Maestría en Ciencias Biomédicas

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Estrategia de prevención a través de la identificación de biomarcadores asociados al estrés laboral en docentes universitario
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Razo Romero, Miriam Patricia Lic.; Ruiz Olarte, Ana Mercedes PS. Cl. Mg
Introduction. Stress in university teachers is considered a serious health problem today, which not only affects them personally, but also in their work field and the educational process. Objective. Design a prevention strategy based on Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) through Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques (PMRT) and the justification of the use of biomarkers for objective measurement. Methodology. Study with a descriptive and explanatory documentary design. The design of the strategy proposes four phases: Selection of teachers under inclusion criteria, application of the ILO-WHO questionnaire on work stress, psycho-education and measurement of cortisol in hair samples, before and after training with PMRT. Results. It is evidenced that stress produces physiological changes with an impact on several systems (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, sympathetic adreno-medullary and immunological), which justifies the use of biomarkers for its objective measurement. One of them is cortisol in hair, proposed in this study, given that it is a non-invasive sample and not sensitive to changes in the circadian rhythm, among other advantages. In adverse work situations, resilient teachers achieve a greater capacity to overcome difficulties and adapt adequately, however, most require the development of psychological skills that allow them better coping to manage stress. Conclusions. The designed strategy aims to ensure the well-being of teachers in their work environment, reducing the stress rate, from different approaches, through psychological and physiological factors, because some measurement instruments can be affected by biases, from the physiological point of view, cortisol in hair is considered a potential biomarker, which also provides a strategy for the assessment of the long of the time. The reduction of stress indices is founded and the development of Burnout Syndrome is avoided with the training of PMRT skills
Estrategia de prevención comunitaria en COVID-19 en la población fundamentada en el análisis epidemiológico
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Baño Barrionuevo, Marlene Soledad Lcda.; Villacís Valencia, Sandra Elizabeth Dr. Esp.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus causal agent of the COVID-19 disease has caused a pandemic with extraordinary repercussions on the health, economic, political and social situation worldwide, for which Ecuador has been significantly affected with figures of 446,633 confirmed cases and 15,713 deaths, Tungurahua reports high numbers of infections and deaths. Objective: Design a community prevention strategy for the COVID-19 disease produced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the population of the province's population based on epidemiological analysis. ' Methods and Materials: This study is articulated with two Research Projects, it is defined as explanatory, experimental, longitudinal and prospective where a community prevention strategy for COVID-19 is designed based on the results obtained for the province of Tungurahua in, the period from October 05, 2020 to April 30, 2021.Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. Results: The age group of 18 to 26 years old predominated in the female gender, the mestizo ethnic identification 7.2% of patients with a history of COVID-19 prior to the evaluation. 13% of the cases had signs suggestive of COVID-19 at the time of In the evaluation, among the risk factor the following predominated: Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Bronchial Asthma, Ischemic Heart Disease. And among the social risk factors predominated: overcrowding, extreme poverty, inability to access health services. 7 Conclusion: The community prevention strategy of COVID-19 based on the epidemiological analysis in the Tungurahua province shows a probable impact on the reduction of transmission, morbidity and associated mortality from the modification of identified clinical and social risk factors, together with actions for the promotion and community prevention of the disease
Estrategia de prevención comunitaria de infecciones vaginales con base en el estudios de los conocimientos y actitudes sobre sexualidad
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Toasa Ortiz, Fernanda Paulina Lic.; Fernández Nieto, Miriam Ivone Lic. Mg.
Introduction: Vaginal infections currently constitute a serious public health problem, as the most frequent reasons for consultation in University students, in view of this situation, the relationship with knowledge of attitudes and practices on knowledge about sexuality was determined, through analysis of the knowledge acquired by the students, and to identify the main factors that interfere in the study problem. Objective: To design the community prevention strategy for vaginal infections in relation to the study of knowledge and attitudes about sexuality. Methodology: A prospective, descriptive study was carried out on a universe of 500 female students from the Technical University of Ambato in the period March 1, 2019 - August 31, 2019, a sample of 218 female students who attended the dispensary for consultation was calculated. doctor. Results: in the study carried out, it was evidenced that there was a history of vaginal infections, sexual partners, frequency of visits to the gynecologist, use of barrier contraceptive methods, intimate hygiene; Results in the studied group, it was found that 2 cases of Trichomonas vaginalis with 6% and 4 cases of mixed vaginal infections with 13%, among the hygiene factors causing vaginal infections, 68% of cases were found in users with a history of of vaginal infection. Conclusions: The strategy designed for the community prevention of vaginal infections in relation to the study of knowledge and attitudes about sexuality, is structured in different stages and is based on the high rate of health complications of the studied population, which are given by : cervical cancer, septic shock, pelvic peritonitis that could lead to death if the importance of risk prevention is not given from actions at the community level, also important are problems related to sexuality, in order to avoid feelings of shame or guilt, unfounded beliefs, and other psychological factors that may inhibit sexual intercourse or disrupt relationships or sexual response.
Estrategia de prevención comunitaria de enfermedades diarreicas agudas a partir de la evaluación fisicoquímica y microbiológica del agua
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Argotti Zumbana, Carlos Fabián Lic.; Carrero Castillo, Yenddy Nayghit PHD.
Acute Diarrheal Diseases (ADD) represent one of the conditions produced mainly by the consumption of contaminated water, the most affected population worldwide being children, with a higher prevalence in rural areas, where wastewater treatment is inappropriate. Human waste is discharged into open latrines, canals, and streams, or is spread on farmland. It is estimated that these diseases affect 1.5 million children annually and constitute the second cause of death in children under five years of age, with an estimated 525,000 each year. There are many underground water springs, which constitute an important source of water for human consumption and agricultural use, which are affected by the contamination caused by the nearby septic tanks that contain organic waste, animal feces or by agro-chemicals, coming from the agricultural activity which infiltrate through the soil and reach these water sources, also due to the physical conditions of the catchment points, which are not ideal in infrastructure; giving rise to the alteration of the physicochemical and microbiological quality of the water and therefore the quality of life of the people who are supplied in different ways from these deposits consider ourselves a vehicle for the transport of pathogens that cause epidemic diseases, toxic infections and gastrointestinal diseases such as amoebic dysentery, diarrhea, abdominal pain, among others. The water quality assessment is based on the determination of specific chemicals that can affect health after exposure. It is a multi-approach process that studies the physical, chemical, and biological nature of water in relation to natural quality, human and aquatic health-related effects. This research arises from the need of the community's inhabitants to have water for direct consumption or for quality agriculture. Therefore, the study of the microbiological and physicochemical quality of the spring waters is of great relevance. used by the community of San Luis to prevent causes that generate diseases of water origin and sanitary danger. Interviews were conducted with the heads of households of the community of San Luis de Mulalillo, to determine the origin, distribution, and management of water and if any member of the family had ADD in the period of 9 months of study, water samples were collected of the different strategic points in the catchment, for its analysis in the laboratory and it was determined that acute diarrheal diseases are not only due to the fecal coliforms present in the water but also to other factors that the inhabitants are exposed to. It was shown that in the parameters pH, fluorides, turbidity, nitrites, phosphates, carbonates, they are in acceptability of the environmental quality while the parameters of nitrates, residual chlorine 17 and fecal coliforms exceed the maximum permissible limits, so that there could be a direct correlation with the appearance of acute diarrheal diseases in the infant and long-lived population of the community. The quality of the water of the Tunancay river slope is affected by the inadequate hygiene conditions of the homes near the river, as well as the waste of the animals that graze along the riverbanks and that the inhabitants do not take due care to that these are not close to the water springs, that is why a community prevention strategy was applied on the proper use and protocols to follow for the consumption of safe water in the population, together with the authorities and the community council and talks were established in order to prevent diarrheal diseases in the population, in addition to a proposal for them to carry out procedures inherent to the development of a necessary drinking water and sewerage project in this population. It is concluded that the water in the community of San Luis de Mulalillo is contaminated by total Colibacilli that exceed the maximum tolerable limits, as well as the presence of nitrates and residual chlorine
Estrategia de prevención de riesgo metabólico y cardiovascular en pacientes con lipodistrofia e infección por vih en tratamiento antirretroviral.
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Rubio Lalama, Diego Andrés Dr.; Quishpe, Graciela Lic. Esp. Mg.
Introduction: Antiretrovirals as a side effect generates the appearance of metabolic alterations that phenotypically manifest with lipodystrophy, the present investigation seeks a strategy for the prevention of metabolic and cardiovascular risk in patients living with HIV and lipodystrophy. Methods: Systematic bibliographic review of articles published within the years 2015 - 2021 in the databases PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Medes, Cochrane, in which the MeSH terms were used: “Lipodystrophy”, “HIV / AIDS ", "Nutritional condition". The use of the boolean "and" was used, discarding the use of "or" since the interest was to examine publications on metabolic and cardiovascular risk in patients with lipodystrophy and HIV infection. The following equations were used in the aforementioned databases, “HIV / AIDS” AND “Lipodystrophy” AND “Nutritional status”. In addition, as a complement, the bibliographic references of each article were manually reviewed. The inclusion criteria were articles from all countries, published during the previous 5 years, in the Spanish and English languages. Studies conducted in human adults infected with HIV / AIDS, undergoing antiretroviral treatment and presenting lipodystrophy were chosen. Articles that studied pediatric patients, that did not include lipodystrophy, and those that did not have conclusive results were excluded. Titles and abstracts were read. the inclusion or not of the article to read the full text; For this, an abstract selection table was prepared. The information of each article was recorded, in a database in Microsoft Excel 2010, which included year and place of occurrence, population, age, sex, diagnostic tests, indicators, percentage of lipodystrophy, metabolic and cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: It is necessary to present a strategy for the early identification of metabolic and cardiovascular risk and its prevention early.
Estrategia de prevención de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico en neurocirugía fundamentada en factores de riesgo
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Quinatoa Caba, Gabriela Giovanna Lic.; Chicaiza Tayupanta, Jesús Dr. Esp.
Introduction: Surgical site infection control is of paramount importance to reduce complications, hospital stay, avoid resistance to antibiotics, reduce hospital care costs, improve health indicators. Therefore, the identification of probable risk factors and the development of a prevention strategy is an urgent need, much more so in neurosurgical patients due to mortality and associated disability. Objective: To design a strategy for the prevention of surgical site infections in neurosurgery based on identified risk factors. Methodology: A descriptive, retrospective, case study study of patients who underwent neurosurgical surgical procedures was carried out, during the period from November 1, 2017 to April 30, 2020, a total of 269 surgeries and one census sample of 30 cases that did present, the risk factors under study were: age, American Society of Anestesiologists Physical Status Classification (ASA) level, presence of comorbidities, sex, presence of drains, osteosynthesis material or implants, prophylactic antibiotic, duration of surgery, type of wound , etiology, priority of surgery descriptive statistical methods will be used. Results: The prevalence of surgical site infections (SSI) was 11.2%, with craniotomies being the surgeries that were infected in the highest proportion, in addition, a statistical importance was evidenced in the following factors: age: adults 18-64 years, male sex, ASA III, presence of osteosynthesis material and implants, trauma as etiology, emergent surgeries, surgery time: average of 4 hours, arterial hypertension(HTA), most prevalent isolated microorganism: staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions: The surgical site infection prevention strategy in Neurosurgery, based on the identification of probable risk factors, constitutes a viable alternative for the control of surgical site-associated infections in the specialty, with a favorable impact on associated morbidity and mortality
Estrategia de prevención de malnutrición fundamentada en el tamizaje neonatal a través del método clínico de Metcoff
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Zabala Haro, Alicia Monserrath Méd.; Carrillo Sarabia, Reinaldo Gonzalo Dr. Esp.
Child malnutrition is a widely distributed pathology, as studied, the approach through the concept of the thousand days improves the understanding of the process as well as the opportunities for intervention that can influence the eradication of the pathology and improve the quality of life of the child and the future adult. This documentary investigative work addresses child malnutrition due to deficit and describes the development from the moment of conception to 2 years of age around fetal metabolic reprogramming, particularly in the third trimester of pregnancy and compensatory growth. "Catch up growth", opens the window to malnutrition in the immediate, mediate, future postnatal period, the introduction of sensitive CANS core tools that allow early detection of fetal malnutrition by labeling patients within a group of high nutritional risk in conjunction with those with explicit alterations of deprivation suffered in pregnancy. Thus, a proposal for a community strategy is proposed based on four axes: Early diagnosis of subclinical malnutrition, prioritization of the quality of health services, quality of data collection systems, and social participation that are articulated with management strategies. optimize economic, political and institutional efforts for the eradication of child malnutrition.
Estrategia de prevención comunitaria de enfermedades diarreicas agudas con base a la evaluación microbiológica del agua de consumo humano
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Martínez Saltos, Franklin Esteban Lic.; Salazar Garcés, Dolores Krupskaya Lcda. Mg.
The water they consume in the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo is contaminated by coliforms, which remain causing acute diarrheal diseases in the inhabitants. The purpose of this investigation is to design a tactic for community prevention of acute diarrheal diseases by evaluating the microbiological quality of water for human consumption. For the investigation, 30 water samples were taken from random homes using the table of random numbers, the water was analyzed using the membrane filtration procedure, having as a consequence that the water in the parish has high levels of coliforms and does not comply with the technical rule NTE INEN 1108. The results obtained from the microbiological studies of the recent water samples will be compared with the results obtained previously, to check if the water has improved its quality, as well as a survey using the same questions used before and the recent results will be compared with the previous ones and to establish if the acute diarrheal pathologies have diminished. A community prevention plan will be applied to improve the quality of life of the residents of the parish
Desarrollo de una estrategia de prevención de malnutrición infantil fundamentada en la evaluación estandarizada a través de métodos de antropometría y bioimpedancia
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Ron Mora, Álvaro Sebastián Md.; Carrero Castillo, Yenddy Nayghit PhD.
Introduction: The increase in weight has occurred in recent decades at an increasing rate affecting individuals regardless of sex, ethnicity, age, or socioeconomic status; overweight and obesity are defined as an excessive increase in body adiposity, which in turn is related to a wide spectrum of chronic noncommunicable diseases that generate a great overload in health systems. Objective: To develop a strategy for prevention of child malnutrition based on standardized assessment through anthropometry and bioimpedance methods. Methodology: a descriptive, prospective, and longitudinal research is developed, based on a theoretical systematization of nutritional processes in the infant's age group. Results: It is necessary to have early diagnostic instruments that present a low technical complexity and reduced cost to evaluate the populations with the highest risk factor, thus reducing the progression of the disease and the establishment of complications, specifically in the child, the body mass index is an instrument that presents limitations to evaluate the percentage of body fat, to be complemented with the evaluation of body composition by electrical impedance, supplements these, improving their diagnostic capabilities. Conclusions: The strategy for the prevention of overweight and obesity designed, based on the analysis of body composition by electrical impedance in school-age children, taking into account that this diagnostic method allows to know the components of the human body and express it in percentages, in the same way it is possible to locate children with excess adiposity even when the body mass index determines a state of normality in the subjects evaluated
Estrategia de prevención comunitaria con base a la efectividad de la hemoglobina glicosilada en adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Sánchez Ganchozo, Oscar Isidro Lcdo.; Jurado Melo, Verónica Cristina Dra.
Introduction: Promote community prevention strategies based on the effectiveness of glycosylated hemoglobin in health promotion and education to motivate older adults to participate, provide them with opportunities in programs that develop healthy lifestyles, incorporating them to protect the elderly with diabetes mellitus, are necessary to achieve primary health achievements. Objective: To design a community prevention strategy based on the effectiveness of glycosylated hemoglobin in older adults with diabetes mellitus in the San Camilo Subcentre. Methodology: The quantitative method was used, with a positivist approach, in this study the design of documentary research was considered, the source of the data is 40 articles from scientific databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo, Latindex, for this a data collection instrument is used, a table called the observations matrix. Results: in the developed theoretical systematization it is evidenced that an early comprehensive assessment helps to prevent or delay more comorbidities to avoid risks of cognitive impairment and physical capacity, the results show that 30% of glycosylated hemoglobin contributes to the elaboration of diagnosis and control in a community, the use of the glycosylated hemoglobin test can become an opportunity to determine the predisposition to the disease. Conclusions: The community strategy designed based on the effectiveness of glycosylated hemoglobin in older adults, establishes the work algorithm to modify lifestyles, in the development of future educational-based interventions, where interactive and participatory learning is developed with the social actors present in the community and continuous learning is promoted.
Estrategia de prevención comunitaria de enfermedades de obesidad fundamentada en el resultado de la evaluación del consumo de fórmula infantil complementaria
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-08-01) Fiallos Brito, Edisson Javier Dr.; Mejía Ortíz, Ruth Aurelia Dra. Esp.
Introduction: Childhood obesity is a growing global health problem, despite the increasing rates even in developed countries, there is still no clear treatment strategy. Social barriers are often obstacles to early diagnosis and referral for treatment, parents often do not recognize the problem until it is advanced so it is important to identify and treat children with obesity as early as possible, as well as than to identify comorbid conditions. Objective: To propose a community intervention strategy, with the purpose of creating strategic measures to avoid childhood obesity, to inform the community, especially mothers with children under 2 years of age, the importance of adequate nutrition to avoid childhood obesity. Methodology: The research was descriptive with a quantitative approach and an explanatory level, a theoretical systematization was carried out on infant nutrition based on the evaluation of the consumption of complementary infant formula, and public policies, recommendations and actions related to the nutrition and health, related to good practices of good living. Results: The exclusive feeding of breast milk (70.6%), with an average duration of 3.9 months, I started the complementary feeding of 5.2 months and the start of the complementary feeding with industrialized formulas (28.4%) followed by vegetables (27.1%) and of certain that an exclusive breastfeeding time of less than 3 months is obese almost 4 times more than children with normal weight, statistical methods were used to determine according to BMI with the time of exclusive breastfeeding and it was observed that consumption was 2 months less in those who were obese so it is imperative that health care providers identify children who are overweight and obese in order to provide counseling and treatment. The most effective prevention strategies are those that are associated with several components, and in order to be more effective they must incorporate the family and start at an early age. 10 . Conclusions: Effective interventions aimed at preventing overweight and obesity in infants Include promotion of breastfeeding, monitoring of infant growth, promotion of ideal complementary food intake, through nutritional counseling with a responsive food intake approach, provided in various settings such as the health center, activities contemplated in the designed community prevention strategy.
Estrategia de prevención para disminuir el riesgo cardiovascular en personal de salud con síndrome de burnout
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Álvarez Córdova, Verónica Maribel Md.; Flores Hernández, Verónica Fernanda Ps. Cl. Mg.
The purpose of this research work is established to meet the need to generate a prevention strategy for the reduction of cardiovascular risk in health personnel with diagnosed burnout syndrome. The objective is to achieve a method to minimize the cardiovascular risk factors of health personnel who present burnout through a process based on six phases with the respective analysis after its development. It is worth mentioning that there are few studies analyzing cardiovascular risk factors in personal health with burnout syndrome. Reason for which, the investigative work proposes a document review that will serve as a basis for the planning of a strategy in relation to the development of the work activities of the health personnel, since it has been detected as an important demonstration in the generation of labor stress for several years. Needs that require changes in healthy habits, but not considering them, could affect various levels and sub-levels of health. The proposal therefore seeks to be a tool within the area of occupational health and promotion, to provide direct assistance for decision-making with the aim of forwarding any health unit to reduce cardiovascular risk and burnout syndrome, through the improvement of working conditions and practices that promote a better lifestyle.
C a t e g o r i z a c i ó n d e l b i o t i p o y e s t a d o n u t r i c i o n a l e n p a c i e n t e s d i a g n o s t i c a d o s d e h i p o t i r o i d i s m o
(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Mesías Molina, Lucetty Yoled, Md.; Marizande Lozada, María Fernanda; Mg.
Introduction: Knowing the biotype of a person is important, because it allows identifying specific characteristics of each human being, this contributes to planning their diet, lifestyle, and in case of having any disease, establish activities that reduce the morbidity of people. Objective: to identify investigations related to the categorization of the biotype and nutritional status in patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism supported by systematic reviews. Methodology: it was qualitative, descriptive under a systematic review research design, under certain inclusion criteria. Results: in the review developed, the main findings were that both men and women presented hypothyroidism, with a higher prevalence in women and in the age group of the adult population, since the average age was 40.7 years. Under the characteristics of weight, BMI and body fat, it was determined that the study group presented overweight and obesity and therefore, they are located in the endomorphic biotype. T3 values are directly related to weight, while it is indirectly related to cholesterol and triglycerides. Conclusions: The idea to be defended allows determining that the hypothyroidism and biotype of a person significantly affects their nutritional status, under these criteria, it is important to determine a self-care guide that contributes to patients with hypothyroidism to bring a better quality of life, depending on their food process and their specific biotype.
Estrategia de aprendizaje por competencias para la gestión de calidad de laboratorio
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Medina Astudillo, Auri Jacqueline Lcda; Martínez García Ing. Mg., Diana Nancy
The work topic Competency-based Learning Strategy for Laboratory Quality Management, due to the lack of knowledge of second semester clinical laboratory students about this way of learning, the general objective was to develop a competency-based learning strategy for quality management of clinical laboratories, we worked on three specific objectives which were to identify processes and procedures, develop a pedagogical and didactic strategy and establish indicators of effectiveness for learning quality management in the clinical laboratory, we worked on the theoretical framework to analyze the criteria of authors on the subject, The methodology used was the explanatorydescriptive research of transversal cut, we worked with 20 students of second semester of the clinical laboratory career, the results allowed to generate a diagram of clinical laboratory processes, also the diagrams of processes of the pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases were made, also the general and specific competences on quality in the clinical laboratory were identified, with these results the proposal titled Didactic strategies with approach by competences for the learning of quality management was elaborated. The main conclusion was, a pedagogical and didactic strategy was designed with a competency-based approach for learning quality management, the pedagogical strategy was the use of ICT, and as a didactic resource the video conference that allows effective communication, the general competence was to perform analytical studies of biological samples, the specific ones were to obtain biological samples, ensure the quality of the analytical process, prepare the sample for analysis and validate the results.
Ciclo de Kolb y enfoques complejos para el aprendizaje de la gestión de calidad en la docencia de la Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Calahorrano Mayorga Lcda., Patricia Elizabeth; Ramos Ramírez, Martha Cecilia Mg. BQF.
Kolb's learning model is one of the best-known learning style theories given that its causal factors: genetics, life experiences and the demands of the environment, all based on quality control in the clinical laboratory Objective: To develop a pedagogical and didactic strategy based on the Kolb Cycle and complex approaches for learning quality management in theClinical Laboratory career. Methods and Materials: A work was developed based on a longitudinal and prospective observational explanatory study. The strategy will be developed considering the students who are in the seventh semester of the Clinical Laboratory Career of the Technical University of Ambato in the period from May 1 2022, to August 31, 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. It is articulated to the research project EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF THE CLINICAL LABORATORIES OF THE CANTON AMBATO AND PROPOSAL OF A SERVICE OPTIMIZATION PLAN. Results: It is possible to identify the learning styles according to Kolb applied to the students of the seventh semester of the Clinical Laboratory career in the quality management module II, the results show that 57% have a divergent learning style, followed by 29% with convergent learning style, 14% have an assimilating learning style and 0% have an accommodating learning style. According to the results, we can indicate that the vast majority of students have a divergent learning style which is the result of the combination of the capacities of concrete experience (EC) and reflective observation (OR). These students stand out because they 9 tend to consider concrete situations from different perspectives, they like to observe and they have a great facility for the production of ideas. Conclusion: A pedagogical strategy was developed for learning quality management in the Clinical Laboratory Career, based on five stages: • Stage N 1 Strategic planning • Stage N 2 Plan integrated analysis activities with teachers to improve quality control teaching, in an integrated and participatory manner. • Stage N 3 Execution of the basic processes associated with learning in relation to quality • Stage N 4 Evaluate the process – Heteroevaluation – Self-evaluation – Co-evaluation • Stage N 5 Develop training activities, aimed at strengthening knowledge in the area of quality. The predominant learning style in seventh semester students of the Clinical Laboratory Career is the Divergent style. The efficiency indicators identified were aimed at evaluating the level of satisfaction of the staff that is going to be part of the training plan, the opportunity of the resources used, and the evaluation of the activities in the foreseen time.
Estrategia didáctica desarrolladora para la prevención de demencia en la atención primaria de salud como parte del perfeccionamiento curricular en la carrera de medicina con base en la caracterización neuro inmunológica de adultos mayores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Guayasamín Ortíz, Claudia Carolina; Acosta Acosta, Josué Dr. Esp.
Introduction: Dementia constitutes a public health problem to be taken into account within the academic process of the medical career, since the role of the primary health care physician is fundamental in the screening of possible cognitive impairment in the elderly, which motivates the development of a didactic developmental strategy based on the neuro-immunological characterization of older adults. Goal: To develop a didactic strategy for the prevention of dementia in primary health care as part of the curricular improvement in the medical career based on the neuroimmunological characterization of older adults, identifying the competencies to be developed. Methodology: Descriptive qualitative, cross-sectional, qualitative study of period. It included students about to enter the rotating internship in the period September 2022 - August 2023 of the Medicine Career of the Technical University of Ambato, who according to their curriculum received Immunology, Neurology and Community Medicine IV, being a total of 52 students. Results: There is a greater lack of knowledge of general basic concepts about dementia, some students still confuse secondary dementias as primary, some students still need to develop skills for diagnosis, recognition of risk factors, knowledge of what should be identified for primary and secondary prevention, there is still confusion in the use of instruments for the evaluation of dementia in primary health care, they have little experience in the comprehensive management of dementia and do not feel prepared to implement their knowledge and skills of dementia in the community, which aims the strategy proposed in this development project. Conclusions: The strategy is developed based on the requirements of the students and the indicators correspond to the methodology of competency assessment
Estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza de ciencias básicas a estudiantes de pregrado con diversidad funcional del espectro autista
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Valle Ocando, Ana Karina Md.; Villacís Valencia, Sandra Dra. Esp.
The Autistic Spectrum, currently considered an "invisible disability", persists as an underestimated, ignored condition plagued by stereotypes, a consequence of ignorance. Regarding the academic field, people on the Autistic Spectrum have a different way of learning than neurotypical people, considering peculiarities of both the condition and the person's own, but these educational needs are ignored, affecting the Teaching learning process. Indeed, there is very little information regarding the development and performance of autistic people in formal education, focusing mainly on the basic and middle levels, and leaving aside autistic students at higher or university levels. In Ecuador there are not even reliable statistical records of how many autistic people start, stay and finish higher education and especially Medical University or Medicine Career, a situation that prevents formulating educational policies and making the necessary adjustments for the academic success of this group of people. Given this scenario, in this qualitative study, an interview was conducted with two key participants to obtain information from a direct and reliable source on the problems that autistic people experienced and experience during their university studies, whose valuable contributions were taken as a reference for to be able to develop the final product that is the "Didactic Strategy for the teaching of Basic Biomedical Sciences to undergraduate students with functional diversity of the Autistic Spectrum"
Estrategia didáctica para el abordaje del cáncer mama con visión integradora básico-clínica en los diseños curriculares de la Carrera de Medicina
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Guananga Pujos, Alexandra Maricela; Sandra, Villacis Valencia Dra. Esp.
Objective: To develop a didactic strategy for approaching breast cancer with a basicclinical integrative vision in the curricular designs of the Medical School. Methodology: This is a development project based on a qualitative, descriptive study of the period. 30 students who were studying the rotating internship of the Medicine Career of the Technical University of Ambato participated in the period from March 1 to August 31, 2022, the level of knowledge about breast cancer was evaluated, using a survey . Results: The indicators that indicated that Drinking alcohol, Age, Smoking, Early menarche, Nulliparity, Use of oral contraceptives, Family and personal history are risk factors for breast cancer, know about the steps for breast self-examination, about screening for cancer some students do not know about conditions for breast selfexamination and complementary tests. A didactic strategy was developed that integrates basic and clinical sciences. Conclusions: Most of the students consider improving the use of didactic strategies during the teaching-learning process
Estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza del a prevención del cáncer de mama a partir de la caracterización de marcadores genéticos e inmunológicos
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Pavajeau Hernández, Jeffry John MD, MSc; Leiva Suero, Lizette Elena Dra, PhD.
Breast cancer is defined as the abnormal cellular proliferation of the gland's own cells, of heterogeneous cause caused by a cluster of genetic and immunological alterations, being clear that this pathological entity is multifactorial. Historically, the application of strategies for the prevention of breast cancer has been based on a lifestyle approach without a broad focus on genetic and immunological aspects of the local context. Given this problem, the need arises to design a strategy based on the application of the practical simulation technique linked to these relevant aspects within the pathophysiology and prevention of breast cancer. The proposed objective was to develop a didactic strategy for teaching breast cancer prevention based on the characterization of genetic and immunological markers and to identify the level of competencies, abilities and skills developed in nursing students for prevention. effective and efficient treatment of breast cancer. A non-experimental, longitudinal and prospective descriptive methodology was applied. A predesigned scale was used to assess the knowledge, skills and attitudes developed in nursing students in breast cancer prevention, which served as a baseline for the proposal of a didactic strategy for teaching promotion and prevention of breast cancer based on immunology-genetics; It was identified that within the assistance competencies, the ones with the least development were the items related to assessment and planning, while in the behavioral competencies, the ones with the least acquisition were those related to relationships; a didactic strategy aimed at the teaching staff based on the new teaching methodologies and composed of four components was proposed, proposing as a basis problematizing, creative learning, simulation and the use of new technologies; Lastly, indicators were proposed to evaluate competencies in breast cancer prevention, with an emphasis on immunogenetic markers for monitoring the strategy. It was concluded that there is a great influence of traditional teaching methodologies in the poor training in skills of future nursing professionals, especially in issues related to the prevention of gynecological cancer
Estrategia didáctica enfocada en el diagnóstico precoz del cáncer de cuello uterino con base en la caracterización inmunogenética
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Villacrés Franco, Diana Carolina Md.; Carrero Castillo, Yenddy PhD.
Cervical cancer is defined as the uncontrolled proliferation of cells lining the lower part of the uterus. It is currently considered a sexually transmitted infection due to its direct relationship with infection by the human papillomavirus. This neoplasm is a highly preventable pathology, which is why education programs should be aimed at promoting cervical cancer prevention based mainly on the risk factors that have been identified in the pathogenesis of the disease, as well as periodic gynecological control. Primary care includes educational programs aimed at reducing the incidence of pathologies that are highly preventable. The objective of this research was to design a didactic strategy focused on improving the competences of the students of the Gynecology and Obstetrics rotating internship of the Medicine career of the Technical University of Ambato for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer based on the immunogenetic characterization, focused on a developmental research work based on a descriptive study. The results show that the level of knowledge of medical interns about cervical cancer is acceptable, since 65% of interns know the risk factors, types of cervical cancer and screening tests. Also, the interns responded that the main cause for the Teaching-Learning process not being adequate in 40% is the lack of didactic strategies. The study showed that the most used didactic strategies are focused on the traditional teaching method which includes lectures and expository classes given by a teacher expert in the subject where student participation is not significant.