Centro de Posgrado
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Item Programa de Rehabilitación Cardiaca Domiciliaria para mejorar la funcionalidad en adultos mayores con hipertensión(2025-03-17) Guanoluisa Chávez, Cynthia Patricia; Campos Moposita, Angela Priscila; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosHome-based cardiac rehabilitation has become a fundamental strategy to improve the health and functionality of older adults, especially those with high blood pressure. The main objective of the research was to determine the effects of a homebased cardiac rehabilitation program on the functionality of hypertensive older adults. To do so, a quasi-experimental study was carried out in which the Senior Fitness Test was applied to evaluate the functional physical condition of the participants before and after the intervention. The program consisted of an aerobic exercise regimen (continuous and interval sprint) that consisted of stretching, joint mobility and breathing exercises, carried out for 14 weeks, with supervised sessions three times a week. The most significant results showed a notable improvement in the functional capacity of older adults, evidenced by the increase in the Senior Fitness Test scores. In addition, a decrease in blood pressure levels was observed, indicating that the program not only improved physical functionality but also contributed to the control of hypertension. These findings highlight the importance of regular physical activity in the cardiovascular health of older adults. In conclusion, the home-based cardiac rehabilitation program proved to be effective in improving functionality and reducing hypertension in older adults. The continuation of this type of program and the training of health professionals for its implementation in other communities is recommended. The proposal includes the development of similar initiatives that promote physical activity and healthy habits in the older adult population.Item Programa de fortalecimiento muscular con carga para mejorar la función cardiovascular en adultos mayores institucionalizados(2025-03-17) Delgado Valencia, Lénin Abraham; Campos Moposita, Angela Priscila; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosIntroduction: Aging and sedentary lifestyle cause deterioration in muscular and cardiovascular function, however, properly prescribed physical activity decreases these negative effects on health, playing an important role as a preventive strategy in chronic pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases and reduction of mortality achieving optimization of functional capacity in aging. Objective: To determine the influence of a muscle strengthening program with load on the improvement of cardiovascular function in institutionalized older adults. Materials and Methods: Analytical, observational, longitudinal design study. First, a literature review was carried out to develop a 16-week muscle strengthening program with load; participants were evaluated with the 1RM indirect test to dose the load to be used, in addition to blood pressure, Sit to stand test, recovery heart rate and orthostatic response to evaluate cardiovascular function before and after the intervention. The population consisted of 25 participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A Wilcoxon test was performed with SPSS - 26 to compare the initial and final state. Results: A muscle strengthening program with load provokes benefits in cardiovascular function, evidenced changes in blood pressure (orthostatic pressure), recovery heart rate, muscle strength and better performance in activities of daily living. Conclusions: The results showed improvements in cardiovascular function. Orthostatic hypotension: systolic blood pressure was reduced from 52% to 28%. Diastolic blood pressure was reduced from 44% to 32%. FCR: 84% presented a risk of mortality in the FCR at 10 seconds and in the post-test it decreased to 16%. As for the recovery of the heart rate at one minute, 96% presented a risk of mortality and in the post-test this figure decreased to 0%.Item Programa de entrenamiento recreativo en base al fútbol para la funcionalidad física del adulto mayor(2025-03-13) Rivera Comina, Lisbeth Ivonne; Flores Robalino, Rosita Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosThe physical funtionality refers to the ability to carry out daily activities autonomously in the environment. The recreational football offers a modern approach that encourage both social cohesion and the practice of physical activity, key factors to improve or maintain this functionality. Therefore, the objective of this Project was to determine the effects of a recreational training program in the physical functionality of elderly. The sample included 30 elderly between 67 and 82 years old, who belong to “San Juan de Agua Santa” community in Pujili Canton. All participated in a training program based on football, which was developed during 12 weeks with a frequency of three times a week. The participants were evaluated before and after the intervention thought the Senior Fitness Test (SFT) battery and the Lawton and Brody escalation. During the training, the exercises were adapted incorporating technical, recreational and physical components, with simple and combined exercises, both with and without a ball. Each week, the number of repetitions, the difficulty and the time of the activities were gradually increased. Fort he stadistical analysis, the SPSS program was used. The results show significant improvements in the physical functionality of elderly who reach high and moderate levels of physical functionality. In addition, changes were observed in the levels of performance in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. It concludes that the recreational training program base don football is beneficial to improve the physical functionality of elderly since it strengthens their physical capacities leading to a better performance in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. These areas are closely related, since physical functionality is essential to optimally execute daily tasks that require strength, flexibility, aerobic endurance and agility.Item Estrategias de musicoterapia para disminuir el riesgo suicida en adultos mayores en situación vulnerabilidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de Posgrados, 2024-03-26) Paredes Guevara, Mónica Jacqueline; Escobar Parra, Norma DalindaItem Estimulación Basal en problemas de equilibrio en los adultos mayores(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-07-01) Pozo Martínez, Fátima Sofía Lcda; Cedeño Zamora, María Narciza Lcda. Mg.Part of the life cycle is the physical and mental ageing of the human body that is related to the deterioration of walking and balance, presenting a high rate of falls in older adults. The presented research is a descriptive investigation which uses a quantitative approach of a quasi-experimental type and cross-sectional section. It was developed in the Gerontological Day Center "El Buen Samaritano", City of Mera, province of Pastaza. The purpose of the research was the application of Basal Stimulation on balance problems in older adults, an attempt was made to reduce medical visits as a result of falls that cause fractures, chronic ailments, psychological and family problems and even social isolation; considering that this population was part of an active group in its productive age, it is necessary to contribute to the physical, mental, familiar and social health of this ethereal group. At the beginning of the research when analyzing the basal stimulation in balance problems in older adults, it was identified that in the whole population assessed only two older adults were independent in static and dynamic balance and the remaining 80% could walk with help, having between moderate and high risk of falls, otherwise, at the end of the investigation significant results were obtained, in first place the older adults improved their balance and went from a level of being able to walk with help to being independent in static and dynamic balance and in second place reducing the risk of falls to a low level, improving their lifestyle.Item Aplicación de un Protocolo de Ejercicios con Facilitación Neuromuscular Propioceptiva para mejorar rango y fuerza muscular en adultos mayores con dolor de rodillas.(2021-07-01) Manzano Vinueza, Gabriela Cristina Lcda. Ft.; Latta Sánchez, María Augusta Lcda. Ft.MgKnee pain is one of the main problems for the population over 65 years old and is related to degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis. Exercises with the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique (PNF) have been suggested as an alternative rehabilitation treatment to reduce the impacts of this frequent symptom. The purpose of this project was to apply an exercise protocol with the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique to improve range of motion and muscle strength in older adults with knee pain. Twenty older adults with an age range between 65 and 80 years from the Atahualpa parish participated, all of them performed the protocol for 12 weeks with a frequency of 1 session per week. The patients were evaluated before and after the intervention using the numerical pain rating scale, goniometric test and Daniels test. The resistance, difficulty and number of repetitions applied in the lower limb diagonals were gradually increased. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the parameters tested: pain, joint mobility and muscle strength improved after the use of PNF techniques. It is concluded that the three specific techniques: Rhythmic Initiation, Dynamic Inversions and Contraction-Relaxation belonging to the concept of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation applied in an exercise protocol increase physical capacities such as mobility and muscle strength in the older adult population aged 65 to 80 years. Future and more extensive research is necessary considering the variables or limitations that may have intervened in this study.Item Establecer la Efectividad de la Ritmoterapia en el Envejecimiento Activo en la Población Adulta Mayor(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-07-01) Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela Lcda. Ft.; Zavala Calahorrano, Alicia MarifernandaDra. Ph.DAging is a natural process that undergoes changes as age advances, in order to adapt to different life situations, where aspects such as physical and psychological functions, independence and quality of life of the elderly are affected. This progressive deterioration may depend on lifestyle, environmental and social factors; for this reason they are considered as the most vulnerable population, since deterioration not only has health implications but also social and economic ones; causing a higher risk of degenerative, chronic and even incapacitating diseases in the elderly. Active aging should be promote by implementing interesting and fun activities such as physical activities that could be combined with music considered as an integral competence, which has several elements, to achieve a successful aging as well as to improve or avoid functional deterioration. Therefore, the research aims to establish the effectiveness of rhythm therapy in active aging in the older adult population. The research has a quantitative approach and is of a quasi-experimental type, since it will be evaluate at the beginning and end of the intervention by means of scales. In addition, it was apply to the older adult population; 20 people aged 65 years and older who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria participated. The participants underwent 12 sessions of 45 minutes once a week of exercise combined with music. The post-intervention results indicate that 85% have normal cognitive functions, 35% being women and 50% men, as well as in balance and movement, 85% of the population decreased the risk of falling, where 50% are between 65-75 years of age, concluding that rhythm therapy has a positive effect on active aging.