Laboratorio Clínico

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    Variación del perfil hematológico y bioquímico en pacientes dializados antes y después de este tratamiento
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-03-05) Pérez Salazar, Noelia Nataly; Tabares Rosero, Lourdes Gioconda
    Introduction: Chronic kidney disease has developed in recent years and has become one of the top 10 leading causes of death worldwide. Patients undergoing dialysis require monitoring of hematological and biochemical parameters to detect the progression of the disease and assess the quality of treatment. Objective: To evaluate the variation in different parameters of the hematological and biochemical profile in patients before and after dialysis. Methods: a comprehensive literature review was conducted with 24 scientific articles obtained from digital databases such as Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed, Elsevier, related to chronic kidney disease and the measurement of hematological and biochemical parameters in patients during pre and post-dialysis. Results: Most hematological parameters, such as red blood cells, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, and platelets, significantly increase after treatment. On the other hand, both urea and creatinine decreased during post-dialysis measurements, although they did not decrease enough to reach normal values. Conclusions: Dialysis produces positive changes in hematological profile parameters, as levels increase after treatment. It also helps eliminate toxins from the blood by demonstrating a decrease in urea and creatinine.
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    Insuficiencia renal aguda: importancia del laboratorio en el diagnóstico
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-22) Barrionuevo Guerrero, Mateo Francisco; Ramos Ramírez, Martha Cecilia
    Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a disease which affects in the decreases the renal physiology, until the limit of not to excrete the waste substances from the body, producing oliguria (hypuresis) and azotemia in most of the cases. The habitual laboratory test to evaluate the renal physiology supposes and obstacle in the diagnosis of renal physiology in early stages, that is why the necessity to abord new biomarkers and specific tests to control this pathology appears. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic revision through documentary, descriptive and non-experimental method is used, from different scientific articles from 2017 until 2022. Results: The laboratory tests and the biomarkers addressed in the study help like a predictor of the acute kidney injury and it differences in various characteristics of the conventional biomarkers such as the variation in base of own parameters of the patient. Discussion: In spite of the medical attention in latino america there is no information about this pathology, that is why it is pretended to generate a debate as the quoted author mention about the uses of the biomarkers in the renal physiology. Conclusion: In the prosecution of the samples of new biomarkers show an improvement in detecting the acute kidney injury in comparison to the habitual laboratory tests.