Browsing by Author "Arroba Arroba, César Hernán"

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Análisis de amortiguadores híbridos utilizados en estructuras metálicas de edificaciones de mediana altura para mejorar su respuesta a cargas sísmicas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Jaya Guanoluisa, Mario Hernán; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The present research focused on identifying different configurations of hybrid dampers that are applicable to mid-rise buildings through the review of research, these devices were evaluated with computational tools, using the finite element method, which allowed to know the structural behavior of this type of systems with reliable mathematical models. Three types of dampers were identified that use fusible elements such as slits and weak plates to dissipate energy through deformations and contact surfaces that dissipate energy through friction, the analyzed dampers are composed especially of steel plates and surfaces of rough materials joined by bolts forming a single assembly, These devices are then adapted with welded or bolted joints to the structures, especially in the central zone of the beams, thus preventing damage to the structural element and giving way to the formation of ball joints and deformations in the fusible elements. After the analysis, the damper with the most stable behavior was identified in order to propose a proposal to improve the seismic performance and better dissipate the energy of the seismic loads.
Análisis de la influencia del proceso de galvanizado en caliente en la resistencia a la fatiga de pernos SAE grado 5 utilizados en juntas a corte para torres de telecomunicaciones
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Martínez Niquinga, Eugenio Isaías; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This experimental work was done to determine the influence of hot-dip galvanization processes to evaluate the fatigue resistance of SAE grade 5 screws, which are often used in the construction of telecommunication towers, as screws of this denomination do not come galvanized and the company that build this type of structures uses heat treatment in order to lengthen service life due to these reasons we propose the obtainment of variation in the number of cycles of the afore mentioned screws until their final fracture and to be able to give a failure criteria as use prevention and also to know the influence of screw assemblage with their thread in the plane of plate cutting. We proceeded to create a test mechanism to simulate the working conditions of the screws and to galvanize the screws in order to test them, subjecting them to cyclic strains and similar torque adjustments, maintaining the same test conditions in each case These tests showed a decline of the resistance in galvanized screws that do not have a threaded test section of 13% with respect to the screws that were not galvanized and did not have a threaded test section. The following test of screws with a threaded test section shows an extreme decrease of the resistance which surpasses 95% and is exceedingly harmful to the performance of any equipment or mechanism that uses screws in this fashion.
Análisis de la resistencia de la superestructura de autobuses interprovinciales relacionado a la ubicación del motor mediante simulación por ordenador del ensayo de vuelco
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-01) Arévalo Huaca, Henry Alexander; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
For the analysis of the strength of the superstructure related to the location of the engine, we initially created 3D multibody models of the interprovincial type vehicle, with dimensions that eventually meet the requirements set forth in the Ecuadorian Technical Standard for Intraregional, Interprovincial and Intraprovincial Public Passenger Transport Vehicles (NTE INEN 1668:2015). Each structure was assembled to a chassis with front and rear engine respectively. In order to identify the variation of the resistance they experience in a rollover event, similar characteristics were assigned to the two models. Then, the preparation of the models was carried out, that is to say, the errors in the geometry were repaired, then a finite element mesh was generated with the recommended quality indexes. Next, the pre-processing was performed, the initial, boundary and control conditions were defined. Finally, the solution was executed and it was mainly evaluated whether any element of the superstructure invaded the survival space described in the Ecuadorian Technical Standard for Motor Vehicles, Bus Bodies (NTE INEN 1323:2009) and Regulation No. 66 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE R66) by analyzing each of the sections and frames. In addition, the energies produced were examined in order to determine how each model adapts to the requirements of these regulations.
Análisis de lesiones producidas en el vuelco de autobuses interprovinciales evaluadas según los criterios del reglamento N 95 de la comisión económica para Europa (CEPE) de las naciones unidas utilizando el modelo computacional antropométrico del maniquí ES-2 mediante el software Ansys Ls-dyna Research
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-09) Niachimba Muñoz, Joselyn Jessenia; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This work details the modeling process of the truss of an interprovincial bus, using the Ecuadorian technical standard NTE INEN 1668 - Intra-regional, interprovincial and intraprovincial for public passenger transport vehicles. The main purpose is to analyze injuries produced in the rollover of interprovincial buses evaluated according to the Regulation N 95 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). In the initial stage, a diagnosis of the current situation of bus bodies was made, which shows the level of compliance with the requirements of INEN 1323, which refers to the UNECE/ECE R66, which describes that body manufacturers who wish to homologate a bus model must carry out the bus rollover test, to guarantee that the survival space is not invaded. The research concluded that the use of two-point and three-point seat belts gave us similar behavior in the dummies when simulating the rollover of the structure, which demonstrates the importance of using either type, since failure to use them could result in serious damage to passengers.
Análisis de los efectos de las cargas dinámicas durante el impacto frontal de autobuses sobre los pasajeros
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Guananga Guevara, Luis Leonardo; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This thesis work analyzed the behavior of the superstructure of a bus subjected to a dynamic frontal crash, using the Ecuadorian regulation NTE INEN 1688- Intraregional, interprovincial and intraprovincial public passenger transport vehicles. The purpose is to analyze the injuries produced in a dynamic frontal crash of interprovincial buses, which will be evaluated according to the criteria of regulation R80 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The regulation is based on a real situation of a standardized dynamic frontal crash. For the analysis of the superstructure, the front part of the passengers was considered, three simulations were carried out: without seat belt, with two-point and three-point seat belt, in each test a hybrid III dummy was used, which is placed in a mobile structure that has an acceleration pulse as indicated in the R80 UNECE regulation. With the investigation of the results obtained, it was demonstrated that the use of twopoint and three-point seat belts provide a similar behavior in the dummy when simulating a frontal crash of the selected part of the bus structure, so it is very important to place any of these two belts for the passengers, since if they are not used, it shows serious injuries.
Análisis de los efectos del airbag del conductor de autobús en colisiones frontales mediante simulación
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-08) Acosta Ramón, Diego Hernán; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The present thesis work was carried out in order to analyze the effects of the airbag produced in interprovincial bus drivers, for which airbags were located in its structure and later simulations of frontal crashes were carried out using the CEPE R94, RMDB regulation. by EURONCAP and NHTSA put into effect from the year 2020. For the initial stage, the interprovincial bus was selected to model the structural contribution elements using CAD software, later ANSYS LS-DYNA RESEARCH was used for the simulation, where the selection of the airbag and its adequate position was taken into account, the dummy Hybrid III that allowed to measure 8 injury criteria established by the R94 regulation, and the barriers for frontal and oblique impacts given by EURONCAP and NHTSA. Once the necessary elements and parameters were entered into the software, the simulations began, which consist of 4 crashes with and without airbags, one frontal and the other with an oblique phase shift of 15 degrees. Once the simulation was completed, the results were compared and interpreted. With the investigation it was concluded that the use of the airbag is harmful during frontal crashes and that they are not important, because they increase the injuries in the driver, this being verified by obtaining results that exceed the limits given by the criteria of injuries in the dummy of the regulation. R94.
Análisis de los refuerzos estructurales no convencionales en la deformación de bisagra plástica, en colisiones de vuelco de autobuses según el procedimiento de la CEPE R66, por medio de simulación computacional empleando software CAE
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Caisaguano Moreano, Santiago Alexander; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This thesis work was carried out with the aim of analysing the influence of nonconventional structural reinforcements on plastic hinge deformation in bus rollover accidents. For this purpose, an interprovincial bus was modelled using the Ecuadorian technical standard NTE INEN 1668 as a tool. Subsequently, ANSYS LS-DYNA RESEARCH was used to simulate the structural elements of the model. The rollover test simulations are carried out following the specifications of the UNECE R66 Regulation with the objective of evaluating the impact resistance and occupant safety in the event of a vehicle rollover. The research concluded that the use of structural reinforcements significantly improved the strength and safety in bus rollover crashes. Computational simulation made it possible to analyse the deformation of the bus structure. In addition, the use of non-conventional structural reinforcements, such as multicell and sidewall-floor joints, proved to be an alternative to strengthen the bus body in rollover collisions. On the other hand, the use of aluminium foam as structural reinforcement did not provide a significant improvement in the strength and safety in bus rollover collisions.
Análisis de sistemas de protección frontal y posterior contra el empotramiento en colisiones de vehículos livianos con vehículos de categoría N2 para verificar el cumplimiento de las regulaciones N°58 y N°93 de la UNECE en la empresa Master Metal
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Perdomo Campaña, Luis Eduardo; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
In the industry of vans for trucks, it was clear that the process of construction of the protective devices on the front and rear it is carried out in an empirical way, as there is no study on the resistance of these devices, there is a machine of impact to evaluate the resistance of the protective devices due to the high cost. This research is based on the simulation of the impact test on the front and back of the underrun protection systems manufactured by MasterMetal using a specialized software in finite element analysis, in order to determine whether the settings of the front underrun protection systems ensure the impact resistance during and after the test, as determined by the Regulations N°58 and N°93 (UNECE). The study found for the mechanical properties of the materials used in the manufacture of the protective devices, characterized in this way, the material, the validation of the results issued by the specialized software simulating the tensile test and comparing the results with those obtained from the physical testing. A modification was made in both protection devices demonstrating compliance with approval requirements described in the regulations N°58 and N°93 (UNECE).
Análisis del uso de tecnologías para el suministro de energías basadas en agentes en el sector residencial del Ecuador Continental
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-03) Prieto Carvajal, Carlos Andrés; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This project can serve as a reference framework for the future, since it will show the energy potentials that the country has and it is also focused on exposing the outstanding technologies that exist around the planet for the different demands of the residential sector. For this, a model based on ABM (Agent Based Method) was created, which allows us to simulate the behavior of different individual decision makers who base their actions depending on their objectives or goals and rules that are given to them. With this model several objectives were achieved, such as: the intentions, the technological replacements for the heating demand that will be carried out in the different agents in the period 2020- 2050, the costs that this replacement will represent for the entire population of agents, such as the demand for heating in the residential sector would behave, what type of energy is the most pleasing to the agents, what are the reasons of some agents that replaced their technology, how it has reduced greenhouse gas emissions and how consumption is going to change of the different energies of the country in the demand for heating.
Análisis mediante el método de elementos finitos del ensayo estático según la norma INEN 2708 de la estructura del asiento de transporte público interprovincial para verificar su conformidad en la empresa Sistemas de Asientos American
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2016) Astudillo Bautista, Fausto Sebastian; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
In the seating industry passenger bus in the country the process of construction of the structure of the seats is done by hand because there are no studies on the strength of the structure is reflected, and most producers already have their model defined and shaped, that is where the implementation of the rules NTE INEN 2708 as it focuses not comply with those rules. In this study the mechanical properties of the materials were determined by uniaxial tensile test of materials constituting the structure of the two seat models which are manufactured in the company Seat System AMERICAN with the finite element method the resistance was found of the whole seat structure applying loads at different positions and heights as indicated by the standard INEN NTE 2708 in appendix 12. After simulating the seat strength it was found that the seat resists all the time of application of the load thus fulfilling the Ecuadorian NTE INEN 2708 standard.
Análisis numérico experimental de los componentes del material compuesto alternativo de matriz epoxi reforzada con fibras sintéticas utilizado para la fabricación y reparación de superficies de vuelo en las aeronaves del CIDFAE
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020) Telenchana Flores, Manuel David; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The study of composite materials allows the use of new technological alternatives for the elaboration of aircraft elements. The analysis of these materials has a great value within the aeronautical field in view that the percentage of elements manufactured with this type of materials has been increasing, because the weight and operating costs of an aircraft are reduced. This research performs the characterization of the composite material of epoxy matrix reinforced with layers of flat fabric of synthetic fibers (carbon, aramid and glass) in different orientations which was achieved by combining manual stratification and vacuum, the compounds were subjected to tensile, bending and impact tests. In addition, a mathematical model is presented which predicts the elastic properties of the material based on a generalization of classical sheet theory. Finally, finite element simulation was used to contrast actual and experimental displacement results. The characterization and analysis of the tests determined that carbon fiber-reinforced compounds possess the best mechanical performance at traction and bending; however, aramid fiber-reinforced compounds have better impact resistance. The analytical method used to calculate elastic properties yielded results where the error percentage is in a range of 1percent-19 percent, while software simulation comparing the offset within the elastic zone yields error percentages not exceeding 0.2 percent.
Comportamiento a flexión de conexiones apernadas tipo Brida en estructuras de telecomunicaciones tipo monopolo, empleando el método de elementos finitos y validación con prototipo a escala
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Sánchez Guerrero, Johnny Homero; Lagos Zamora, Christian David; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The present investigation is developed in order to identify the main causes of failure in bolted connections type flange used in structures type monopole subjected to bending due to the incidence of wind loads according to the considerations of design and analysis proposed by the Association of the Telecommunications Industry in the TIA-222-G standard. The information was collected through a theoretical-technical review of the functional and service characteristics to which the connections are exposed, using bibliographic resources and field measurements, and the behavior of bending was analyzed using the finite element method. of a structure of 6 sections using solid elements and shell elements in order to verify the proposed analysis methodology. The experimental analysis includes tests to flex the prototype to scale in a test bench. Said test was carried out in ten stages: 1) Analysis of finite element analysis data, 2) Determination of height-displacement relationship, 3) 3D geometric modeling of several prototypes, 4) Finite element testing of prototypes, 5) Analysis of the results of the finite elements test of the prototypes, 6) Selection of the most optimal prototype, 7) Design and construction of the test bench, 8) Experimental tests in the test bench, 9) Taking and recording data of parameters of load and displacement by means of a balance type crane and a comparator clock, 10) comparison of the results obtained by the analysis by finite elements and the physical test. In order to optimize the joints studied, an experimental test was carried out using finite element software, varying the thicknesses and the number of bolts of the joints in the structure of 6 sections and the prototype that allow to elaborate a simplified model by obtaining the characteristics of the behavior and of the equations that make it possible to reproduce the non-linearity present in this type of structure with the help of a software for matrix resolution. Finally, we verified the results obtained by checking the deviation of the results obtained in the metamodel, the experimental tests and the FEA analysis, optimizing the flexural analysis of the flanged joints of monopole structures, reducing the processing time and the computational cost.
Comportamiento a flexión de conexiones apernadas tipo Brida en estructuras de telecomunicaciones tipo monopolo, empleando el método de elementos finitos y validación con prototipo a escala
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Lagos Zamora, Christian David; Sánchez Guerrero, Johnny Homero; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The present investigation is developed in order to identify the main causes of failure in bolted connections type flange used in structures type monopole subjected to bending due to the incidence of wind loads according to the considerations of design and analysis proposed by the Association of the Telecommunications Industry in the TIA-222-G standard. The information was collected through a theoretical-technical review of the functional and service characteristics to which the connections are exposed, using bibliographic resources and field measurements, and the behavior of bending was analyzed using the finite element method. of a structure of 6 sections using solid elements and shell elements in order to verify the proposed analysis methodology. The experimental analysis includes tests to flex the prototype to scale in a test bench. Said test was carried out in ten stages: 1) Analysis of finite element analysis data, 2) Determination of height-displacement relationship, 3) 3D geometric modeling of several prototypes, 4) Finite element testing of prototypes, 5) Analysis of the results of the finite elements test of the prototypes, 6) Selection of the most optimal prototype, 7) Design and construction of the test bench, 8) Experimental tests in the test bench, 9) Taking and recording data of parameters of load and displacement by means of a balance type crane and a comparator clock, 10) comparison of the results obtained by the analysis by finite elements and the physical test. In order to optimize the joints studied, an experimental test was carried out using finite element software, varying the thicknesses and the number of bolts of the joints in the structure of 6 sections and the prototype that allow to elaborate a simplified model by obtaining the characteristics of the behavior and of the equations that make it possible to reproduce the non-linearity present in this type of structure with the help of a software for matrix resolution. Finally, we verified the results obtained by checking the deviation of the results obtained in the metamodel, the experimental tests and the FEA analysis, optimizing the flexural analysis of the flanged joints of monopole structures, reducing the processing time and the computational cost.
Comportamiento de la conexión precalificada placas apernadas al alma y al ala (BFP) con columna tipo tubular aplicada en pórticos resistentes a momento
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Martínez Andino, Christian Andrés; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
En esta investigación se propone una variante a la conexión Bolted Flange Plate BFP usando columna cajón aplicada a una edificación de cuatro niveles destinada a funcionar como oficinas en la ciudad de Ambato. La conexión fue diseñada bajo los requisitos del AISC, y estudiada numéricamente usando el método de elementos finitos MEF con el software Ansys LS-DYNA Research por su alta potencia y eficiencia en los resultados. La simulación se ejecutó aplicando cargas cíclicas en los extremos de las vigas de acuerdo a lo establecido en la especificación AISC 341. Para el análisis numérico se consideró cuatro modelos o nudos que forman parte de la edificación con una, dos, tres y cuatro vigas de llega a las caras de la columna. Finalmente el comportamiento de la conexión se evaluó mediante la construcción de las conocidas curvas de histéresis momento vs rotación, teniendo resultados favorables al cumplir con los requisitos de rotación correspondiente a una deriva de piso de 0.04 radianes y alcanzar más del ochenta por ciento del momento plástico.
Construcción del componente Wing Tip - Fairing Assy aplicando técnicas de ingeniería inversa y utilizando materiales alternativos para la flota de aeronaves de las Fuerzas Armadas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2021-04) Palacios Palacios, Hugo Wilfrido; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
For the process reverse engineering of the component began with a fiberglass replica which serves as a matrix for the initial pattern. It is taking as a model and making dimensional corrections concerning the original model. However, a replica model was obtained which was used to manufacture the final mold. On the other hand, to create a CAD model of the original part, a 3D scan and digitization were applied to later perform a treatment to the point cloud and obtain a surface of the model. The materials proposed for the construction of the component are; fiberglass, Kevlar fiber, carbon fiber, and copper mesh, with an Aeropoxy resin matrix. The process used to manufacture the component was using a vacuum bag, since it allows to achieve good lamination properties. With the Ansys Research software, component tests were carried out simulating a cruise flight with the proposed material. With which it was possible to establish deformation and stress values and through a failure criterion for composite materials to determine the inverse reverse factor and a safety factor. It can help you evaluate if the material fails or not. The results obtained from the simulation determined that the greatest stresses are concentrated in the area of the component holes, especially in the soffit and on the leading edge. The material proposed for the construction of the component reaches the established requirements.
Determinación de configuraciones estructurales de un frente de autobús interprovincial y su incidencia en la resistencia al impacto frontal mediante el método de elementos finitos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2016) López Ortiz, Santiago Alejandro; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The Research is based on the frontal impact simulation of the front section bus with the Finite Element Method for analyzing the resistance of different structural configurations and verify compliance with Regulation ECE R29. To simulate the geometry of the main components of an interprovincial bus involved in a frontal impact was made by allocating the material's mechanical properties and boundary conditions to recreate the closest to real event, then was determined that Structural Elements they are more affected during the crash in order to change their characteristics and create models that can be evaluated under the same test conditions. From the obtained models are validated and analyze numerical simulation results in order to find a structural configuration with which none of the components of the body intrudes driver survival space and comply with regulations UNECE R 29.
Diseño del sistema de gestión basado en la Norma Técnica Ecuatoriana INEN ISO/IEC 17020 (Requisitos para el funcionamiento de diferentes tipos de Organismos de Inspección), en la Empresa Paredes & Salinas ASEDEIME CÍA. LTDA
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Vaca Calero, Diego Alejandro; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The present project details the process of Design of the Management System applied to the company PAREDES & SALINAS ASEDEIME Cía. Ltda., Using as a tool the Ecuadorian technical standard NTE INEN ISO / IEC 17020: Edition 2013, "ASSESSMENT OF CONFORMITY - Requirements for the operation of various types of bodies performing inspections ". The fundamental purpose is to develop the necessary documentation for the implementation of a management system, which is in conformity with the requirements of the standard. In the initial stage, a diagnosis was made of the current situation of the company, which reveals the level of compliance with the requirements of the management regulations. With these results the work was carried out in the different sections in order to cover each item ranging from legal, contractual and commitment issues, organizational structure, personnel requirements, requirements of facilities and equipment, process requirements, to requirements of the management system. The entire documentary management system was generated, such as: quality manual, management procedures, policies, contracts, reviews, audits and the technical documentary system such as: technical procedures, instructions and records related to the inspection activity. Once implemented the management system and the generated documentation it is intended that the company PAREDES & SALINAS ASEDEIME Cía. Ltda., Reach an acceptable level of compliance and initiate a process of designation or accreditation before the corresponding governmental entities.
Diseño mecánico de una planta de extracción de co2 supercrítico para la obtención de fitocannabionoides a partir de biomasa de cannabis no psicoactivo.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) García Núñez, Daniel Andrés; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This project resolved the need to design the equipment for the extraction of supercritical fluids, in order to provide support to industries that choose to acquire this type of equipment abroad at very high costs. By means of the use of ASME codes and standards section VIII div 1 and div 2 used in Mechanical Engineering and used in this project, allowed the mechanical dimensioning of the extractor, collector and separator tanks. By means of CAD modeling, each tank was geometrically dimensioned taking into account the requirements of the production levels, and the resistance of each tank under operating conditions was also evaluated through simulation. At the end of the design and simulation of the extractor tanks, it was found that each one of them withstands the assigned design pressure with total safety, with the use of Super Duplex 2507 Stainless Steel and 316L steel that ensure the resistance and integrity of the tanks subjected to high pressures.
Diseño y construcción de la estructura tubular para la carrocería del prototipo de un auto eléctrico BIPLAZA UTA-CIM17
(2018) Lizano Núñez, Carlos David; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
This project is of great interest from the innovative point of view as it contributes to the growing tendency to project towards the use of non-polluting energies such as the use of fossil fuels. The present project was elaborated in some phases, first designing the geometry considering spaces and distribution of components, the selection of the material was very important considering some materials it was decided to build the floor of the interior, the front and back with galvanized structural steel pipe ASTM A-500 of (30x30x2) mm and the ceiling with tube (25x25x1.5) mm, based on these parameters it was needed a CAD / CAE software to visualize the design and the forms, the next phase was to calculate the states load that would be subject to the structure such as vertical loads, braking, acceleration, rotation, resistance to wind and torsion, with the values of the loads was proceeded to simulate with the help of the ANSYS student version program to obtain results of displacements, Von Misses effort and essential safety factors for the design. Finally, in the construction phase, the selected profiles were cut and welded using GMAW ER70S-6 welding, while the structure was assembled also the other subsystems accompanying the structure were assembled as suspension, propulsion and steering.
Diseño y construcción de un empalmador automático de INNER-LINERS para la empresa Continental Tire Andina S.A., en la ciudad de Cuenca, provincia del Azuay
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Mera Moya, Jorge Hernán; Arroba Arroba, César Hernán
The Inner-Liner automatic splicing system of inner- liner, was originated from the need of Continental Tire Andina S.A. to optimize the Roller Head Machine. It produces sheets of unvulcanized rubber with different composition, which shapes the inner-liner. The Roller Head machine works with different compounds the first compound needs to be rolled up and stored until the second compound is ready for splicing. In the current conditions, the splicing is done manually and a modification is required in the machine in order to automate this operation. The upgrade of the Roller Head machine is expected to save around $ 200,000 per year in reprocessed material and calibration times. The project was developed with the initial parameters on the material and its requirements, provided by the company's Laboratory, which allowed the sizing and selection of components according to the needs of this operation. The calculations for the design of the splicing system were complemented using a Finite Element Simulation Software; the existing structure was analyzed statically, while the designed components were also evaluated statically and in modal form to validate their use in this system according to normal working conditions. The traction elements, sensors and conveyors were selected based on the existing inventory in the warehouse of the company, in order to standardize the components and have a stock available in the event of a breakdown. The construction and assembly of this system was based on the hiring parameters of the company, and was therefore permanently overseen by the Project Department of Continental Tire Andina S.A. To comply with the parameters designed in this project and the requirements of this multinational company.