Browsing by Author "Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene"

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Análisis y medidas de control de las vibraciones mecánicas transmitidas al cuerpo humano para disminuir los riesgos en trabajadores de la empresa Molinos Miraflores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-02) Sánchez Pérez, Jairo Renán; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
This work aims to prevent and improve the work environment. The food industry has implemented technological equipment to optimize resources and time; However, the operator who is in contact with these machines is exposed to the emission of mechanical vibrations, affecting physiological health. Companies have production systems, so the machines do not have specific oscillations, but they do generate time, magnitude, and direction to which the operator is exposed. The research was carried out by collecting information through direct observation and technical visits to the main sources of vibration in which the operator carries out each activity. The use of methods of evaluating the risks caused by mechanical vibration exposed in the NTP INEN-ISO 2631 and 5349 standards provide results of exposure to daily vibration to apply the Executive Decree 2393 that focuses on the safety and health of employees and improvement of the work environment. With the results, it was identified that the exposure doses of each operator are tolerable and values less than 1 in type of full-body vibration and vibration by hand-arm system, therefore it is concluded that the exposure doses do not affect the working conditions of the worker. It has been proposed to establish a preventive control plan with records of activities and protective equipment that the operator must use during the working day to reduce exposure to vibrations mechanics.
Aplicación de la norma NTE INEN 2207: 2002 en la medición de emisiones de gases en vehículos a diesel en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato campus Huachi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-08) Pérez Gavilanes, Christian Saúl; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The objective of this technical project is to determine the gas emissions produced by diesel vehicles circulating at the Technical University of Ambato Campus Huachi, using the exhaust gas analyser of diesel engines MDO 2 LON, previously chosen among several teams and being the optimal for the development of this work, the percentage of opacity was specifically determined, this term is understood to mean the value of the decrease in the magnitude of visible light generated by an element when passing through the light, in addition the oil temperature, the RPM, and the value k were determined, being this an equivalent of the percentage of opacity with different units such as the meters at least one , in order to be able to determine whether they comply with the limits set out in NTE INEN 2207:2002, which are subdivided into two groups of vehicles, those of 1999 and earlier, and those of 2000 and later, Taking into account that the specific standard for motor vehicles does not exclude any vehicle, 62 vans, 3 trucks and 6 buses were submitted for analysis. A global analysis of the entire vehicle fleet was carried out, determining the type of vehicle that most pollutes the environment with 79 percent opacity percentage is the bus brand Chevrolet of the year 2008, In addition, with the help of the Pearson Correlation, an individual analysis was carried out by brand and type of vehicle, obtaining in all cases a negative trend line , that is, as the value of one variable decreases, the other variable increases, this is presented below in graphs and tables.
Caracterización mecánica de un material compuesto de matriz poliéster reforzado con partículas de laurel y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-08) Andrango Pillajo, Wilmer Armando; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The present experimental work was carried out with the purpose of defining the mechanical properties of a composite material formed by polyester resin and reinforced with laurel particles. For which two types of configurations and three types of volumetric variations were used, in order to establish the ideal combination that has the best mechanical properties of the composite material. In this investigation, tensile, flexural and impact tests were carried out under the norms ASTM-D3039, ASTM-D7264 and ASTM-5628, which established the ideal dimensions for the preparation of the specimens. Where later the results obtained from each of the configurations and volumetric variations obtained from the composite material were rehearsed and tabulated statistically. The type of stratification was by compression using a welded steel matrix ASTM-A36, which guaranteed us a smooth surface and an excellent surface finish of the material. Through the study carried out it was possible to determine that the best mechanical properties of the composite material fall on the type A configuration, with a particle size of 500 microns and with a volumetric fraction of 30 percent of laurel particle reinforcement plus 70 percent of polymer matrix of polyester resin. Showing results in maximum tensile stress of 27.39 Mpa, tensile elastic modulus of 2214.71 Mpa, maximum deformation 1.32 percent, maximum flexural stress of 117.09 Mpa, flexural elasticity modulus of 6924.7 Mpa, maximum deflection 3.46 mm and impact resistance of 0.19 J.
Control de riesgos mecánicos y ergonómico en los procesos de fabricación de la carrocería de buses urbanos para los trabajadores de la Empresa Carrocera M&L de la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Aranda Llamuca, Ricardo Alfredo; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
In the present project, a control of mechanical and ergonomic risks was carried out in the manufacturing processes of urban buses in the M & L bodywork company in order to improve the working environment in the workers. The project began with the analysis of all the manufacturing processes and the activities carried out in them to identify the existing mechanical and ergonomic risk factors that could cause damage to workers' health. For the evaluation of the factors found in the activities with high possibility of risk in the manufacturing processes, the William fine method was used to analyze the mechanical risk factors and the RULA methods, NIOSH equation, OCRA Checklist for the factors of Ergonomic risk. As a result of the evaluation of the mechanical risk it was obtained that 25% of the mechanical factors found in the manufacturing processes need an immediate action while the evaluation of the ergonomic risk we show that 24% of the activities carried out for the manufacture of bodyworks They need immediate action. An occupational risk prevention plan was developed in order to control the mechanical and ergonomic risks existing in the manufacturing processes.
Desarrollo de la documentación relativa a los recursos del LAM-UTA acorde a la norma ISO/IEC 17025- 2018
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-09) Martínez Garzón, Andrés Patricio; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The problem addressed in this research was the lack of standardized and updated documentation in the Motion Analysis laboratory of the Technical University of Ambato (LAM-UTA), which hinders compliance with the requirements of the standard and the quality assurance of the services offered. The main objective is to develop the required documentation so that LAM-UTA can adapt to the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025-2018, in order to improve the quality of the services offered and its competitive position in the market. The methodology employed consisted of a bibliographic and documentary review of the ISO/IEC 17025-2018 standard, analysis of the current situation of LAM-UTA and design of the required documentation. The research approach was quantitative, since relevant data collection and statistical study that allows determining behavior patterns, these promote the justification of the Implementation of the ISO/IEC 17025-2018 Standard, quantitative of applied type, since it will allow the description of the problematic evidenced in the study area. The results of the research show that, LAMUTA, does not have any document because it is a new laboratory to be created, where 7 procedures are proposed that will allow achieving greater efficiency in the management of resources. In conclusion, the research has allowed the development of the documentation required for LAM-UTA to adapt to the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025-2018, to contribute to the quality of the services offered and its competitive position in the market.
Desarrollo de un plan de mantenimiento preventivo para los contenedores y cajas compactadoras de residuos sólidos de la EPM GIDSA de la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-10) Rueda Barahona, Luis Andrés; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
This technical project is developed based on the needs of having an adequate preventive maintenance of the containers and compactors of the EPM GIDSA, for the establishment of the quality of the containerized solid waste collection service. Before to the development of the maintenance plan, the identification of the current status of the equipment was required, for which an inspection and monitoring record was carried out on the different collection routes existing in the city, this allowed to know the number of equipment that works correctly and the number of equipment that have failures, as well as the most frequent functional failures. The scheduling of maintenance activities was carried out based on the knowledge of the operational status of the equipment and the determination of its critical components through the execution of an analysis of failure modes, effects and criticality AMFEC based on a follow-up to the procedure developed in the NTP 679 regulations. The maintenance plan indicates the monthly activities to be carried out during the year 2021 as well as their frequency, which can be daily, weekly, monthly, semi-annual, or annual, depending directly on the degree of criticality obtained in the developed analysis
Desarrollo de un sistema de gestión de seguridad industrial y salud ocupacional para la prevención de riesgos y accidentes laborales dirigido a los colaboradores de la empresa Clima Center de la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-02) Díaz Tandazo, Germán Mauricio; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
Since the company Clima Center does not have an Industrial Safety Manual, the legal obligation of the companies was analyzed, so measures were implemented with this project to minimize or eliminate occupational hazards. First of all, we reviewed the physical risks, such as noise, lighting and ergonomics, since these are the risks to which employees are most exposed. A quantitative analysis was carried out, which made it possible to establish an evaluative diagnosis of the organization's situation, which adopts guidelines to condition continuous improvement. A procedural framework for training in incidents and nonconformities was developed, as well as the corrective actions to be implemented. The physical, mechanical and ergonomic factors that the collaborator must assume in the daily activities were verified integrally, to prevent occupational risks, with which measures are taken as: information, training, improvement in infrastructure, signage, provide safety equipment according to the activity performed, complying with the Regulation of Safety and Health of Workers that appears in the "Executive Decree 2393" that in Ecuador all companies both public and private must comply with.
Diseño de un plan de seguridad enfocado a los factores de estrés térmico para los trabajadores en el área de fundición de hierro de la microempresa El Mundo de la Polea de la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-02) Tirado Gutiérrez, María José; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The company "El mundo de la polea", has a problem relationated with high temperatures, this is a drawback for workers. In the iron foundry area, there are five workplaces, where is one worker for area, these were evaluated and determined that exist thermal heat stress risk. In order to determine the thermal heat stress risk, the heats stress index was applied WBGT using the NTP 322 it need different temperatures, the WBGT Reed R6200 WBGT measuring device was used and the metabolic rate of each worker applying NTE INEN ISO 8996 standard, the metabolic rate of each activity and its respective period was used. It was determined that in four out of five workplaces are thermal heat stress risk. In order to mitigate the risk a security plan was elaborated. Training was provided on topics such as: first aid, industrial safety, appropriate clothing for working in high temperatures, among others, and hydration drink dispensers were also set up, since when working at high temperatures the body generates sweat trying to maintain an adequate temperature and not suffer health damages. Finally clothing work and personal protective equipment was implemented.
Diseño de una prótesis ergonómica para el uso de una persona con discapacidad en su extremidad inferior
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Vaca Lara, Alex Orlando; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
A feasibility analysis of three alternatives is carried out for the development of the prosthesis with different mechanisms, based on the weighted criteria of low cost, functionality and reliability, ease of manufacturing and assembly, technological innovation and ergonomics. It was made a measurement of the anthropometric dimensions of a sample of 360 adult male people to determine the body measurements that should be considered in the design of the prosthesis for the dimensioning of the elements. From the weighting of the criteria, it is established that cost, functionality and reliability have a greater weight. Under considerations exposed, alternative 1 was selected consisting of a prosthesis with hydraulic drive, which has three main components such as a socket, a leg with a hydraulic cylinder inside and a template that meets the function of the human foot. The materials considered are for the case of the carbon fiber socket, the PP Polypropylene leg and the POM polymer acetal template. The construction of the leg and the template is done through a molding process complemented by a finish by polishing and painting. By checking the stress resistance of Von Mises or Distortion Energy, it is determined that the maximum tension is 44.85 MPa, with a design safety factor of 3.8, which is higher than the required minimum of 2.5.
Diseño ergonómico de los puestos de trabajo en el área de control de calidad en la empresa Textil Corporación Impactex Cia. Ltda.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) López Ortega, Julio César; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
This technical project was developed for necessity to perform an ergonomic design of quality control area in Corporación Impactex CIA.LTDA, it takes main attention on users who presented symptoms of a possible musculoskeletal disorder in execution of their various activities. There’re some factors were identified mainly in forced postures, loads lifting and repetitive movements. Besides, to determine the risk levels with internationally recognized methods, to see if they are suitable to the requirements of the worker. For this reason, it´s stablished a program for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders is established, through the use of necessary anthropometric measures and ergonomic principles of workplace design. For this study the most important fact was to identify the risk factors to which workers are exposed in the area of quality control, applying the standardized Nordic questionnaire to assess the risk levels of each job, then an anthropometric study of the operators based on the standard NTE INEN-ISO 7250-1, with the purpose of proposing an adequate ergonomic design to improve the well-being when performing each of the activities, creating dimensional standards to adapt the measures of the workstation to the user, both in seated and standing position, with the purpose of reducing risk levels and providing benefits to the company with the increase of productivity and efficiency.
Diseño ergonómico y construcción de zancos industriales que cumplan criterios ergonómicos y antropométricos para trabajos a desniveles
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Cuesta Chávez, Michelle Katherine; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
Giving solution to the need of count on a tool that helps workers to execute works on level, as a classic work on scaffolding occupy space that could be better used, without count on limited performance that entails use of these, also the risk of its labor is associated. Through previous researches, was discovered that many countries implement pairs of stilts as a mechanical tool that support works on levels, these stilts have a special design that helps worker to have more stability and could realize its work without difficulties; finding factibility on this solution, it proceeded to considering anthropometric measures on its design, calculation and construction. In this project a population research was made and workers cores, for can take the established measures, these would be tabulated and analyzed with the purpose of getting most appropriate percentile, being these the basis of the design. The material selection depended on costs and availability in markets; calculations was made through design’s books specifications. The pairs of stilts were built on a way to comply ergonomics and anthropometrics criteria with population of workers comfort. With this project was achieved designing and build a pair of stilts that can support a maximum load of 88.02 kg, these have a weight of 6.10 pounds; high safety factors were used on pipes, since it had to be selected from the market, the most critical factor is 5, 41; it helps to understand that pair of stilts would have a longer lifespan.
Diseño ergonómico y construcción del asiento para un prototipo de auto eléctrico BIPLAZA UTA-CIM17
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Intriago Sánchez, Gonzalo Andrés; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The present technical project prior to obtaining the title of mechanical engineer is based on the "ERGONOMIC DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE SEAT FOR A PROTOTYPE OF SELF-ELECTRIC BIPLAZA UTA-CIM17", by means of which all the guards of the technical university of Ambato to be able to obtain the anthropometric measurements since said measures will be evaluated and the calculation of percentiles will be carried out in order to determine which are the measures of interest or that will help us to design the seat correctly, after obtaining the appropriate measures proceeds to the software design of the seat, to be able to proceed to the simulation of the same to be able to determine the mechanical resistance of the seat under the ECE R14 standard, which will corroborate that the design complies with the minimum safety conditions, finally proceed to the construction of the seat using materials that are certified, for this we have obtained a certificate of flammability of the sponge to be used and also a certificate of homologation of the 3-point retractable safety belt.
Diseño lumínico en las áreas de producción de la empresa Ecuatran SA del cantón Ambato, provincia Tungurahua, Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-02) Valencia Salinas, Ángelo Mauricio; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The present research work was developed in Ecuatran SA, where it begins with a diagnosis of the lighting system in the production areas based on the current legislation of the executive decree 2393 and what is dictated in the regulations of occupational safety and health of Ecuador, with the use of measurement tools and data collection, the current lighting conditions were identified making a comparison of each area with the UNE-EN 12464-1 and NOM-025-STPS standards, the uniformity and reflection factor was also used for better accuracy of the results. A lighting redesign proposal is presented, considering the previously evaluated needs and compliance with regulations in order to provide sufficient and quality lighting, based on the technical specifications and requirements of each worker; the luminous flux was distributed uniformly, and simulations were created to validate its effectiveness.
Estudio de emisiones de gases en vehículos a gasolina en la Universidad Técnica de Ambato campus Huachi
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Núñez Pérez, Carlos Santiago; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The objective of this technical project is to carry out a study of emissions of polluting gases emanating from gasoline vehicles within the premises of the Technical University of Ambato Huachi campus and compare them with the current national regulations to determine the percentage of vehicles that meet or not with the maximum limits allowed. The NTE INEN 2204: 2017 standard refers explicitly to the emissions of percentage of carbon monoxide (CO) and particles per million unburned hydrocarbons (HC), which are the product of the combustion of vehicles, it is worth mentioning that the study When other pollutant gases are taken into account for a better analysis of the state of the vehicles, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O), the aforementioned standard divides the analysis range in three stages or periods. Period one: vehicles of the year 1989 and earlier. Period two: vehicles between the years 1990 and 1999. Period three: vehicles of the year 2000 and later. Each of these periods according to the standard has its maximum emission level, which vehicles must not exceed the established limit. To carry out the measurements of the vehicles, the procedure was performed according to the operation and specifications of the MAHA MGT5 equipment of German origin, which works by means of the absorption principle of infrared radiation, it is worth mentioning that to perform the measurements the equipment was calibrated by trained personnel. Finally, for the interpretation and analysis of results, with the data obtained tables and figures were created, with which it was determined that the vehicles with the lowest emanation of polluting gases are those that use Super gasoline and most of the models for the year 2018, without However, it is important to mention that 76% of the vehicles analyzed in this technical project use Extra gasoline and that all have a unique analysis so they coincide in year and model.
Estudio de las propiedades mecánicas de la lámina para pista atlética a partir de caucho reciclado utilizando poliuretano
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020) LLerena Pico, Diego Andrés; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
In the research project, the analysis of the mechanical properties at different volumetric configurations of a composite material that is constituted by a polyurethane matrix and reinforced with recycled rubber particles was carried out, this in order to achieve a material that has excellent characteristics for the manufacture of sheets of athletic tracks, replacing the usual manufacturing materials with composites at low cost and friendly with the environment. The work proposed the preparation of a composite material with polyurethane and rubber granules at different volumetric fractions ranging from 70 percent polyurethane-30 percent rubber particles, 60 percent polyurethane-40 percent particles of rubber, 50 percent polyurethane-50 percent rubber particles, with a rubber particle size of 0.05 mm-1 mm, where the molds and probes used in the tests were made with the dimensional characteristics established in the ASTM standard, which will be used for ASTM D3039-2015 traction, ASTM D695 compression and ASTM D2240-15 hardness. The obtaining of optimal values was obtained to achieve the mechanical properties necessary for the realization of the composite material, where the volumetric fraction that has the best mechanical characteristics is that of 70 percent polyurethane-30 percent of rubber particles, with a maximum effort to tensile of 12.28 MPa, modulus of tensile elasticity of 282.69 MPa, elongation of 8.08 percent, maximum compressive stress of 28.4 MPa, creep stress 23 MPa, deformation of 37, 11 percent, modulus of elasticity to compression of 76.51 MPa and Shore D hardness 72.75
Estudio de materiales alternativos para el análisis metalográfico mediante réplicas y su incidencia en el costo del ensayo metalográfico no destructivo en uniones soldadas de acero A36
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica., 2011) Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene; Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
Luego de analizar la problemática de los elevados costos de los ensayos metalográficos no destructivos usando réplicas metalográficas, se determinó que estos costos están directamente relacionados al medio replicante utilizado para obtener las muestras metalográficas, por lo cual el presente trabajo se encamina básicamente a disminuir los costos del ensayo por réplicas metalográficas, mediante el estudio de un material el cual sirva como medio replicante para desarrollar dicho ensayo. Para el desarrollo de éste trabajo, se empezó con la preparación de probetas de juntas soldadas en las cuales se preparó una superficie apta para la aplicación de un ensayo por réplicas metalográficas, posteriormente se experimentó con distintos materiales los cuales a criterio del autor podían servir como medio replicante, éstos fueron aplicados a modo de prueba y error en las superficies preparadas metalográficamente, luego de numerosos ensayos se encontraron materiales aptos para ser usados como medios replicantes, con estos materiales se realizaron nuevos ensayos con el objeto de determinar cuál de ellos ofrecía los mejores resultados tanto en calidad de replicado como en costos. Finalmente se desarrolló un procedimiento el cuál servirá de guía para la aplicación de este material como medio replicante en el ensayo por réplicas metalográficas. Cabe destacar que todo el trabajo se encuentra desarrollado tomando en cuenta el cumplimiento de las distintas normas aplicables a esta investigación.
Estudio del ruido laboral y vibraciones en el proceso de acabado de la empresa La Fortaleza Cia Ltda. de la ciudad de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2016) Salazar Peña, Alex Ricardo; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
For this project, the used PCE 322A sonometer, where measurement strategy justified is according the provisions of the technical note noise prevention NTP270, the end of evaluation was determined the existence the noise exposure in the company Fortaleza Cia Ltda and work areas with exposure noise are painting and refile and for vibration the used BALMAC 230 vibrometer where measurement strategy justified is according the provisions of the NTP 839 where the objective is the inform the fundamentals and the method for evaluating the risk arising from exposure to vibration. Later is determined the equivalent level daily the worker exposed, for this step was necessary to know the working conditions, this information is important for determine the implanted the sonometer or the dosimeter, because the technical notes NTP noise 950 and 951 establish noise measurement strategies for each of the instruments. As a result of vibration it was determined that the job of polishing the risk value is 2.28 which corresponds to the risk of harmfulness to the hand system - arm and whole body system the risk value is 0.72 which corresponds to risk mean discomfort. And for the job of refile the risk value it is 0.89 which corresponds to an assessment of means discomfort for vibration hand - arm and whole body system the risk value is 0.42 which corresponds to risk with half discomfort.
Estudio ergonómico de procesos en el área de clasificación de brócoli para los trabajadores de la empresa Pro-Floret de la ciudad de Latacunga
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Potosi Telenchana, Darwin Arturo; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
In the present technical project, an ergonomic study of the working conditions in the broccoli classification area of the company PRO-FLORET was carried out to mitigate the occupational risks related to the ergonomic risks. Starting the study with a general analysis of the daily activities carried out in the work posts, then it was the identification of the existing labor risks in the company and the estimation of them by means of the qualitative-quantitative method, with the help of the Matrix of triple consideration (Probability, Gravity and Vulnerability) prescribed in the Ministry of Labor Relations. The methods that were used for the analysis of the identified workstations are: RULA Method, NIOSH Method, Check List OCRA Method and Fanger method with the application of the norm UNE-EN ISO 7730/2006, being able to identify the activities or tasks of the jobs with the greatest potential for risk to the health of workers. As a result of the analysis performed it was obtained that the area of floreteo in ergonomic risk factor repetitive movements gave a value of 23.58 which is a high value that gives the presence of musculoskeletal disorders. And for the work of storage was obtained for the factor of risk manual manipulation of loads a value of 3.28 that corresponds to risk from the ergonomic point of view.
Estudio ergonómico de procesos en el área de pos cosecha y su incidencia en las alteraciones músculo esqueléticas en los trabajadores de la Empresa Florícola Sanna Flowers
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2014) Chimborazo Guangasi, Nestor Genaro; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
La investigación se basa en un estudio Ergonómico de las condiciones de trabajo en el área de pos cosecha de la florícola Sanna Flowers, para mitigar el desarrollo de alteraciones músculo esqueléticas. Se empezó identificando la presencia de alteraciones músculo esqueléticas en las trabajadoras utilizando una anamnesis y encuestas con preguntas relacionadas al tema. Luego se estimó los Factores de Riesgo de mayor afectación mediante el método cualitativo-cuantitativo, usando la Matriz de triple consideración (Probabilidad, Gravedad y Vulnerabilidad) recomendada por el Ministerio de Relaciones Laborales. Se profundizó la investigación en el puesto de trabajo de clasificación y embonchado estimado como critico ergonómicamente. La evaluación ergonómica se realizó mediante herramientas analíticas con el objeto de determinar el nivel o grado de peligrosidad el cual determinó a los factores de riesgo (movimientos repetitivos, posturas forzadas y estrés por frío) como intolerables. El análisis y la evaluación de riesgos ergonómicos producto de este trabajo determinaron medidas de prevención a los aspectos establecidos como alto riesgo en cuanto a: factores organizacionales, condiciones del espacio, confort en la persona, además se diseñó y construyó una estación de trabajo (mesa) tomando en cuenta las medidas antropométricas de las trabajadoras con el fin de mejorar las condiciones de trabajo y proteger la salud del trabajador.
Estudio ergonómico en el puesto de operario de planta de faenamiento en la empresa H&N Huevos Naturales Ecuador S.A y su incidencia en las condiciones laborales
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2017) Carvajal Naranjo, Miguel Alberto; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
The aim of the this researching was to carry out the ergonomic study in the position of operator of the slaughtering plant in the company H&N ECUADOR NATURAL EGGS A.S. and its impact on working conditions. The existence of risks in the developed activities causing musculoskeletal disorders was confirmed, and internationally recognized ergonomic assessment methods for forced postures and repetitive movements, REBA and CHECK LIST OCRA respectively, were applied. In the position of cutting chicken legs and classification there is a high risk level for forced positions and as workers perform repetitive movements in two or three positions, there are unacceptable medium and high risk levels per action by them. To establish a program for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in the position of slaughterhouse operator to reduce the levels of risk and as a company policy to protect the workers’ health is recommended.