Trabajo Social

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    El trabajo informaly los riesgos psicosociales
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-02-20) Chiluisa Chicaiza, Lady Aracely; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia Jovanna
    This research analyzes the psychosocial risks in informal work, focusing its study on the workers of the Plaza de "San Sebastián" in the Latacunga Canton. This work is relevant because psychosocial risks significantly affect the physical, mental and social well-being of workers, generating an impact on their quality of life and work performance. The main objective is to identify and evaluate the risk factors present in this population, contributing to the development of public policies and intervention strategies that improve their working conditions. The study employs a quantitative approach, allowing for the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of data. A questionnaire based on a Likert scale was designed and applied, which evaluated four key dimensions: sociodemographic data, intra-work factors, extra-work factors and stress. The data collection was carried out with the collaboration of the workers on a voluntary basis, thanks to the support ofthe president ofthe fair. The results reveal that 48% of informal workers present high or very high levels of exposure to psychosocial risks, highlighting job insecurity, insufficient income and emotional exhaustion. Additionally, 40% experience social isolation and 38% face physical health problems associated with unfavorable working conditions. Six main dimensions of risks were identified: occupational, economic, psychological, social, physical and organizational, with the lack of access to mental health services being a critical problem for 45% of those surveyed. I came to the conclusion that the psychosocial risks in informal work comprehensively affect workers, this study shows the need to implement public policies that include access to mental health services, social support networks and the gradual formalization of employment. These measures could mitigate stress, improve economic stability and promote fairer working conditions, favoring the comprehensive development of informal workers and guaranteeing their inclusion in a more equitable society.
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    El Trabajo Social y el envejecimiento saludable en adultos mayores
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-10) Aguirre León, Johanna Estefania; Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana Fidencia
    The research called, social work and healthy aging in older adults is developed in four chapters, the first chapter presents an absolute review of the literature on healthy aging, social work and their interrelation, here concepts such as active aging are addressed. , quality of life in old age, factors that influence the well-being of older people and the role of social work in promoting healthy aging. Chapter 2, regarding the methodological framework, describes the methodology used to carry out the research, details the type of study, the target population, the data collection instruments and the data analysis procedure, chapter 3 describes the results and discussion of the research, includes findings on the factors that contribute to healthy aging in older adults and the role of social work in promoting these factors, the results are discussed in the context of the theoretical framework and implications for practice are highlighted of social work. In addition, Chapter 4 includes the main conclusions and recommendations of the research, makes recommendations for social work practice, public policy and future research, emphasizing the importance of social work in promoting healthy aging and suggests strategies for strengthen the intervention of social work in this area.
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    Factores psicosociales y adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes en Hemodiálisis
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Mariño Paredes, Claudia Geilammy; Pino Loza, Eulalia Dolores
    Patients with Chronic kidney disease CKD, who receive hemodialysis treatment, face significant changes in several spheres of life that sometimes limit their adherence to treatment. Several factors converge in this process: psychological, social, economic, physical and environmental, among others. With the purpose of determining the incidence of psychosocial factors on treatment adherence in hemodialysis patients, an investigation with a quantitative approach was developed. The population consisted of 31 patients with CKD, who received hemodialysis therapy at the Clínica Integral Renal El Puyo “VIVENS”. To collect information, two instruments are applied: the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale (version adapted by Murgieri et al., 2009) and theTreatment Adherence Evaluation Questionnaire (SMAN 0.0.), (adapted by Quiroz, 2012). All patients were classified into high (68%) and medium (32%) quality of life profiles, with dimensionsrelated to the environment and physical health being the psychosocial factors with the highest incidence in these profiles. In relation to adherence to hemodialysis treatment, the level of satisfactory adherence prevailed (81%), followed by the level of high adherence (16%), and the dimension related to the healthcare team was the best valued. Using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r= 0.732), the significant relationship between the psychosocial factors variables and adherence to hemodialysis treatment is demonstrated. It is concluded that a better behavior of psychosocial factors (higher quality of life), greater adherence to hemodialysis treatment. Professionals are advised to work under a transdisciplinary model whose main focus is to improvethe quality of life of patients, as well as to monitor the behavior of psychosocial factors, in order toidentify cases at risk of nonadherence to treatment and implement intervention strategies that provide emotional support and psychosocial support to patients. patients. and relatives; as well as promotion, prevention and health education actions and intervention in groups and families
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    El uso de dispositivos móviles en la terapia ocupacional con adultos mayores
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Herrera Córdova, Liliana Maribel; Chiliquinga Vejar, Lorena del Carmen
    Occupational therapy has a fundamental role in the limitations that harm the physical, social and emotional needs in priority care groups, therefore, occupational therapy is a treatment that maintains motor and cognitive skills, allowing them to continue participating. . in activities. The techniques or tools used are the use of teaching materials, crafts, dance therapy are activities that allow working on all the physical and mental skills of older adults, however, in this study new activities were implemented to include the use of devices. mobile phones so that older adults are not left behind or isolated in the digital world. The objective of the research is to analyze the use of mobile devices in occupational therapy with older adults. The study is mixed in nature. The quantitative part was worked with two groups from the Bolívar and Benítez parishes, with a total of 40 older adults belonging to the canton of San Pedro de Pelileo and qualitatively, 10 older adults were interviewed to obtain in-depth information. The levels used were descriptive, correlational, and exploratory, each with its own synthetic, inductive-deductive and systematization analytical methods. The instrument applied was self-developed and consists of 6 sociodemographic questions and a bank of 12 questions divided into 5 sections that measure the level of satisfaction, participation, emotional and perception of occupational therapy. In addition, an interview of 3 questions was carried out with 10 older adults and 3 questions with the educators. For the interrelation of data, a semantic map was developed that consists of the triangulation of results which provides a clearer vision of the before and after. of use. of mobile devices in older adults. Although emotional and economic barriers influenced the adoption and continuity of the use of technology in activities. The results showed that the use of mobile devices and interactive applications can help keep the mind active and improve the quality of life of older adults
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    Liderazgo y resolución de conflictos
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09) Tarco Abata, Jazmín Daniela; Naranjo Ruiz, Viviana Fidencia
    Leadership and conflict resolution refer to the skills and strategies used by individuals and groups to effectively guide and manage problematic issues that arise in the community. These skills are essential to foster cooperation, promote peace and achieve general well-being in the local environment. The neighborhood faces a number of challenges that require leadership and effective conflict resolution. These challenges may include neighborhood disputes, lack of resources and services, cultural or social tensions, security concerns, and other conflicts that take away from residents' quality of life. It is essential to address and strengthen neighborhood leadership and conflict resolution, as vital skills in creating a harmonious and prosperous community environment. Creating a survey tool to be able to compare the variables and thus find the relationship between leadership and conflict resolution. By empowering local leaders and providing them with the necessary tools to manage conflict constructively, community participation is encouraged and cooperation between residents is promoted, leading to an overall improvement in quality of life. Promote the identification and development of local leaders committed to the well-being of the community, training them in effective leadership skills and providing them with opportunities to grow and collaborate with other leaders. Train leaders and members of the community in effective techniques and approaches to address and resolve conflicts, this includes promoting assertive communication, empathy and the search for beneficial solutions, establishing platforms and spaces for dialogue where residents identify their concerns, work together for solutions and participate in decision-making that affect the neighborhood, promote projects and programs that address the needs and difficulties identified by the community, such as improving basic services, creating employment and education opportunities, and strengthening social solidity in the neighborhood.
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    La responsabilidad social y la calidad de vida en adultos mayores. Caso Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito OSCUS Cía. Ltda
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-03) Villacís Urbina, Carlos Estefano; Paredes Ruíz, Teresa de Jesús
    Corporate social responsibility alters the behavior of organizations for the benefit of society. That is why the Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito OSCUS Cía. Ltda., and its axis of social management towards the elderly members of the institution. That is why the objective of the research was to determine the influence of Social Responsibility on the quality of life of the elderly. For this, the level of compliance of the Social Responsibility programs executed with the Cooperative was identified. Subsequently, the level of quality of life of the older adult members was diagnosed. Likewise, the level of influence of social responsibility on the quality of life of the elderly was determined. The method applied was quantitative and descriptive, since a survey was applied to 376 members of the vulnerable group. The evaluation axes for social responsibility were economic responsibility, legal responsibility, ethical responsibility, philanthropic responsibility. While, for the quality of life, the dimensions were physical health, psychological health, leisure, environment, and economics. The findings revealed that 54% of those surveyed assured that the COAC does not have a budget to carry out social work activities towards the community, for this reason, they assure that the principle of social responsibility imposed by the Secretary of the Economy is not being complied with. Popular and Solidarity to the COAC. Similarly, it was found that there is an influence of corporate social responsibility practices on the quality of life of senior members, since, as these practices are implemented, the well-being of the senior partner will continue to increase
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    Violencia de Genero y Empoderamiento de la mujer en el Colectivo Ana de Peralta de la ciudad de Ambato
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-03) Vargas Morocho, Fanny Gabriela; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia Jovanna
    Gender violence and female empowerment are two realities that the country is currently experiencing, on the one hand we find that the rate of violence at the national level in recent years has increased brutally, while the term female empowerment is gaining strength very slowly, This is why the objective of the research is focused on: Identifying how the empowerment of women helps to reduce gender violence. For this, we worked with 40 women who are part of the Ana de Peralta collective in the city of Ambato, with a mixed research approach, which is why documentary collection was used for the qualitative field, while for the quantitative one, we worked with two surveys, for the independent variable the survey on Social and Gender Violence in the areas of influence of the Observatories of Social and Gender Violence was used, while for the dependent variable the instrument to measure the empowerment of women was used, same ones that were made in Mexico City. At the end of the study it was possible to determine that female empowerment is one of the most important factors to eradicate gender violence
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    Migración interna y discriminación a la mujer indígena
    (Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-03) Jordán Pérez, Dayana Nicole; Espín Miniguano, Anita Dalila
    This research aims to determine the influence of internal migration on discrimination against indigenous women, a methodology with a quantitative approach was used in order to obtain more accurate results, the same one that characterized the theoretical framework of the subject under study, carried out a bibliographical and field research with the purpose of deepening the subject and carrying out inquiries in different sources and valid and reliable documents of several authors in order to know the problem and reach a feasible solution, the technique that was used was the survey through a structured questionnaire to 52 indigenous women. The results show that, by migrating internally, indigenous women have improved their quality of life, due to the access to the rights that we have as human beings and have adapted to the new context of the place where they currently reside, in relation to discrimination it is a problem that is still in force and we must take it into account to put an end to the challenges faced by indigenous women. This research topic has a line of research on social inclusion and exclusion from the perspective of Social Work
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    La influencia de la danza folclórica en la calidad de vida de los niños y niñasdel Proyecto de Erradicación del Trabajo Infantil (ETI) del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado (GAD) Parroquial Atahualpa
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato,Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2022-09) Gómez López Patricio Javier, Patricio Javier; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia Jovanna
    In this research project, we sought to determine the influence of folk dance on the quality of life of children of the Project for the Eradication of Child Labor (ETI) of the Decentralized Autonomous Government (GAD) Parroquial Atahualpa, which is located in the city from Ambato, province of Tungurahua, currently has 120 children and 5 authorities that make up the project.; The research is quantitative and qualitative;the tools that were used for this study were the survey and the interview, which were applied to the children, parents and authorities that make up said project, it was carriedout in order to know the incidence of the quality of life of the children to through folk dance. At the end of the study it was determined that dance helps children in their comprehensive development and influences their physical, mental and emotional health, for which it is necessary that the authorities of the ETI project consider resuming the dance classes that were paralyzed as a result of the pandemic.
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    Calidad de vida y violencia doméstica en las familias
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato,Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2022-09) Nuñez Nuñez, Valeria Nicole; Anita Dalila Espín Miniguano
    At present, quality of life is composed of two objective and subjective factors that are essential to address since they are understood from eight dimensions that will be markedwithin this research, also taking into account the problem to highlight as it is domestic violence that remains in force all the time and therefore affects society itself. Therefore, for this research it is important to work with a quantitative approach in order to achieve more accurate results, while the line of research worked on will be that of social inclusion and exclusion from the perspective of Social Work, so it will be known in depth if the population feels satisfied with their quality of life and if they have felt threatened by any act of violence. This type of acts are often considered normal because in many occasions patterns of violence are repeated from parents to children, which creates conflict inside and outside the home, on the other hand, parents are involved in a cycle of not ending the violence and therefore their quality of life is in decline. Therefore, it is important to socialize this type of issues from the family nucleus so that the change starts from within to achieve it with the rest of society.