Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Evaluación de dos abonos orgánicos en la producción de zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)(2024-08) Palate Amaguaña, Veronica Nataly; Velástegui Espín, Giovanny PatricioThe research project was carried out through the use of organic fertilizers such as Compost and Humus which improve crop yields, which is why it was used in the production of zucchini with the primary objective of evaluating the production of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) through the application of two organic fertilizers Compost which contains N (1.01%), P (0.02%) and K (0.10%) and Humus with a concentration of N (0.18%), P (0.21) and K (0. .13%), the amount of 2 kg/m2 was applied, a completely randomized block design (DBCA) was used, with two treatments and two repetitions plus a control. The variables studied were plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers, weight, length and diameter of the fruit. The results of this study demonstrated that the compost treatment (T1) significantly outperformed the other treatments in the evaluated variables. According to the 5% Tukey test, the T1 treatment obtained the highest plant height, with an average of 49.02 cm, compared to the humus treatment (T2) and the control, which reached 42.12 cm and 37.78 cm, respectively. Regarding the number of leaves, treatment T1 presented the highest average with 12 leaves, surpassing T2 with 10 leaves and the control with 9 leaves. Likewise, in the variable number of flowers at 45 days, T1 obtained an average of 11 flowers, while T2 and the control recorded 11 and 9 flowers, respectively. Regarding the weight of the fruits, treatment T1 reached an average of 2.11 kg, being significantly greater than T2 with 1.73 kg and the control with 1.07 kg. Similarly, the length of the fruits was greater in T1 with an average of 45.55 cm, followed by T2 with 39.22 cm and the control with 30.67 cm. Finally, the diameter of the fruits was also higher in treatment T1 with 9.58 cm, compared to T2 and the control, which obtained 9.12 cm and 7.77 cm, respectively. The compost treatment (T1) proved to be the most effective to improve the yield of the zucchini crop in terms of plant height, number of leaves and flowers, weight, length and diameter of the fruits.Item Evaluación de diferentes abonos orgánicos en el cultivo de Mora (Rubus glaucus Benth)(2024-08) Masaquiza Solina, Blanca Elizabeth; Santana Mayorga, Rita CumandáThis study was conducted on the property of Mrs. Julia Solina, located in the Artezon village, part of the Pelileo canton. The objective was to evaluate the production of blackberry (Rubus Glaucus Benth) with the application of organic fertilizers. For the implementation of the trial, a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) was used with four treatments in three replications. The data were subjected to a Tukey significance test at 5%. The variables evaluated included the number of new shoots, the length of new shoots, the diameter of new shoots, fruit weight, and the number of flowers and inflorescences per branch. The products used corresponded to the treatments: T1 (pig manure), T2 (commercial compost), T3 (cow manure), and T4 (guinea pig manure), all applied at a dose of 2 kilograms per plant per square meter every 21 days. The Tukey multiple comparison test shows significant differences between treatments. T4 (cow) with an average of 17.67 new shoots and T1 (pig) are in the same group with 18.33 (A), indicating no significant differences between them. T3 (guinea pig) is in a different group (B) with a value of 14.67, and T2 (compost) is in another group (C) with 13.44, indicating significant differences from the other treatments. Similarly, regarding the length of new shoots, it can be observed that the treatments with cow manure (T4) and guinea pig manure (T3) show the highest average shoot lengths, with 22.96 cm and 22.59 cm, respectively, compared to the treatments with pig manure (T1) and compost (T2), which show shorter lengths of 19.47 cm and 17.92 cm, respectively. The analysis of variance for the variable length of new shoots taken 30 days after the first application shows a significant difference between treatments with a p-value of 0.1712 and a coefficient of variation of 13.12%. For the length of new shoots 30 days after the first application, the data obtained indicate no statistically significant differences between the treatments regarding the diameter of new shoots, as all treatments fall within the same significance range (A). Although treatments T4 (cow) and T1 (pig) show a slightly larger average diameter (0.05) compared to treatments T3 (guinea pig) and T2 (compost) (0.04), these differences are not large enough to be considered statistically significant. Regarding yield, the classification of all treatments in the "A" range suggests that there are no significant differences in yield per plant between the different treatments at the 5% significance level. This indicates that, although there are variations in the average values—T1 (pig) with a yield of 1725.67 Kg/Ha, T3 (cow) with 1204.33 Kg/Ha, T4 (compost) with 1152.33 Kg/Ha, and T2 (guinea pig) with 941.00 Kg/Ha these differences are not statistically significant.Item Evaluación de cuatro tipos de abonos orgánicos en el rendimiento del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays) variedad tusilla(2023-09) Mendieta Andy, Verónica Jackeline; Velástegui Espín, Giovanny PatricioOne of the most important crops in the Amazon is corn, in this case the Tusilla variety was used because it is the one that most farmers work with in the Nueva Aurora location of the Shushufindi canton. The research work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating four organic fertilizers on corn yield using four replications, four treatments plus a control, the statistical method was a completely randomized experimental design. With the results it was obtained that the application of organic fertilizers in the corn crop (Zea mays) tusilla variety improves the yield level having in T1 a yield of 6411.25 kg/ha in relation to the yield of the control treatment which was 5170.25 kg/ha, that is, there is a significant difference statistically speaking with a coefficient of variation of 8, 14%, in the variable days to flowering the coefficient of variation was 1.6% being at 50 days after planting, 4.75% the coefficient of variation in the variable number of ear per plant, 3.14% and 5.15% respectively for ear size and number of grains per ear. While the variables height, number of cob, size of the cob, number of grains did not show significant differences, there was a significant difference in the yield variable, which was the main objective to know if the organic fertilizers affect the development and growth of corn. The cost-benefit relationship is related to the benefits that associations make by working with this variety of corn in the Shushufindi canton.Item Influencia de sustratos orgánicos sobre la germinación de (Brassica oleracea L. var. Milán) en el cantón Pangua el Corazón(2023-09) Yanchapanta Aguaiza, Gladys Dalida; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe present investigation was carried out with the purpose of obtaining new methodological alternatives that influence the germination of cabbage seedlings (Brassica oleracea L.var. Milan), with organic fertilizers from agricultural residues such as (corn, cocoa and banana) with a percentage of worm humus mixtures of (60% - 40% and 50% - 50%). The investigation was carried out in the province of Cotopaxi canton Pangua El Corazón. The land is located at an elevation of 377m above sea level, its coordinates are: altitude: 1º8'12.45" S and Longitude: 79º13'13.60" W. The trial used a randomized block design (B.C.A) in a 3*2 factorial arrangement with 6 treatments and 6 repetitions. An analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% were performed. Data collection was carried out 32 days after sowing. Taking as results for the germination percentage variable, the treatment that stood out was T5 (60% plantain residue + worm humus 40%) with a percentage of 80%. While in the seedling height variable the treatment that stood out the most was T6 (50% plantain residue + 50% worm humus) with a height of 8,12 cm, for the variable stem diameter and root volume the best result was obtained was treatment T6 (50% plantain residue + 50% worm humus) with a stem diameter of 2,92 mm and 0,39 root volume. cc. That is, in the research carried out, the treatments that best stood out were T5 and T6.Item Evaluación de la productividad en el cultivo de mora (Rubus glaucus Benth) mediante la aplicación de abonos orgánicos en Santa Rosa-Tungurahua(2023-03) Mazabanda Chicaiza, Erika Lizbeth; Pallo Paredes, Edwin LeonardoThe purpose of this research is to evaluate the productivity through the application of organic fertilizers in the cultivation of blackberry (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in the Santa Rosa parish, San Pablo Community, Ambato canton, Tungurahua province. For this research, the application of four organic fertilizers was carried out: chicken manure, sheep, guinea pig and E-EMAPA biosolids, at a dose of (5 t/ha and 10 t/ha) for each of the treatments. For the analysis of results, a randomized complete block design was used with a 4x2+1 factorial arrangement, with three repetitions. The data obtained were analyzed by means of ADEVA and the Tukey test at 5%. According to the field test and the statistical analysis, it was possible to determine that the highest results were: for the shoots per plant variable, the best treatment was A4B1 (Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average of 7.56 shoots/plant; for the variable inflorescences per plant, treatment A4B1 (Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average of 21.00 inflorescences/plant; for the fruit per plant variable, treatment A4B1 (Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average of 15.56 fruit/plant; for the variable content of soluble solids, the treatment A1B1 (Manure chicken manure at a dose of (5 t/ha) with an average of 7.24 content of soluble solids (°Brix); for the variable yield per plant, the treatment A4B1 ( Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average yield of 74.86 grams per plant, therefore, a minimum production increase of 20% is evident when applying the E-EMAPA biosolids in the blackberry crop.Item El uso de abonos orgánicos liquidos tipo biol y su efecto sobre los parámetros productivos en el cultivo de frejol (Phaseolus vulgaris)(2023-03) Escalante Andrade, Jeremy Samuel; Santana Mayorga, Rita CumandáThe use of bioles in agriculture is a friendly alternative to the environment because it restores the nutrients lost to the soil and provides the necessary elements for the proper development of each phenological phase of the crop, since it does not have a single composition, it has many functions. such as nutrition, pest and disease control, among others. This research project was developed in the Unamuncho neighborhood San José parish, belonging to the Ambato canton, with the purpose of evaluating the effect of applying biol-type liquid organic fertilizers on the productive parameters of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), with the application of two bioles at frequencies of 7, 14 and 21 days, being applied by the drench method, the study factors that were evaluated were, the height of plants, days to flowering, inflorescence per plant, days to harvest, number of seeds per pod and performance (weight in grams). A split plot design was used where the main plot was represented by the bioles and the subplots by their frequency. Obtained as non-significant results, leaving only numerically different results, in the same way it can be indicated that the recommended frequencies for the application of biol can be done at 7 and 14 days, in the same way any of these biols can be used since thanks to its nutritional composition helps the plant to develop regardless of climatic adversities. The two bioles help to reactivate the plants after heavy hailstorms and frosts are effects that were observed in the development of the research, it is recommended to continue using the bioles in future research in climatic conditions, crops and a different area.Item Evaluación de la incorporación de tres dosis de tres abonos orgánicos en el cultivo de Kai -Lan (brassica olerácea) var. alboglabra en la parroquia La Península del cantón Ambato provincia Tungurahua(2010) Ortiz Cargua, Adriana Elizabeth; Beltrán, OctavioAn investigation of an Evaluation of the application of three doses of three organic fertilizers in the Cultivation of Kai-lan (Brassica alboglabrá) was held in the Parroquia La Península del Cantón Ambato-Tungurahua Province, at 2550 masl with an average temperature of 16 ° C and a mean of 477 mm of annual rainfall. The General Objective was established: Evaluate the application of three doses of three organic fertilizers in the Cultivation of Kai-lan and as Specific Objectives: To carry out the taxonomic classification and morphological description of the Kai-lan (Brassica alboglabrá); Determine the best source and the best doses of fertilizers applied in the cultivation of Kai-lan in the parish of the Peninsula; Propose a basic technical sheet for the production of Kai-lan that is suitable for larger plantations and is a guide for farmers; to determine the acceptance of the Ambato population in front of a new vegetable; and, contribute to the expansion of the productive spectrum of vegetables, for the horticultural area of the parish the Peninsula. The factors under study were: Factor A: Organic Fertilizers: Chicken Manure (Al), Bovine Manure (A2) and Vermiabono (A3); and Factor B: Dose: Low (DI), Medium (D2) and High (D3). For Chicken Manure the doses were: 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 kg / m2; for Bovine Manure: 0.4; 0.8 and 1.2 kg / m2 and for Vermiabono: 0.4; 0.6 and 1.0 kg / m2 A Random Complete Blocks Design (DBCA) was applied in a factorial arrangement of 3 x 3 + 1 with a total of 10 treatments resulting from the factorial combination plus the Control in which no applied some fertilizer with 3 repetitions. The experimental unit consisted of 0.75 m2 plots. The Analysis of Variance and the Tukey Test at 5% were carried out for the sources that presented statistical significance. The evaluated indicators were: plant height at 30 and 45 days, weight of harvested stems per plant, slenderness, yield and number of harvested plants. Kai-lan was determined to be a vegetable of the brassica genus. For all indicators studied, the Factorial ranked first compared to the Witness. Regarding the variable Plant Height at 30 days, the three sources behaved similarly to the doses; Among the treatments, the following stand out: Chicken Manure * High Dose with 15.19 cm, Bovine * High Dose with 15.07 cm, Vermiabono * Medium Dose with 17.96 and Vermiabono * Dose Height with 20.22 cm the other treatments presented lower heights. In the variable Plant Height at 45 days, in the same way for Fertilizers and Dose there is a similar behavior in all the levels of these factors, in the treatments the Control and Vermiabono * Low Dose, presenting lower values of the other treatments, Vermiabano is a stand out. * High Dose with 29.24 cm and Vermiabono * Medium Dose with 25.27 cm. In the variable Weight of harvested stems per plant, in relation to Fertilizers: Vermiabono obtained 0.053 kg / plant; Regarding the Doses: High with 0.051 and Medium with 0.0445 kg / plant occupy the first places. In the treatments, Vermiabono * High Dose stands out with 0.068 kg / plant. In the Slenderness indicator, for Fertilizers we find Vermiabono and Bovino with 0.00213 and 0.00189, kg / cm, respectively; Regarding the Doses, the three behave in a similar way, while in the treatments Vermiabono * High Dose and Vermiabono * Medium Dose stand out with 0.0023 kg /. Regarding Yield, for Fertilizers Vermiabono stands out with 1.4563 kg / m2 in relation to Dose, High and Medium Dose are located with 1.39215 and 1.09526 kg / m ", while the Low Dose occupies rank B. Among the treatments is Vermiabono * High Dose with 2.12 kg / m2 in range A, Vermiabono * Average dose with 1.4307 kg / m2 in range B, the rest of the treatments are located in lower ranks. In the variable Number of Plants harvested per plot, among Fertilizers it is ranked in second place, the Witness, all other treatments rank first with an average between 19.33 and 22.67 floors. As for Dose, all three behave in a similar way. A high percentage of the Ambato population does not know about or have consumed Kai-lan, but they would very much like to. There is a very good marketing outlook for restaurants in Chinese / Asian Food. It is recommended to fertilize kai-lan with medium and high doses of vermiabono, carry out a study detailed information on the phenological development of brassica and the technical details of the entire cultivation, as well as spreading the cultivation and uses of this vegetable.Item Enraizamiento de cormos de orito (Musa acuminata AA) mediante el uso de abonos orgánicos líquidos(2017) Salazar Moyota, Verónica Janina; Jiménez, LuisThe objective of the present work was to determine the effects of two liquid organic fertilizers on rooting of Musa acuminata AA. The liquid organic fertilizers evaluated were as follows; Liquid humus from cattle (T1), beef manures (T2), control (T3), in 75% drench applications. Root mass (PMR), root volume (VR), root length (LR), foliage weight (PF), total leaf area (ATH), length and width were measured. The methodology followed was to make the applications from the 93 days of the sowing of the hills every 8 days and later to take data every 15 days. The data obtained at 181 days were used for the processing of the information in the statistical program INFOSTAT version 2015. According to the results obtained from the analysis of variance in the part of the radical system there was statistical significance in the PMR variable with an average of 331 , 67 although the variables LR and VR had no significance, they obtained a higher average than the other treatments with means of 178.45 and 330 respectively. Meanwhile, in the area of the plant there is statistical significance, where the liquid humus of cattle stands out in all the response variables: PF = 623, 33; LH = 108.12; AH = 46.63. Key words: Organic fertilizers, fluid, corms, root mass, root volume, drench.Item Evaluación de abonos orgánicos en la producción de cebolla puerro (Allium porrum L.)(2007) Garcés López, Robinson Napoleón; Valle, LucianoThe investigation work was carried out in the Querochaca Educational Experimental Farm, property of the Agronomic Engineering Faculty, of the Ambato Technical University, located in Cevallos canton, province of Tungurahua, to 2 868 m.s.n.m.; their geographical coordinates are 1 22' 03" of South latitude and 78 36' 22" of West length; in order to: to establish which of the organic manure (hen manure A1, worm humus A2, "cuy" manure A3 and manure of bovine A4), acts of better way in the production and quality in the leek onion cultivation Allium porrum L. and to determine the recommendable dose of organizational matter for the cultivation (3 D1, 4 D2, 5 D3 and 6 kg/m² D4). The treatments were 16, of combination the factors in study, more a witness, that it did not receive application from organic manures. It was applied the experimental design of complete blocks at random with factorial arrangement 4 x 4 + 1, with three repetitions. It was accomplished the analysis of agreement variance to the outlined experimental design and meaning tests of Tukey to the 5% for the sources of meaningful variation, in the variables: number of leaves by plant, length of the leaf, diameter of the pseudo stem, length of the pseudo stem, length of the plant, weight of the plant and yield. Furthermore they were effected orthogonal polynomials for the factor organic manures dose, with correlation and regression calculation. The economic analysis was effected applying the methodology of the cost benefit relationship (RBC). With the application of "cuy" manure (A3), were obtained the better results, especially in the growth and development of the plant, to be observed in the treatments that received it, pseudo stem of greater diameter (3,27 cm), as from better length (18,52 cm), consequently the plants reported greater growth in length (91,59 cm), with better weight (367,48 g), being reached the highest yields (32,29 Tm/ha). The application of the organic manures in the dose of 5 kg/m² (D3), produced the better results, improving the growth and development of the plants, especially in the diameter of the pseudo stem (3,17 cm), the growth in length of the pseudo stem (18,26 cm), length of the plant (88,11 cm), consequently the weight of the plant was increased (371,89 g). Of the economic analysis is concluded that, the treatment A3D2 ("cuy" manure, 4 kg/m²), reached the greater cost benefit relationship of 0,46, in which the obtained net benefits were 0,46 times what is invested, being the greater profitability treatment.Item Evaluación de tres abonos orgánicos y tres dosis de aplicación en la producción de lechugas orgánicas y su influencia en las características fenológicas en el cantón Píllaro(2014) Ortega Toapanta, José María; Gutiérrez Albán, AlbertoEn la Granja Agroecológica Píllaro del Gobierno Provincial de Tungurahua, se evaluó el efecto de tres abonos orgánicos y tres dosis de aplicación en la producción de lechugas orgánicas y su influencia en las características fenológicas. En el desarrollo del cultivo, en el factor A (tipos de abonos orgánicos) las variables de estudio no registraron diferencias estadísticas; numéricamente las mejores respuestas en el prendimiento de las plántulas, alturas de los repollos y perimetro de los repollos se observaron en humus de lombriz con 94,10 %; 14,69 cm y 45,69 cm, respectivamente. En las dosis de abonos orgánicos, las mejores respuestas en prendimiento de las plántulas, altura de los repollos, diametro de los repollos y peso de los repollos con 93,40 %; 14,92 cm; 16,46 cm y 0,584 Kg, se registró al aplicar 150 g de abonos orgánicos. Las mayores rentabilidades con USD $1,38 de beneficio/costo en compost. Bajos estas consideraciones, se recomienda utilizar abonos orgánicos: humus de lombriz, bocashi y compost en la producción de lechugas y aplicar hasta 150 g por planta por no haberse registrado diferencias estadísticas en las