Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial

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Análisis de la metodología lean manufacturing para mejorar el proceso de faenamiento en el Camal Frigorífico Municipal de Ambato (CFMA)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-03) Córdova Montero, Danny Javier; Gavidia García, José Luis
The activities that do not generate value, cause waste that may be present in the processes and that affect productivity, therefore, this research project focuses on the development of an analysis of the Lean Manufacturing methodology in the process of slaughtering pigs of the Camal Refrigerófico Municipal de Ambato (CFMA), since, the company does not have tools that allow it to diagnose, reduce or eliminate unproductive activities. The research has a quantitative approach, based on the calculation of numerical variables with the application of diagnostic, operational and monitoring tools of the Lean Manufacturing methodology. An initial diagnosis of the process was made, with the collection of information, using Industrial Engineering tools such as: process diagram and analytical course, describing activities, machines and inputs. A time study was developed to identify abnormalities of each process, by determining the number of samples by General Electric and timing of the activities with the back to zero method, to design a current VSM as a Lean Manufacturing diagnostic tool identifying: the activities, the times that add value and not to the process Waste was determined as: censing movements, incorrect waiting and processes, in addition, the potential causes of waste, to propose solutions with the operational tools, proposed as: 5S for the order and cleanliness of the areas, eliminating activities that do not add value to the process, and standardization to propose the reduction of incorrect processes based on work instructions and simulate them in the FlexSim 2019 program. It is concluded that the process has 30.35% of activities that do not add value to the process and affect productivity. Therefore, the process does not meet the company's specifications and improvement actions are required.
Aplicación de herramientas de manufactura esbelta para la disminución de desperdicios en el área de terminado de la producción de pieles
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Producción y Operaciones Industriales, 2021) Valdés Paucar, Verónica Elizabeth; Ortiz Guerrero, Daysi Margarita
This project is aimed at the leather industry that is positioned among the most important of Tungurahua Province in Tenería San José, a more than 40 years old company in the industry in Ambato City. Leather manufacturing involves complicated processes that require an adequate process to obtain quality garments. The project aims to eliminate bottlenecks and waste in the leather finishing process. This area has activities and operations such as: coloring, pressing, ironing, measuring and storage. This project development begins with times measurement to carry out a time and motion study of the operations for the production with the highest rotation within the company. Next, an initial diagnosis was made using tools such as value flow maps to eliminate activities that have not added value. The 5S methodology was implemented, starting from a current evaluation of the plant, the changes and actions required by this tool are applied and implementation is evaluated to perform a numerical analysis. Other tools are proposed in the project due to different factors, for example, for the existence of bottlenecks, line balancing is proposed. For the lack of control and production planning, a proposal is established with the Kanban tool. In addition, the application of visual control is proposed to have a better communication and facilitate the production flow in the plant. The research proposes possible formats for the implementation of each of these techniques and to standardize, as well as certain indicators that could be useful for the identification of improvement and production compliance.
Estudio de tiempos y movimientos para la mejora de la productividad en la Empresa Lácteos Crelac
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02) Tello Quinteros, Juan Sebastian; Ortiz Sailema, Christian Ismael
El proyecto de investigación se realizó en la empresa lácteos Crelac. Inicialmente, se describió a la empresa y mediante un análisis realizado a cada línea de producción se identificó que el queso fresco de 900 gramos era el producto más viable. enfocando así el estudio para su línea de producción. Para la mejora de la productividad se siguieron 4 etapas principales. La primera etapa consistió en conocer la situación actual de la empresa mediante el levantamiento de procesos. En la segunda etapa el estudio de tiempos y movimientos permitió calcular el tiempo estándar y establecer una capacidad de producción de 12 lotes diarios. Para la tercera etapa se realizó un diagnóstico a través del VSM donde se identificaron desperdicios como esperas, movimientos y transportes innecesarios. La cuarta etapa involucró propuestas de mejora como: cursogramas analíticos propuestos para optimizar actividades, balanceo de líneas para equilibrar las cargas de trabajo lo que redujo los tiempos muertos de 75.92 minutos a 13.14 minutos y elevó la eficiencia de producción del 67.41% al 90.51%, y la implementación de las 5S para lograr un entorno de trabajo limpio y organizado. Estas propuestas tuvieron como objetivo reducir los desperdicios identificados en la línea de producción de queso fresco 900 gramos. Finalmente se realizó un análisis de la mejora obtenida donde se determinó un aumento en la capacidad de producción a 13 lotes por día, esto se traduce en un aumento de la productividad del 8.3% pasando de 144 quesos por hora a 155 quesos por hora.
Gestión de inventarios para la optimización de recursos en una empresa comercializadora de material eléctrico
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Producción y Operaciones Industriales, 2023) Galarza Chacón, Carlos Alberto; López Arboleda, Jéssica Paola
En el presente trabajo de investigación se estableció un sistema de gestión de inventarios basado en políticas de revisión de existencias para la empresa MATELEC ELECTRICIDAD S. A. para lo cual, mediante fichas de observación se identificaron las falencias que conllevan a un incorrecto manejo del inventario, siendo los factores más críticos: la falta de personal encargado de la gestión de bodegas, lo cual genera deficiencias en el manejo de los inventarios y la inexistencia de un modelo de gestión, además se levantaron los procesos de compra, almacenamiento y venta a clientes, donde se evidenció la falta de asignación de roles y responsabilidades dentro de cada puesto de trabajo, en base a esto se planteó el uso de la política de revisión periódica con demanda variable, manteniendo el periodo de reabastecimiento manejado por la empresa y proveedores y se aplicó a 55 familias de productos, las mismas que contaban con un historial de ventas de 3 años, como punto de partida, mediante un análisis ABC se determinó que 8 familias de productos que generan el 80,22% de la rentabilidad de la empresa, de estos productos se analizó la normalidad de los datos de un histórico de ventas de un periodo de 36 meses, mediante la prueba gráfica de Ryan-Joiner en el software Minitab se determinó que los datos de ventas se ajustan a una distribución normal con un p-valor >0,1. Comprobada la normalidad de la información se estableció la política de revisión con la cual se logró un ahorro de $ 813,72 anuales en la mantención del inventario de ciclo y de seguridad a comparación con el método actual. Se definieron los indicadores logísticos de gestión de inventarios, donde se muestra la rotación del inventario, el valor económico y el nivel de servicio, con el fin de no generar un exceso de stock en bodega con un nivel de servicio propuesto del 95%. En cuanto a los proveedores, se tuvo un total de 13, de los cuales todos superan la calificación de 6/10 y serán considerados para suministrar a la empresa. Se establecieron los procesos de revisión de stock, generación de orden de compra y almacenamiento, definiendo los responsables de cada actividad, para la gestión de bodega se propone la aplicación de las 5 “S” para el orden y mantenimiento de bodega según una distribución lógica de los artículos tras conocer las familias de clase A, B y C y su rotación.
Gestión de mantenimiento mediante Lean Maintenance para Bioalimentar Cía. Ltda.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-03) Almachi Guanoluisa, Evelin Jesenia; Tigre Ortega, Franklin Geovanny
The objective of this project is to improve maintenance management at Bioalimentar Cía. Ltda. through the application of Lean Maintenance tools. To achieve this objective, 3 investigative stages were carried out. The first stage includes the analysis of the initial situation through a diagnosis in which 12 maintenance management axes are considered through the application of the evaluation of the COVENIN 2500-93 manual, determining the areas of strength and management deficiency. In addition, observations, interviews and data collection are used as tools that facilitate the identification of conflicting activities. In the second stage, the selection of tools is carried out through the hierarchical analytical process to provide qualitative-quantitative support to the investigation and improve the priority aspects to be addressed in the maintenance management of Bioalimentar. With the calculation of the priorities, the development of 3 Lean Maintenance tools is determined, which are: 5S, Standardization and Poka Yoke; and, the third stage documentally develops each of the selected tools proposing processes, formats and flow charts that continuously describe how to implement and record data for its implementation, monitoring and control. Finally, this research project concludes that once the selected Lean Maintenance tools are adapted to improve maintenance management in Bioalimentar, it would be expected to achieve a decrease in spare parts waits and loss of time due to rework in maintenance activities that it will favor the effective fulfillment of the weekly work schedule.
Herramientas de manufactura esbelta para la mejora continua de los procesos en un restaurante de comida rápida
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-09) Chacón Tello, Carlos Patricio; Tigre Ortega, Franklin Geovanny
The present research work was carried out in the fast-food restaurant "Broos Burguer Las Chancros de la 13" located on Joaquín Aillón and Lizardo Ruiz streets, a company dedicated to providing fast food service, with the aim of applying tools Lean manufacturing for the continuous improvement of processes in a restaurant. With an initial analysis, the main changes within the process were identified, in order to provide a solution to the problems encountered, the management of a reference implementation proposal for lean manufacturing tools and continuous improvement methodologies in restaurant processes is proposed. . For this research, improvement proposals were developed opting for a first 5S methodology, implemented in the production areas, to reduce the necessary elements in all areas, which will benefit the flow of the material, reducing the number of elements out of their place the creation and definition of new spaces for the storage of utensils and the application of a cleaning manual, the time spent cleaning each area is reduced based on defining specific procedures and activities for this activity in each area; The second methodology is based on a redistribution of the plant to reduce the movements or transfers of personnel, obtaining a reduction from 676,87 m to 467,34 m, that is, 209,52 meters per day, obtaining an improvement of 30,97% in the reduction of movements. or transfers of personnel, with the new arrangement of elements, redirection of the material flow and reduction of the response time of the employees to deliver the order, through the simulation of the process in the FlexSim 2019 program
Manufactura esbelta como metodología para reducir desperdicios en el proceso de faenamiento de ganado bovino del Camal Municipal de Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-03) Muylema Heredia, Henry Ramiro; Naranjo Chiriboga, Israel Ernesto
The lean manufacturing methodology is an excellent way to reduce waste by identifying, measuring and controlling it. Several companies have made use of this methodology that encompasses all those involved in the processes of an organization, generating as a product an organized and standardized culture. The Municipal slaughterhouse of Ambato, dedicated to the slaughter of large and small cattle, has seen the convenience of improving its processes in relation to existing waste, time in its processes, standardization of its activities. The objective of this research project is to propose improvement proposals through the application of tools belonging to the lean manufacturing methodology to mitigate or eliminate waste related to this methodology such as: unnecessary transports and movements, waiting times, defects, over-processing, within the processes of cattle slaughtering. For which a collection of information of the current slaughtering processes is developed with the help of industrial engineering tools, thus knowing which are the activities, tools, machines, personnel and current documentation used. Additionally, by means of a time study, the standard time of each of the processes was obtained as well as their respective cursograms and plant layout. These times are used for the development of the current VSM, with which the waste and activities that really add value in the production process can be identified in order to subsequently establish the most critical waste through a Pareto diagram with the use of tools such as the 5'S used to maintain order, cleanliness and discipline; TPM to maintain the equipment and tools in an optimal state to avoid plant stoppages and defects. To reduce the time of some critical processes, activities such as knife affiliation were eliminated and the proposal to acquire a pneumatic skinning machine was also made, reducing the slaughter time per bovine from 8.77 min to 6.01 min. Likewise, for traceability, improvements have been proposed in the activities, developing a process diagram for the same.
Mejora de la productividad en la línea de producción de tela kiana de la empresa textil “M&B” aplicando tiempos y movimientos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-03) Rodríguez Panata, Sara Rebeca; Ortiz Sailema, Christian Ismael
The production processes related to the manufacture of fabrics are closely linked to the use of machinery, labor, resources and inputs to produce the final product. However, the empirical way in which Textiles M&B has grown, has caused that there is no standard time of operations and much less documented procedures for operators to know how to perform their activities, causing unnecessary waiting, transportation and movements in the production line of Kiana fabric. The purpose of this research is to improve the productivity levels of Kiana fabric. The study includes the analysis of the stages of the production process, with respect to the evaluation of the work rhythm through the Westinghouse system, the assignment of supplements according to the criteria of the International Labor Organization, t he measurement or timing of the activities, to determine the standard time of the processes and based on that to apply improvements that allow to increase the production of Kiana fabric based on the elimination of unnecessary movements, transports and wait s in the production process. The results show that by applying the 5S and SMED methodologies, the production process is improved by 3.04%. The new work methods are embodied in a procedures manual to standardize operations. Finally, it is concluded that productivity levels increase by 44.62% with the proposals established to improve the production process.
Mejora de la productividad mediante herramientas de manufactura esbelta en la producción de helados
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-03) Oña Toaza, Edgar Esteban; Tigre Ortega, Franklin Geovanny
Activities that do not add value to the final product and directly affect the productivity of a company are considered waste, this is due to the lack of control or monitoring methods. Lean Manufacturing is a methodology that focuses on minimizing waste through the tools you have at your disposal, it is based on three steps which are: selection, identification and reduction or elimination. The Ivonndy Ice Cream company, is looking for new techniques that allow it to improve its production processes and manage resources efficiently. The main objective of this project is to propose Lean Manufacturing tools that improve productivity in the single flavor ice cream line, based on the selection of the most indemand product using the ABC methodology, the study of times allowed to determine which processes restrict the productive capacity, the value stream mapping (VSM) was used to identify wastage and finally a proposal was developed with the tools: 5S and standardized work. An implementation guide was developed for the 5S tool and formats for control and monitoring were established, as for the standardized work tool, improvements were evidenced by combining some activities, as for the operations ratio, a significant increase of 16.90% and 24.81% was observed in relation to time and the use of standardized worksheets was proposed, which will help as a guide to the workers
Mejora de productividad basada en herramientas de Lean Manufacturing, para los procesos productivos de la empresa Curtiduría La PENÍNSULA
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2023-03) Ojeda Altamirano, Diego Fabián; Tigre Ortega, Franklin Geovanny
This research work was carried out in the tannery "La Península", a company dedicated to the production of leather for footwear and clothing, with the aim of solving problems present in their production processes. Under an exhaustive initial analysis, several problems were identified, defining the most frequent and main ones in order to solve them and alleviate the critical areas of the process. A proposal was made to implement continuous improvement methodologies in the company in order to increase the company's productivity levels. For this investigation, improvement proposals were executed where the 5S methodology was implemented in all production areas, removing or transferring unnecessary elements from each area, thus recovering 22.9 m^2, reducing 4.71% of the time spent searching for tools, in addition, cleaning procedures were defined, cutting 25.78 minutes of cleaning time per week. With regard to the application of the SMED tool, the changeover time on the router was reduced from 10:25 minutes to 6:47 minutes and on the press machine it was reduced from 10:41 minutes to 7:47 minutes. After applying the two methodologies, an improvement in the leather manufacturing processes is observed, fulfilling the objective of increasing productivity levels.
Modelo de aplicación de las herramientas de manufactura esbelta para optimizar el proceso de producción en una empresa de fabricación en derivados de cartón
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Producción y Operaciones Industriales, 2023-04) Vargas Flores, Patricio Daniel; Ortiz Guerrero, Daysi Margarita
El presente proyecto de investigación está enfocado en desarrollar un modelo de diseño de implementación de herramientas de manufactura esbelta en la empresa Mikrocartón, la cual se denomina como una organización dedicada a la fabricación de cajas de cartón de pizza, zapatos y todo tipo de empaques. El objetivo de la presente investigación es de diseñar un modelo de aplicación de las herramientas de manufactura esbelta para optimizar el proceso de producción en una empresa de fabricación en derivados de cartón. La información necesaria para llevar a cabo el objeto de estudio ha sido dirigida mediante la esquematización de un diagrama de VSM (Value stream mapping), el cual ha sido punto de partida para el diagnóstico de la organización. Se determinaron valores de takt time, lead time y producción estimada para determinar sus niveles de operación y ciclos del flujo de materiales, así como también el análisis de sus procesos estratégicos. Mediante los datos obtenidos por observaciones en campo se definieron los desperdicios y las pérdidas ocasionadas en el proceso de producción de cajas de pizza según el método de factores ponderados siendo estas mudas los tiempos de espera, inventario y transporte. Con la identificación de estos defectos en el proceso se procedió a analizar las herramientas de manufactura esbelta que podrían disminuir el porcentaje de actividades que no agregan valor. El estudio permitió identificar las herramientas de manufactura esbelta que permitirían optimizar los procesos de producción y reducir el desperdicio, basada en la reducción de tiempos de espera, las herramientas más viables en la empresa fueron 5S para fomentar la organización, limpieza, orden y estandarizado de proceso; Kaizen para determinar propuestas de mejora prontas y concretas a situaciones impredecibles y Kanban para determinar metodologías de tableros y tarjetas para facilitar el control de inventario. Basado en los hallazgos preliminares, se diseña una propuesta que engloba la aplicación de las herramientas de manufactura esbelta en la organización y se establecieron los compromisos y acuerdos de todo el personal para su implementación y mejora continua.
Sistema de gestión de inventarios en la empresa Casa Yoly Multifabritex de la ciudad de Riobamba.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02) Rivera Gutiérrez, Pablo Fabián; Rosero Mantilla, César Aníbal
The medium and small-scale enterprises currently face constant changes, influenced by both internal and external factors, which can hinder their progress. CASA YOLY multifabritex is among these enterprises, lacking methodologies aimed at enhancing processes and work areas. Moreover, there hasn't been a promotion of changes in the organizational culture or staff commitment to maintain and care for work areas, equipment, or materials. In this research project, after analyzing the current company situation using methodological tools, the need arose to propose three methodologies aimed at improving the efficiency of warehouse operations. The first methodology involved ABC Classification, enabling the company to identify its most crucial products from a wide range. This methodology allows for a higher concentration of efforts on the most vital products while providing a more relaxed management for less impactful items. The second methodology considered the implementation of an inventory management model to reduce costs and deliver more efficient operations. Leveraging the earlier ABC classification, the Quantity Economic to Produce (POQ) model was applied to Category A elements to determine the quantity to manufacture and minimize storage and preparation costs. Categories B and C were allocated the total requested products at the start of the production stage. By comparing total costs between the traditional and proposed models, a saving of $338.58 was achieved, showcasing the efficiency of the methodology when implemented. Lastly, there was a need to propose a 5“S” Warehouse Manual for the company, aimed at establishing and maintaining an organized, clean, and efficient environment.