Ascomycota). In order to determine stress tolerance to Cr (VI), triplicate assays were developed by using the drop plate method in presence of the metal. This allowed to observe that Candida parapsilosis, Candida zeylanoides, Rhodosporidium diobovatum, Candida humilis, Trichosporon otae y Zygowilliopsis califórnica were strains showed growth in the presence of Cr ( VI ), which in turn are suggested as a clean and autochthonous alternative to be used in the bioremediation processes for this kind of contamination.
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    Análisis de la resistencia a estrés por metales pesados de levaduras aisladas del volcán Tungurahua, Ecuador.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2016-03) Moreta Changoluisa, María Fernanda; Serrano Bueno, Gloria
    Contaminated with high concentrations of heavy metals ecosystems are a determining factor in the evolution of cell physiology of certain species of microorganisms, as they induce selection mechanisms that allow them to survive and adapt to changing conditions thereof, as it is the Tungurahua volcano. From the analysis of resistance to heavy metal stress of 10 strains of yeasts isolated from this volcanic ecosystem, could be obtained robust and viable species after treatment with increasing concentrations of heavy metals such as Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni and Cu. Metschnikowia and Rhodotorula pulcherrima were mucilaginous species showed great resilience to stress caused by all heavy metals under study, as they grew in media supplemented with; 2mM Zn, Pb, Ni and Cr, Cd and 0.2mm, and Cu, respectively. Against stress caused by a concentration of 2 mM Cu, 9 species of highly resistant yeasts and great cell viability was found, which is the metal most tolerated by the biota of the Tungurahua volcano. Despite the high toxicity of Cd, two strains of yeast was obtained; Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cryptococcus gastricus that were resistant to a significant amount of this metal 1mM. Three resistant to high concentrations of 10mM Zn strains were also found; Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Metschnikowia sp and Candida sake. With the results obtained yeast strains isolated from a natural source of environmental pollution, with the potential to tell the resistance to heavy metal stress becoming species suitable for application in bioremediation of polluted ecosystems with heavy metals such as Cu are displayed , Zn and Cd.
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    Primer estudio sobre la diversidad de levaduras asociada a un volcán: Tungurahua, Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2015) Hidalgo Escobar, Karen Cristina; Serrano Bueno, Gloria
    El volcán Tungurahua representa un ecosistema extremófilo en cuanto a sus características fisicoquímicas, las cuales deben ser soportadas por los organismos que lo habitan. Desde las faldas del volcán hasta zonas cercanas al cráter se establecieron trece puntos de muestreo, de los que se aislaron un total de doce levaduras. Estas fueron caracterizadas física y molecularmente, identificándose diez especies diferentes. El análisis filogenético las clasificó dentro de cinco órdenes distintos y, de forma equitativa, en dos familias (Basidiomicota y Ascomicota). El análisis comparativo de la diversidad de especies de levaduras asociadas a ecosistemas volcánicos, mostró que ésta, no fue influenciada por el tipo de hábitat y, posiblemente exista mayor relación entre poblaciones geográficamente próximas. Las especies Cryptococcus sp. y Rhodotorula mucilaginosa destacan por haber sido aisladas también de otros ecosistemas volcánicos. Asimismo, ésta última se considera ubicua, pues es capaz de colonizar casi todo tipo de ambiente. Los ensayos de temperatura y pH revelaron que estos factores influyentes en el crecimiento de las levaduras. Respecto a temperatura, se sugiere que el 90% pueden considerarse psicrófilas, cuya temperatura máxima de crecimiento no sobrepasa los 20 °C y, únicamente una especie, Lecythophora sp. fue capaz de crecer a 37 °C. En relación al crecimiento en medio acidificado, el 70% mostró un amplio rango de crecimiento en medio ácido (entre 2,5 y 6,5). Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, a pesar de presenta un amplio rango de crecimiento (entre 2,5 y 6,5), se puede identificar como acidófila, pues su pH óptimo de crecimiento está entre 2,5 y 4,5. Debido a las características extremófilas, en cuanto a la resistencia a bajas temperaturas y pH de las levaduras aisladas del volcán Tungurahua, estas se proponen como potencialmente aplicables en la industria biotecnológica.